高羊茅草坪斜纹夜蛾的发生与防治研究

[目的]探究高羊茅草坪斜纹夜蛾的发生规律及药剂防治效果。[方法]于2010～2012年对池州市高羊茅草坪斜纹夜蛾的发生规律及室外防治效果进行了研究。[结果]室外药效试验研究表明,2.2%甲维盐乳油2 000倍液、30%乙酰甲胺磷1 000倍液等对斜纹夜蛾的发生有很好的防治效果。[结论]为高羊茅草坪斜纹夜蛾的控制提供了借鉴。     

麻疯树细菌性萎蔫病研究进展

对由青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）引起的细菌性萎蔫病的为害特点、病原学特征、防控措施等方面进行了介绍,为该病害的监测与预防工作提供了参考.     

切花月季西花蓟马的防治技术研究

[目的]探究辽宁切花月季西花蓟马的危害及防治技术.[方法]调查了辽宁地区5个切花月季品种上蓟马的危害情况,并通过形态学鉴定方法对其进行了鉴定;同时采用叶面喷施方法研究了4种蓟马专用防治药剂（5％多杀霉素悬浮剂、60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂、铁砂掌1＋1可湿性粉剂和1.8％阿维菌素）及其组合对切花月季西花蓟马的田间防治效果.[结果]通过形态学鉴定确定了危害辽宁切花月季的害虫为西花蓟马.复配药剂5％多杀霉素悬浮剂1 500倍液＋铁砂掌可湿性粉剂l 250倍液对切花月季西花蓟马的防治效果最佳,第5天的防治效果达到92.06％;单个药剂5％多杀霉素悬浮剂1 500倍液的防治效果最佳,第3天的防治效果达到83.12％.[结论]为指导切花月季的生产及防止西花蓟马产生抗药性提供了理论依据.     

桑盾蚧在陇南市核桃上的发生及防治

对桑盾蚧(Pseudaulacas pispentagona)在陇南市核桃上的为害情况、发生规律进行了观察研究,并在防治试验的基础上提出了综合防治措施。桑盾蚧在陇南1年发生2代,以受精雌成虫在寄主枝干上越冬,第2年5月中下旬和8月上旬进入卵孵化盛期,为药剂防治的关键时期,采取植物检疫、农业防治、人工防治、化学防治、生物防治等综合防治措施,可有效控制桑盾蚧的发生为害。     

西甜瓜主要害虫防治技术

ZHENG Zhen-lei(Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu,Sichuan 610066)     

Relative abundance and damage of some insect pests of wheat under different tillage practices in rice–wheat cropping in India

Tillage changes the physical and chemical properties of soil and can also inhibit or enhance useful and harmful fauna. In agriculture, different tillage technologies are being tried to enhance crop productivity, but little concrete information seems to exist on their effects on pest abundance and damage. To address this lack of information, sowing of wheat was investigated under different tillage systems. In order to monitor pest abundance and damage in altered tillage systems, the present studies on the relative abundance and damage due to insect pests viz. pink stem borer (PSB, Sesamia inferens Walker), termites (Microtermes obesi Holmgren and Odontotermes obesus Rambur) and root aphid (Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis Sasaki) were undertaken in a rice–wheat cropping system during 2010–11 and 2011–12. Pest abundance and damage was monitored in four tillage systems i.e. conventional tillage (CT), zero tillage (ZT), ZT + mulch and rotary tillage (RT) under insecticide protected and unprotected conditions. The application of insecticide did not affect root aphid incidence or termite damage. However, significant differences in PSB damage in insecticide protected (0.9%) and unprotected (1.2%) conditions were observed. The investigations demonstrated that in CT, damage by PSB (0.6%) was minimum; however termite damage (2.2%) was maximum as compared to all other tillage conditions. In ZT, PSB damage (1.4%) was maximum and root aphid incidence (3.1 aphids/tiller) was minimum in comparison to other tillage conditions. ZT + mulch resulted in inter-mediate insect pest incidence/damage; however, RT was the least effective practice which showed relatively high incidence/damage of these three insects (1.2% PSB damage, 1.9% termite damage and 5.1 aphids/tiller). The insecticide × tillage interaction indicated that insecticide application is needed only in ZT and RT for PSB management.     

桃树梨小食心虫发生危害及综合防治

梨小食心虫属鳞翅目卷蛾科,是世界性分布的蛀果害虫,为害多种果树,严重影响桃树产量和质量。详细介绍了梨小食心虫的形态特征、寄主范围、发生分布、发生规律、为害特点及其综合防控技术等,以期为生产上对梨小食心虫进行综合防治提供技术支持。     

辽西地区野兔危害情况调查

通过走访、问卷调查和样地调查,对辽西地区野兔危害情况进行了初步调查,并对调查数据进行了统计分析。结果表明：辽西地区野兔主要危害杏树,其次是刺槐、杨树和梨树等;野兔对不同林龄杏树危害差异显著。其中,对3林龄以下杏树危害严重,3林龄以上危害较轻;野兔对不同地区杏树危害程度差异显著,主要表现在对海拔较高降雨较少的地区危害程度较海拔低降雨相对多的地区高。     

吉林省玉米生产自然灾害风险评估与气象灾害产量的影响因素研究

结合吉林省玉米生产情况,分析玉米生产中自然灾害风险大小与发生规律,采用信息扩散理论风险概率评估模型,测算玉米生产中主要灾害因子的发生概率,构建气象灾害产量影响因素分析模型,估计影响吉林省气象灾害产量的主要因素。结果表明,吉林省玉米生产自然灾害风险较大,水、旱灾害发生的概率较高,是导致玉米灾害产量形成的主要原因。     

杨树草履蚧的发生与防治

草履蚧寄主广泛,为害严重。介绍了草履蚧的生活习性及其为害特征,提出了草履蚧的防治方法。