微生物固化载体的选择及对养殖水体的作用效果分析

[目的]寻找适合在海水养殖中使用的高效、廉价、易得的微生物固化载体。[方法]通过4种载体对光合细菌吸附效果的比较,选择合适的固化载体和固化时间,通过测定固化微生物对养殖水体COD、NH3-N、底质中有机质和硫化物的去除率,分析其对养殖水体的作用效果和固液比的影响。[结果]炉渣对光合细菌的吸附能力最强,合适的固化时间是8～10 h,其对养殖水体中COD、NH3-N和底质中有机质和硫化物在20 d内的去除率可达66%、52%、57%、82%。[结论]火电厂的炉渣是一种非常适合在海水养殖中使用的固化载体。使用时要注意选择合适的固液比,避免微生物残留培养基对水体负荷的冲击。     

柑橘果实韧皮部后糖的运输生理机制研究

 以膨大期和完熟期的温州蜜柑宫川 (CitrusunshiuMarc .cv .Miyagawawase)果实为试材 ,研究了14C光合产物在果实内的运输分配动态 ,测定了果实各组织的蔗糖浓度 ,分析了载体和ATP酶抑制剂对汁囊吸收14C 蔗糖的影响。结果表明 ,光合产物运入汁囊积累的速率随着果实成熟和糖积累呈下降趋势。沿维管束到囊瓣皮再到汁囊的光合产物运输路径存在由高到低的糖梯度。其中 ,组织间运输态的14C放射性比活度的梯度随果实成熟和糖积累而加大 ,而静态的蔗糖梯度则趋缓 ,表明14C放射性比活度梯度的形成有利于后期糖积累。载体抑制剂PCMBS和ATP酶抑制剂DNP、EB、NO3- 处理明显抑制了汁囊对14C 蔗糖的吸收。由此可见 ,糖在温州蜜柑果实汁囊中的运输存在一个需要载体并与ATP酶相偶联的主动运输过程     

沸石在芹菜生产中应用研究

本文总结了来自两个产地的沸石在芹菜生产中的应用试验。证实了沸石微肥料载体。不但能转增产而且能影响作物生理过程，改变土体中的物质运动。进而使土壤理化性状向肥力水平高的方向变化，起到延长肥效；保存肥料，减少淋失的作用。     

常用饲料添加剂载体的吸附性能及影响因素的研究

选取较常用的饲料添加剂载体碳酸钙、谷壳粉、海泡石粉作为研究对象 ,以乳酸乙酯为吸附质 ,分别得出了上述 3种载体的吸附等温式 :Q =6 .6 9× 1 0 0 C0 .2 92 2 、Q =1 .90×1 0 2 C0 .51 0 5和Q =1 .6 5× 1 0 2 C0 .1 2 59。谷壳粉的吸附能力随其水份含量的升高呈现倒“V”型变化 ;碳酸钙的吸附能力随水份含量升高而趋于增强 ;海泡石的吸附能力与水份含量成反比。并提出了水份影响载体吸附性能的“媒介作用”和“释放作用”两个概念。     

饲料调味剂载体的吸附强度测定方法探讨

阐述了饲料调味剂载体的吸附作用的测定方法。采用顶空气体色谱法，以乳酸乙酯为标记，比较容易地测得所有载体的吸附强度。利用此法，测得常见载体的吸附强度的大小顺序为活性炭＞海泡石粉＞淀粉＞玉米粉＞二氧化硅＞碳酸钙。     

应用固定化细胞技术处理废水的研究进展

首先简述了固定化细胞技术及其应用于废水处理中的优点,然后介绍了固定化微生物的载体和制备方法。该技术应用于高浓度有机废水、难降解废水、含氮废水、重金属废水的处理具有很好的效果,显示出固定化细胞技术在废水处理领域中广阔的发展潜力。     

Congenital hypothyroidism with goiter in toy fox terriers

Congenital hypothyroidism with goiter was observed to segregate as a simple autosomal recessive trait in Toy Fox Terriers (TFTs). Neonatal affected pups exhibited inactivity, abnormal hair coat, stenotic ear canals, and delayed eye opening. Palpable ventrolateral cervical swellings were evident by 1 week of age. Serum thyroid hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations were low and high, respectively. Histologic examination of the cervical masses disclosed cuboidal to columnar follicular epithelial cell hyperplasia with widely varying follicular size, shape, and amount of colloid. Oral thyroid hormone replacement therapy restored near-normal growth and development. At 8 weeks of age, radioiodine uptake and perchlorate discharge testing indicated an iodine organification defect. Biochemical analysis of thyroid tissue from affected dogs demonstrated enzymatic iodine oxidation deficiency and lack of sodium dodecyl sulfate-resistant thyroglobulin dimers, suggesting thyroid peroxidase deficiency. A nonsense mutation in the thyroid peroxidase gene of affected dogs was discovered and demonstrated to segregate with the disease. A DNA-based carrier test was developed and currently is used by TFT breeders to prevent this disorder.     

The Physiological Mechanism of Postphloem Sugar Transport in Citrus Fruit

The dynamics of translocation and partitioning of 14C-phothsynthates, the concentration of sucrose in fruit tissues and the effects of the membrane carrier- and ATPase-specific inhibitors on 14C-sucrose uptake by juice sacs of the satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. Miyagawa wase) fruit were examined at the stage of fruit enlargement and fruit full ripe. Kinetic data of 14C-photosynthate translocation indicated that the rate of photosynthate transport into juice sacs decreased with fruit maturation and sugar accumulation. Along the photosynthate translocation path, i.e. from vascular bundles to segment epidermis then to juice sacs, a descending sugar gradient was observed. With fruit maturation and sugar accumulation in juice sacs, the 14C photosynthate gradient increased, whereas the static sucrose concentration gradient decreased with fruit maturation and sugar accumulation. The higher gradient of specific 14C radioactivity was considered to favor diffusion and sugar transport into juice sacs at the later stage of fruit development. The rate of uptake 14C-sucrose by juice sacs of satsuma mandarin fruit was markedly reduced by PCMBS, EB, DNP and NO-3 treatment. The above results suggested the participation of a carrier-mediated, energy-dependent sugar active transport process in juice sacs of satsuma mandarin fruit.     

松褐天牛成虫携带松材线虫的数量

研究表明,从松褐天牛羽化开始到结束,有８０％以上的天牛携逞松材线虫。每头天牛携带量平均在３５００条左右。６月份天牛羽化高峰。它所携带的松材线虫数量最多。雌成虫携逞量比雄成虫携带量多。感染松材线虫病病木１ｇ木材内的松材线虫数量约是１头松褐天牛所携带数量的４倍。１ｇ病木木材含松材线虫数平均２４６０２条。１头天牛携带５３５２条。松褐天牛小个体携带的松材线虫数比大个体的多。树干上羽化出的天牛携带松材线虫数多于树枝上羽化出的天牛携带量。     

谷糠和堆肥作为微生物菌剂载体的研究

[目的]探讨堆肥和谷糠代替草炭作为功能性微生物载体的可行性。[方法]以湖南当地猪粪堆肥、谷糠和草炭等材料作为微生物菌体载体材料,通过制成不同配比的微生物肥料,比较载体中微生物数量以及p H等指标变化。[结果]经过自然风干的堆肥与草炭比较,吸附液体微生物菌剂后无论外观、手感还是微生物数量差异均不大。以75%堆肥添加25%谷糠,载体中微生物数量最高,且载体物理性状、p H、气味均达标。[结论]草炭是一种短期不可再生性的天然矿产资源,而自然风干的堆肥添加适量的谷糠可代替草炭,作为微生物菌剂载体的一种选择。