Load behaviors of a prefabricated wood framing house during lifting and transportation

Lifting for handling and flatbed truck transportation to the job site are important processes during manufacture of prefabri-cated wooden construction units like mini homes and building modules. Significant damage can occur to sections or components of units during these operations. Although damage usually will not impair its structural safety, it is costly to fix and causes the public to perceive prefabricated wooden buildings as low quality products. Field observations and preliminary numerical models for prefabri-cated units subject to lifting and transportation forces are summarized here. Once fully developed and verified, models will support the creation of damage mitigation strategies centered on structural details indicating how units are to be supported during lifting and transportation.     

东北林蛙满负荷放养技术

本文提出了东北林蛙养殖新模式——满负荷放养,并对该养殖模式的标准化蛙场基础设施建设、计划放养和科学管理等主要技术环节进行了详细介绍,可为林蛙养殖提供借鉴。     

城镇污水处理厂供配电系统分析

污水处理已成为城市建设中必不可少的环节,所以对相应的配套工程也提出了更高的要求,本文将对污水处理厂的供配电系统进行简要的分析。     

曲杆梁格内力影响面的机动分析有限元法

以米勒-布雷斯劳原理为基础,运用小变形的叠加原理,将曲杆梁格机动分析与有限元静力分析相结合,建立了曲杆梁格内力影响面分析的机动分析有限元法,该方法把内力影响面分析归结为求解在一个等效结点荷载作用下的梁格位移场,并推导了计入横向剪切变形影响的十二自由度空间曲梁单元等效结点荷载计算公式.该方法概念简洁清晰,与静力法及直接求解位移的机动法相比,计算效率大为提高.算例表明了本文理论和所推导公式的正确性.     

非胶合条件下松木直角榫卯接合的抗拉力

通过拉伸试验研究了非胶合状态下,木材直角榫卯构件配合间隙、榫头长度和榫卯纹理方向等参数,对榫卯连接节点抗拉力的影响.结果表明:木材直角榫卯构件在拉伸过程中的抗拉力-行程曲线可分为2段,即快速线性上升和近似直线缓慢下降段;在一定范围内,构件抗拉力随着过盈配合公差的增加、榫头长度的延长而提高;同等条件下,榫卯纹理方向一致时的抗拉力要高于榫卯纹理方向直交时.     

一种快速测定云南松和华山松林下细小可燃物负荷量的方法

在野外测定云南松和华山松纯林细小可燃物层平均厚度和负荷量的基础上,建立了细小可燃物层的平均厚度与负荷量的关系模型。经验证,云南松和华山松林下细小可燃物负荷量模型的平均误差分别为8.11%和10.43%。根据细小可燃物层的平均厚度推算可燃物负荷量的方法具有数据容易采集、操作简便的优点,适用于凋落物层被人为破坏的林分和灭火指挥员急需数据的紧急情况下进行可燃物负荷量的推算。     

A biomechanical analysis of industrial forest plantation workers in East Kalimantan

The objectives of this study are to clarify physiological work loads and physical loads acting on the lumbar region of workers and to propose a safe work environment in tropical forestry operations. The research was conducted in the industrial forest plantations of East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in 1996. In this study, heart rates and the physical lumbar burden of industrial forest plantation workers were measured for three types of work, that is, weeding, planting and path clearing. In addition, the load moment at the L₅/S₁ and the disc compression force were calculated using low-back biomechanical models. As a result, compression forces at the L₅/S₁ disc during weeding, planting and path clearing were estimated and found to be below the Action Limit (AL) by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). However, it was also found that some work posture types during path clearing by chain saw were sometimes above the AL. A part of this paper was orally presented at the 108th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1997).     

公路钢筋混凝土桥梁的体外预应力加固技术

本主要介绍了公路桥梁设计荷载标准,分析了全国的国道,省道和县道公路以及大中型桥梁各级设计荷载的百分比,并详细讨论了体外预应力索加固技术组成部分及优点,说明了体外索加固技术在旧桥加固中的作用及意义。     

荷载模型对沥青路面路表弯沉计算的影响

弯沉作为我国沥青路面设计和竣工验收的重要指标之一,规范规定采用单轴单侧双圆均布荷载进行理论计算,而用贝克曼梁法实地量测时的标准车荷载为单轴双侧四圆荷载。文中采用1层状弹性理论计算结果表明二者差值达25%～45%,并进一步对双轴和三轴荷载模型下弯沉值的影响进行分析。     

平台框架式木结构住宅设计方法探讨

介绍平台框架式木结构的结构形式,并对其设计方法进行探讨,在此基础上以一栋建筑面积30m2、单层框架式木结构房屋为实例,参照最新的木结构设计规范以及相关荷载设计规范,采用LRFD法对结构所承受的荷载以及主要构件进行设计。通过此设计实例,分析轻型木结构的设计步骤,提出一些我国在木结构设计和研究方面所存在的问题,为相关设计和研究人员提供参考。