Ferguson机构动态测试确定运动曲线的起点

Ｆｅｒｇｕｓｏｎ机构动态性能检测非常重要高精度的检测必须由精确确定运动曲线起点作保证。本文提出实时找出点小邻域和离线数据处理逼近真实起点相结合的方法，分析了相应的系统误差，并给出了实验计算数据，该方法用于实验检测系统中取得较好效果。     

YTG型双向体积管在计量检定中的应用

体积管是检定流量计的标准器。ＹＴＧ型双向体积管，其外型尺寸、主体结构、检定速度、日常管理等方面，均比单向体积管有明显的优点，并具有独特的容积补偿性，给体积管的管理、使用带来极大方便。介绍了ＹＴＧ型双向体积管的结构、技术指标及其优越性，并建议在条件允许的情况下，尽可能使用双向体积管。     

原油动态计量中流量计系数的使用方法

在原油贸易交接过程中,流量计为主要计量工具,就动态计量中流量计系数的确定及如何运用该系数计算油量进行了分析.结合实例介绍了运用误差法进行油量交接的情况,以及流量计基本误差超差时的差量处理方法.     

Predicting moisture content and density distribution of Scots pine by microwave scanning of sawn timber

This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of calibrating a prediction model for the moisture content and density distribution of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) using microwave sensors. The material was initially of green moisture content and was thereafter dried in several steps to zero moisture content. At each step, all the pieces were weighed, scanned with a microwave sensor (Satimo 9,4GHz), and computed tomography (CT)-scanned with a medical CT scanner (Siemens Somatom AR.T.). The output variables from the microwave sensor were used as predictors, and CT images that correlated with known moisture content were used as response variables. Multivariate models to predict average moisture content and density were calibrated using the partial least squares (PLS) regression. The models for average moisture content and density were applied at the pixel level, and the distribution was visualized. The results show that it is possible to predict both moisture content distribution and density distribution with high accuracy using microwave sensors.     

水产科学实验原始数据处理的自动化技术

应用 Microsoft Excel软件建立了对原始数据进行不同处理的工作表,通过工作表中的名称、公式、填充、链接、宏等技术,完成原始数据处理的自动化过程。     

云南出口新鲜松茸产地属性DNA指纹图谱构建

收集19个出口松茸主产地的97个样本,使用逆转录因子的DNA分子标签对样本基因组进行PCR扩增;为尽可能区分原产地,对某些产地的样本增加先使用限制性内切酶处理基因组DNA,再次使用逆转录分子标签的步骤。采用全自动DNA分析系统获得一系列DNA指纹图谱。通过比较分析找到同一地理居群共有的DNA指纹图谱特征以及酶切前后的图谱差异。这些指纹图谱特征与松茸原产地间存在显著相关性。     

Accuracy of a machine-vision pellet detection system

Video cameras are employed on net pen fish farms for monitoring food pellet levels near the cage bottom. Herein, the accuracy of a new machine-vision system for the identification of a feed-wastage event and its response time are reported. Research involved novel tests and definitions, video footage recorded under different stocking and environmental conditions, and numerical filters to reduce the effects of misclassifications and patchiness of the pellet wastage record on overall system accuracy. Single-frame food pellet detection accuracy was based on the difference between computer-generated and actual frame counts of pellets greater than 30 pixels in size. A pellet wastage event was defined as a median of three or more visible pellets per frame. During tests on still video frames from different feeding events, the system missed 0.1±0.1 to 1.3±0.4 pellets frame⁻¹, and miss-classified as pellets 0±0.1 to 2.3±0.5 objects frame⁻¹ (n=264). Most missed pellet images were on top of fish images. Waste matter accounted for 65% of the misclassifications, while particles associated with poor camera maintenance accounted for approximately 24%. The average response time to a pellet wastage event was 5.1 and 11.4 s for sampling rates of 2 frames s⁻¹ and 0.5 frames s⁻¹, respectively (n=20 different pellet wastage events). The longest response time (26 s) occurred when fish were amassed against the camera and/or covering pellets. Using appropriate camera lens, camera positioning and/or ‘warning’ software can address fish-interference problems.     

基于离散元法的茶园仿生铲减阻性能研究

针对茶园土壤板结较为严重、行距小、耕作阻力大且易使耕作机构发生缠绕等问题,提出了一种基于离散元法的仿生铲,并对其进行减阻性能研究。使用离散元仿真与试验结合的方法对茶园板结土壤的物理参数进行测量。以鼹鼠爪趾为原型,结合其挖掘动作,设计出基于四杆机构的耕作机构,并使用离散元的方法研究鼹鼠爪趾的趾尖、趾廓及两者复合的仿生特征的减阻效果。离散元仿真结果表明,在各个耕作条件下,趾尖仿生特征的平均扭矩减小比例和功耗减少比例分别为1.72%~5.04%和1.58%~4.84%,趾廓仿生特征的平均扭矩减小比例和功耗减少比例分别为34.06%~39.29%和29.02%~34.73%,复合仿生特征的平均扭矩减小比例和功耗减少比例分别为36.61%~42.06%和30.84%~38.15%,说明趾尖和趾廓两个仿生特征的减阻效果在一定程度上可以叠加,复合后的仿生特征有更好的减阻效果。     

土壤水分特征曲线自动检测系统的设计与应用

[目的]为了更好地满足现代农业各种种植环境下作物对水分要求越来越精准,结合土壤含水量与土壤水分势能的概念,设计了土壤水分特征曲线自动检测系统。[方法]利用电子式土壤水分张力传感器实时测定供试盆钵中土壤水分的张力数值,同时采用电子式重量传感器测定土壤重量,利用差减法计算土壤含水量,并绘制土壤水分特征曲线。[结果]通过对江苏地区2种不同质地土壤实地测定得出：质地不同水分特征曲线走势不同,分别为：徐州地区黄河古道砂质土水分特征曲线关系式为 Y=-0.0002X3＋0.0277X2-1.6445X＋38.161,R2=0.9919;大丰金海农场盐碱土水分特征曲线关系式为 Y=-0.002X2-0.426X＋39.905,R2=0.9913。[结论]土壤水分特征曲线自动检测系统可以同时反应土壤含水量和土壤水分势能状况,可反映土壤水分对植物生长的有效性,为科学灌溉提供依据。     

Structure Design of Large-scale Sow House with Fermentation Bed

ln this research, the whole contact-type large-scale sow house with fer-mentation bed was designed. The planning area of the entire piggery was 5 700 m2 with workplace and green belts. The sow house was 93 m long and 33 m wide, a total of 3 069 m2, including office area of 60 m2 and aisle area of 107 m2. The fer-mentation bed had an area of 2 902 m2 with length of 88.7 m and width of 27.7 m. lts area accounted for 95% of the total area of sow house. The fermentation mattress had a depth of 80 cm, and had a volume of 2 321 m3, equivalent to 733 t of coconut chaff and rice chaff. On a large fermentation bed, the areas for boars, replacement gilts, pregnant sows, obstetric tables, nursery pigs, etc. were designed. The large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was equipped with the automatic feeding system, automatic sprinkler system, automatic positioning column for preg-nant sows, sows＇ obstetric table system, fanning wet curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental monitoring （light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3） and automatic control system. Every farming area was equipped with feeding trough and water trough. The water though was fixed with overflow pipe for removing the extra water. The house could hold 500-head sows. Each sow occu-pied 4.9 m2 of the fermentation bed in average. The designed sow house had a maximum annual output of 10 000 piglets.