Evaluation of some systems for classifying soil sensitivity to acid deposition in the South African highveld

Abstract. The Skokloster and Stockholm Environmental Institute (SEI) approaches were applied to the assessment of 145 soils of the South African highveld region in terms of sensitivity to acid deposition. The critical load class calculated by variants of these methods was compared with the acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) determined by pH measurement of soil suspended in a dilute acetate buffer solution. This rapid index of ANC correlates well both with ANC determined by an established but more laborious method which involves titration and equilibration of soil with HCl, and with a number of soil properties related to base status. The correlation between Skokloster or SEI critical load classes and ANC was weak. It was concluded that ANC determination would be a preferable basis for classifying these soils in terms of their sensitivity to acid deposition, since the method is direct and integrates the contribution of various soil properties to acid sensitivity instead of requiring the relative contribution to be calculated according to somewhat arbitrary weightings given to broadly defined classes of soil properties.     

Early-maturing dual-purpose sorghums: Agronomic trait variation and covariation among landraces

Landrace cultivars represent potentially valuable source material for breeding dual-purpose (grain and stover) sorghums. To characterize the genetic variation and interrelationships for major agronomic traits among potential dual-purpose sorghum landraces, 74 accessions, primarily from Southern Africa, the Sudan, and India, were evaluated in five environments at Patancheru, India. These environments, at 17°N with 520-540 mm rainfall during the growing season, are representative of the major sorghum-growing areas in India and the Sudanian Zone of Western and Central Africa. Significant genetic variation and high heritabilities (P = 0.01, h²= 0.63-0.92) were observed for seedling vigour, grain and stover yields, growth rate and harvest index. Time to flower was correlated with stover yield (r = 0.48, P = 0.01) and an index (I_ev) of total economic value (r = 0.44, P = 0.01) but not with grain yield (r = 0.22, P = 0.05). Grain and stover yields varied independently (r = 0.22, P = 0.05) and were similarly related to I_ev, values (r = 0.79 and r = 0.77 (P = 0.01), respectively). The 13 landraces with the highest I_ev values (adjusted for maturity) had above-average growth rates and harvest indices that ranged from 20 to 38%. Landraces from Botswana and India were more highly represented in the high I_ev set than in the full set of accessions.     

高寒地区不同干燥法对紫花苜蓿营养价值的影响

研究了高寒地区不同干燥方法对紫花苜蓿营养价值的影响，结果表明：压扁茎秆结合日晒干燥法所用干燥时间短，减少了紫花苜蓿粗蛋白质、钙、磷等营养物质的损失，有利于营养价值的保持，从而提高了干草的质量。     

政治心理学的研究意义

政治心理学在欧美已经成为政治学专业中一门重要的学科,但在国内还处于起步阶段。目前国内学者对政治心理学的研究明显不足,这与对政治心理学的研究意义的认识不足有着很大关系。文章从理论价值、现实意义以及方法上的意义三方面对政治心理学的研究意义进行探讨。     

洞庭湖区地下水生物除锰试验研究

通过试验 ,研究了洞庭湖区地下水生物除锰滤池的成熟过程与除锰效果 ,探讨了 pH值、氧化还原电位 (ORP)以及亚铁离子 (Fe2 + )与生物除锰的关系。结果表明 ,石英砂滤池除锰能力与砂层细菌含量密切相关 ;在试验进水水质条件下 ,通过自然培养 ,石英砂生物除锰滤池可在 6 0天内培养成熟 ;在 12m/h的较高滤速下 ,生物滤池仍有良好的除锰、除浊效果和很长的过滤周期 ;当出水 pH为 5～ 8.5时 ,出水含锰量小于 0 .1mg/L ,但当pH <5时 ,出水含锰量随进水 pH值的降低而急剧增加 ;当ORP为 4 30～ 72 0mV时 ,生物滤池具有良好的除锰效果 ;Fe2 + 与生物滤池除锰能力密切相关 .     

函数y=e~x的一特性及其应用

本文就函数y＝ex的一特性进行了讨论，同时利用此性质解决了数学分析中的几个具体问题．     

以外语节丰富学生英语实践的思考

通过分析外语节所包含的形式和内容，多角度展现了外语节的可行性和实用价值及其主题模式对英语专业及其它专业的适用性，为探索如何使学生社会实践多样化提供参考。     

稀土抗坏血酸络合物的各级稳定常数的测定

本文用ｐＨ滴定法测定了Ｌａ３＋、Ｎｄ３＋、Ｅｕ３＋、Ｇｄ３＋、Ｄｙ３＋、Ｈｏ３＋、Ｔｍ３＋一抗坏血酸络合物的各级稳定常数。同时讨论了生物学效应。     

灰色动态模型在油料作物产量预测中的应用

本文运用灰色系统理论建立了常德市油料作物产量的预测模型,其模型的精度达到了一级水平,模型值的精度在95％以上。模型的预测值评估结果良好,说明油料作物产量的预测值是可信的。     

略论模糊性语言的交际价值

本文从日常交际中常见的模糊语言现象，探讨其在会话中的交际价值，认为正确地使用模糊语言不仅能遵守合作原则、礼貌原则，还能为自己留下余地，避免尴尬局面，增强话语的感染力。