基于三维激光扫描仪的罗非鱼去鳞效果检测方法研究

随着科学技术的进步和计算机技术的迅速发展,将日常现实生活的实体场景迅速转化为计算机能识别处理的数据早已实现,三维激光扫描技术就是其中的代表之一.三维激光扫描工作原理主要是采用非接触式高速激光测量技术和方法,利用激光测距的原理将被测物体的三维坐标、反射率和纹理等信息进行全面的测量,由此快速复测被测物体的三维模型及点、线、...     

林间作业环境内采育目标立木间株距的计算

为提高林木联合采育机的工作效率,减轻驾驶员的工作压力,采用基于二维激光扫描仪的非接触测量系统获取采育作业林地环境内的目标数据,运用基于腐蚀扩张和聚类原理的滤波算法过滤原始扫描数据的背景噪声,获取采育目标的位置和轮廓数据,并假设所有目标为标准圆,采用最小二乘法拟合目标直径,计算采育目标之间的株距。结果表明,采用以上方法的株距计算与人工测量结果相比,平均误差为197.52 mm,标准差为97.7 mm,相对误差小于2%。     

基于激光扫描点云数据的植物叶片三维可视化

利用三维激光扫描系统得到单个黄瓜叶片的点云数据,借助imageware软件对点云数据进行缩减和坐标转换处理,并在OpenGL中通过三角网格化处理得到能反映叶片真实几何形态的三维模型,同时运用着色技术实现了单个叶片的三维可视化,达到了较逼真的可视化效果,为建立黄瓜植株三维模型的可视化提供了基础。     

浅析新技术在地质勘查方面的应用

随着科技水平日益进步,在地质勘查中不断引入较为先进的新技术,有效的提升地质勘查水平。在地质勘查工作中,以地质测绘技术为主,提升地质测绘技术是增强地质勘查质量和效率的重要基础。本文主要从GPS－RTK技术和三维激光扫描技术在地质勘查中应用进行分析,以促进地质勘查生产实践技术的进步。     

北京市西山地区栓皮栎林空间结构特征研究

以地面三维激光扫描仪作为林分资源调查的技术手段,采用"多站式"扫描方法来获取栓皮栎林标准地内林木树种、树高、胸径、胸高断面积等测树因子,利用混交度、大小比数、角尺度3个指标分析了北京市西山林区栓皮栎林样地的空间结构特征。研究结果表明:(1)栓皮栎林乔木层共包括15个树种,其中,栓皮栎种群在密度和断面积累积量方面占有明显优势,是乔木层的建群种和优势种;(2)栓皮栎林整个林分混交度较低,平均混交度0.306,各树种混交度以栓皮栎、栾树为最低,其它伴生树种以中度、强度和极强度为主;(3)栓皮栎、元宝枫、刺槐、辽东栎种群在空间结构单元中以优势木、亚优势木和中庸木为主,分别占种群总株数的64%,68%,64%和59%,其它树种优势度不明显;(4)栓皮栎林林分平均角尺度为0.528,说明该林分水平分布格局为聚集分布,但聚集程度较低。     

Endosperm Development in Autotetraploid Rice

By using the laser scanning confocal microscope and plastic （Leica 7022 historesin embedding kit） semi-thin sectioning technique, comparative studies on the development of endosperm were carried out between autotetraploid and diploid rices. About one third of the ovaries in the autotetraploid showed normal endosperm development as those in the diploid. In these ovaries, one of the polar nuclei would fuse with the sperm nucleus, and the primary endosperm nucleus formed and underwent the first division in 4 hours after pollination; the anticlinal wall began to grow centripetally between the free nuclei starting from the wall ingrowths of the embryo sac near the micropylar end, and some of the phragmoplasts formed transformed into periclinal walls. In addition, some of the cell wall situated in the middle of the endosperm appeared to originate from phragmoplasts, whereas others seemed to develop randomly without the obvious formation of phragmoplasts. Cellulose began to accumulate in the wall of aleurone cell layer at 6 days after pollination. The cellulose wall of the cells of the aleurone cell layer appeared to have completely formed within 7 to 8 days after pollination. On the other hand, about two thirds of the ovaries in the autotetraploid showed abnormality in endosperm development with various types, such as non-fertilization, abnormal fertilization, endosperm development-delay and non-synchronization in the development of cellulose wall of cells of the aleurone layer. These abnormalities usually resulted in decreased seed setting in autotetraploid rice.     

三维激光扫描在核电维修中的应用

以核电厂反应堆一回路主设备稳压器为对象,将三维激光扫描应用于放射性环境下核岛内维修现场环境的测绘。确定了稳压器三维激光扫描方法及三维模型建立原则,并对建立的三维模型进行了准确性分析,将三维模型结果应用于核电维修工作中。     

甜瓜谷氨酰胺合成酶的亚细胞定位

在一级结构上的差异,使得植物中胞质型(GSJ)与质体型(GS2)谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS;EC 6.3.1.2)在生理水平上的作用及亚细胞结构中的定位不同.GSI通常定位于细胞质中,而GS2则多定位于细胞质体(叶绿体)中中.为了对课题组从甜瓜(Cucumismelo L.)中克隆到的首个胞质型(M-GSI,GenBank登录号:DQ851867)及质体型(M-GS2,GenBank登录号:AY773090)GS基因的表达产物进行亚细胞定位,本研究在对其进行生物信息学分析和定位预测的基础上,通过将其各自的编码区分别与定位报告基因--黄色荧光蛋白YFP即基因融合,构建重组植物表达载体(pA7-GS1-YFP和pA7-GS2-YFP),在基因枪轰击下转入洋葱内表皮细胞中瞬时表达,再用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜对各表达产物在洋葱内表皮细胞内的分布情况进行了观察和分析.2种手段分析结果均提示,M-GSI定位于细胞质中,而M-GS2则定位于细胞的质体中.对甜瓜谷氨酰胺合成酶进行精确亚细胞定位,为进一步探讨M-GSI和M-GS2在提高植物N素利用效率上的作用奠定了基础.     

依据地面激光扫描数据的杉木材积建模与造材

杉木是中国南方重要的用材树种和造林树种,杉木人工林的复合经营不仅能够提供经济价值也能够改善单一化种植导致的生态问题,为该树种建立合适的一元材积表、计算材种出材率能有助于复合经营方式的精准决策。以广西国有高峰林场为研究区,采用地面激光扫描技术获取立木点云数据,提取并计算立木参数,建立一元材积模型和削度模型,编制一元材积表和材种出材率表。结果表明：激光点云所提取的胸径与实测胸径所拟合的线性模型斜率为0.992 1,R²为0.982 1;研究区最优杉木一元材积模型为指数模型,该模型R²为0.956 3,总相对误差和平均系统误差均在±5%以内,编制一元材积表可用于研究区杉木的立木材积估计;研究区最优杉木削度方程为改进4参数的Schumacher模型,模型的R²为0.936 8,并以单木结果推算林地单位面积平均径级材种出材量并编制材积表。     

Extracellular and Intracellular Calcium both Involved in the Jasmonic Acid Induced Calcium Mobilization in Arabidopsis thaliana

The objective of this experiment is to evaluate the role of intracellular and extracellular Ca2＋ and calmodulin （CAM） in jasmonic acid （JA） signaling. The laser scanning microscopy was used to detect the changes of [Ca2＋]cyt of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf cells which pretreated with different types of calcium channel blocker. Moreover, the expression of VSP, one of JA response genes, was also investigated after pretreated with the above blocker and antagonist of CaM. The results showed that extracellular and intracellular calcium both involved in the JA-induced Ca2＋ mobilization, and then Ca2＋ exerted its functions through activating the CaM or CaM related proteins. The apoplast calcium influx and the calcium release from the calcium stores are both involved in the JA-induced calcium mobilization, then the JA-induced Ca2＋ transmited the JA signal through CaM or CaM related proteins, and regulated the JA responsive genes.