乌鲁木齐地区荷斯坦奶牛不同泌乳天数及胎次产奶量校正系数的研究

本研究收集了乌鲁木齐农垦乳业集团五一农场奶牛场1989～1996年1552个泌乳期的荷斯坦奶牛原始产奶记录,依据中国荷斯坦牛的泌乳生理特点及其规律性,运用SPSS10.0统计分析软件,建立了不同泌乳天数各胎次产奶量的回归方程,1～6胎经显著性检验差异极显著(P<0.01)。分别求出了总体及不同泌乳天数各胎次产奶量的校正系数,并制定出其速查表。     

牛初乳粉片混合工艺的优化研究

为提高牛初乳粉片的混合工艺的混合均匀度,采用响应面试验设计优化混合工艺参数。在单因素试验的基础上,确定采用投料方式Ⅲ,以混合时间、装载系数为主要影响因素,以混合均匀度为响应值,采用响应面法对混合工艺参数进行优化。结果表明:牛初乳粉片混合工艺最优参数为:混合时间15 min,装载系数35%,混合均匀度为94.68%,与模型预测的理论值96.52%均比较接近。采用响应面分析优化得到的牛初乳粉片混合工艺参数具有可行性和可靠性,可用于实际操作。     

我国粮食主产区秸秆资源量估算与利用

2011年国家发改委、农业部、财政部联合印发了《十二五农作物秸秆综合利用实施方案》,提出在十二五期间在13个粮食主产区等重点区域开展秸秆综合利用技术。本文通过选取各省区分类的秸秆系数对各粮食主产区近年来的秸秆资源量进行估算,并对粮食主产区的秸秆利用的现状和问题进行分析。一、秸秆资源量估算存在的问题我国是农业生产大国,有着丰富的作物秸秆,随着国家对作物秸秆资源综合利用的重视,秸秆资源量也将逐渐成为农业生产的产量目标。目前对于秸秆资源量的估算一般存在以     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

罹患口腔炎乌苏里蝮的相关生理学指标分析

口腔炎是人工养殖蛇类的常见病之一,为了深入了解和尽早做好预防工作,对罹患口腔炎的成年雄蛇乌苏里蝮(Gloydius ussuriensis)进行解剖观察,并检测了相关器官的系数、血液学指标和激素等。结果表明:整体肥满度、躯体肥满度、肾系数等数值罹患口腔炎蛇略高于健康蛇;而肝系数、精巢系数和脂肪体系数等罹患口腔炎的蛇低于健康雄蛇,且前两者呈显著性差异,后者呈极显著性差异。性激素检测结果显示罹患口腔炎的蛇血液睾酮和雌二醇含量均低于健康蛇,且均具极显著性差异。血细胞指标中,红细胞数量、红细胞分布均差、白细胞总数、淋巴细胞数量和淋巴细胞比率等均为罹患口腔炎的蛇高于健康雄蛇,且具显著性差异,但嗜中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的比值(NLR)、中性粒细胞数量和比率、中间细胞数量及其比率均为患口腔炎的雄蛇低于健康蛇,且具显著性差异。结论:口腔炎不仅影响了主要代谢器官的器官系数的变化,而且血液多项指标和性激素水平也有明显差异。性激素含量的变化将对乌苏里蝮的正常生殖繁育产生不可忽视的影响。另外,NLR和红细胞分布宽度2个血常规指标可作为早期诊断炎症发生的首选参数。     

马、骡蹄角质某些物理性能的测定

对马(20)、骡(10)蹄角质的测定结果表明,硬度、弹性,抗张强度、弹性模量均为蹄壁>蹄底>蹄叉;蹄底的磨耗大于蹄壁;蹄壁的磨擦系数大于蹄底;蹄壁纵向拉伸的抗张强度大于其横向拉伸,强度越大其伸长率越小;在相同压力下,蹄壁侧压弹性模量值大于纵压值,而蹄底侧压模量值则小于纵压值;蹄角质在材料力学上表现为一种各向异性的特点。作者认为,马、骡蹄角质物理性能的差异与蹄病的发生密切相关。     

中国地方猪种间的核型似近系数

计算了１６个中国地方猪种的核型似近系数，采用最短距离法进行了系统聚类。结果表明，各猪种间的核型似近系数在０．８９１３—０．９８７８之间，反映出中国猪种在核型上的高度稳定性和高度相似性。在核型上，华中型猪种更倾向于江海型；华南型更接近于西南型。     

氮肥运筹对杂交苏丹草产量饲用品质及再生系数的影响

采用大田小区栽培试验,研究了氮肥对杂交苏丹草产量和饲用营养品质及再生系数的影响。结果表明,杂交苏丹草干物质总产量氮肥处理显著高于对照,N4处理最高,相同的施氮量分次施用比一次性施用增产效果好。氮肥处理粗蛋白(CP)含量均高于对照,头茬草CP含量最高,随收获次数增加,CP含量降低,分次施肥处理施氮量增加,CP含量降低。对照处理粗灰分(CA)含量最高,随收获次数增加CA和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量降低,无氮浸出物(NFE)含量升高。杂交苏丹草5大营养成分产量均是N4处理最高,对照最低,CP产量顺序是N4>N1>N2>N3>N0,3次收获的粗脂肪(EE)、CA、ADF、NFE总产量,均是肥料分次施用比一次性施用的处理高。各氮肥处理总能量(GE)均高于对照,其中N4处理最高,其次是N2处理,分次施肥的处理有利于总能量的增加。再生系数表现为相同施氮量分次施用处理高于一次性施用的处理,N4处理可使杂交苏丹草再生系数达到最大。比较发现,生产上采用N4(600 kg/hm2,底肥∶追肥=1∶2)处理可获得高产优质的牧草。