西狭文化旅游形象三重结构整合

西狭文化旅游资源是甘肃成县旅游开发的优势资源。由于对西狭文化理解上的不全面 ,导致西狭文化旅游区的建设存在一系列偏差 ,旅游形象不突出。文章提出了西狭文化旅游形象的三重结构整合的思路 ,即文化结构整合、空间结构整合与景观结构整合 ;并且认为 :文化结构整合是西狭文化旅游形象三重结构整合的前提、基础 ;空间结构整合是由文化结构整合向景观结构整合的过渡 ,而景观结构整合是西狭文化旅游形象三重结构整合的关键。     

核盘菌在亚麻上侵染致病的微观过程

 第1次利用电子显微镜对核盘菌在亚麻叶片上侵染致病的微观过程进行深入细致的观察。结果表明,该菌在侵入叶表面之前可能产生某些酶类物质来软化溶解亚麻叶表面角质层,以帮助该菌对叶表面的侵入。本文还对菌丝和子囊孢子侵染过程的异同进行了比较。     

最大似然识别绿化树种休斯现象规避

最大似然在高维、多源数据分类中易发生休斯现象,其卓越的分类性能不能充分展现。通过提取WorldView-2影像前3主成分的24个纹理特征,构造高维数据,以树种分类为例,提出了利用递归特征消除筛选重要纹理特征,降低数据维数,实现最大似然休斯现象规避的方法。结果表明:在消除5个纹理特征后,最大似然的休斯现象基本得到解除,在消除8个纹理特征后,休斯现象达到了最大解除;休斯现象解除后树种分类的最高总体精度为81.166 4%,Kappa系数为0.779 9,总体精度和Kappa较基于光谱特征的高7.095 1%和0.082 5。递归特征消除可避开、克服最大似然分类中的休斯现象,可使最大似然分类器在高维数据中充分展现其分类性能。     

基于混合蛙跳算法的马铃薯病害图像分割优化

针对Otsu算法对直方图呈现多峰多谷的复杂马铃薯病害图像分割效果不佳的问题,结合混合蛙跳算法(shuffled frog leaping algorithm,SFLA)提出了一种Otsu-SFLA分割优化模型,将Otsu病害图像的分割结果作为SFLA算法的优化起点,进行复杂背景的马铃薯病害图像的分割优化,将马铃薯叶枯病、马铃薯晚疫病、马铃薯菌核病、马铃薯根腐线虫病、马铃薯灰霉病的病害图像作为分割对象进行分割,分割匹配率分别为97.0%、96.2%、96.9%、95.7%、94.8%,平均分割匹配率为96.1%,错误率分别为1.6%、1.1%、1.2%、1.1%、1.4%、平均错误率为1.3%,正确率分别为95.4%、95.1%、95.7%、94.6%、93.4%,平均正确率为94.8%,表明Otsu-SFLA模型可有效从复杂马铃薯病害图像中获取病斑区域。     

Amoebic gill disease: sequential pathology in cultured Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L

Amoebic gill disease (AGD) affects the marine culture phase of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Tasmania. Here, we describe histopathological observations of AGD from smolts, sampled weekly, following transfer to estuarine/marine sites. AGD was initially detected histologically at week 13 post-transfer while gross signs were not observed for a further week post-transfer. Significant increases (P < 0.001) in the proportion of affected gill filaments occurred at weeks 18 and 19 post-transfer coinciding with the cessation of a halocline and increased water temperature at the cage sites. The progression of AGD histopathology, during the sampling period, was characterized by three phases. (1) Primary attachment/interaction associated with extremely localized host cellular alterations, juxtaposed to amoebae, including epithelial desquamation and oedema. (2) Innate immune response activation and initial focal hyperplasia of undifferentiated epithelial cells. (3) Finally, lesion expansion, squamation-stratification of epithelia at lesion surfaces and variable recruitment of mucous cells to these regions. A pattern of preferential colonization of amoebae at lesion margins was apparent during stage 3 of disease development. Together, these data suggest that AGD progression was linked to retraction of the estuarine halocline and increases in water temperature. The host response to gill infection with Neoparamoeba sp. is characterized by a focal fortification strategy concurrent with a migration of immunoregulatory cells to lesion-affected regions.     

基于多进制小波变换及多维纹理特征的遥感影像融合方法

探讨了基于多进制小波变换与多维纹理特征融合相结合的遥感影像融合方法。在融合过程中,首先对高分辨率全色影像和多光谱影像进行多进制小波分解,再联合提取局部方差、局部梯度、局部能量和局部信息熵4维纹理特征,将高分辨率影像的高频分量分别与多光谱影像的高频分量以多维纹理特征进行多判据联合方法融合,形成新的高频分量,然后与多光谱影像的低频分量进行多进制小波逆变换,最后经 RGB合成为彩色影像。试验选取淮南矿区SPOT 10 m与TM 30 m空间分辨率影像,从目视判读（定性评价）、地物光谱曲线分析、定量评价指标三方面对融合方法进行了评价。结果表明,该方法既保留了原影像的光谱信息,同时也改善了影像的清晰度和分辨率,利用融合后的影像进行矿区土地利用变化监测,效果明显提高。     

基于语义相关的面向对象林地信息提取

基于地物间的语义相关关系,结合面向对象的影像分析技术,提出了适用于高分辨率影像的林地信息提取方法,包括影像分割和林地信息提取2大步骤;并以福州市2003年6月成像的IKONOS卫星影像数据为例进行了林地信息提取实验。结果表明:①通过模糊和最近邻2种分类技术分别完成植被、林地信息的提取,提高了提取过程的合理性;②以面向对象的方式进行信息提取,不仅能避免细节信息的干扰,还能利用影像的纹理信息,这相当于对影像数据进行了优化,提取结果的精度和完整性均得到了提高。     

基于遥感信息和产量形成过程的小麦估产模型

为提高小麦遥感估产的精确性和机理性,在广域环境条件下进行了多品种小麦的种植试验,并基于遥感信息获取的瞬时性与广域性,结合小麦产量形成的生理生态过程及其与气候环境的相互关系,建立了较为简化的小麦估产模型.通过组件化的设计方法实现了遥感信息和估产模型的耦合,即利用抽穗期遥感影像反演的LAI和生物量及时替换小麦估产模型对应参数变量,进而实现对小麦产量的估测.通过试验验证,小麦产量的预测值与实测值较为一致,预测小麦产量的RMSE为354.18 kg·ha-1,利用小麦估产模型可以对不同年份、不同区域的小麦产量形成情况进行监测预报.     

菜豆锈菌侵染过程的显微和超微观察

 本文报道了通过微分干涉衬显微镜、荧光显微镜及扫描电镜和透射电镜所观察到的菜豆锈菌的侵入和扩展过程。菜豆锈菌夏孢子萌发多产生1个芽管,偶尔也产生双芽管。芽管以气孔侵入为主,也可从表皮直接侵入。侵入前形成或不形成明显的附着胞。气孔侵入的芽管首先在气孔腔内形成气孔下囊,再进一步分化出圆形的膨大体,由膨大体产生1~2支初生菌丝。初生菌丝与叶肉细胞壁接触后分化出吸器母细胞,吸器母细胞进入叶肉细胞内部形成吸器。初生侵染菌丝在产生吸器母细胞的部位的后部产生分枝,形成次生侵染菌丝在叶肉细胞间蔓延。     

Analysis of Spectral Characteristics Based on Optical Remote Sensing and SAR Image Fusion

Because of cloudy and rainy weather in south China, optical remote sens-ing images often can＇t be obtained easily. With the regional trial results in Baoying, Jiangsu province, this paper explored the fusion model and effect of ENVISAT/SAR and HJ-1A satel ite multispectral remote sensing images. Based on the ARSIS strat-egy, using the wavelet transform and the Interaction between the Band Structure Model （IBSM）, the research progressed the ENVISAT satel ite SAR and the HJ-1A satel ite CCD images wavelet decomposition, and low/high frequency coefficient re-construction, and obtained the fusion images through the inverse wavelet transform. In the light of low and high-frequency images have different characteristics in differ-ent areas, different fusion rules which can enhance the integration process of self-adaptive were taken, with comparisons with the PCA transformation, IHS transfor-mation and other traditional methods by subjective and the corresponding quantita-tive evaluation. Furthermore, the research extracted the bands and NDVI values around the fusion with GPS samples, analyzed and explained the fusion effect. The results showed that the spectral distortion of wavelet fusion, IHS transform, PCA transform images was 0.101 6, 0.326 1 and 1.277 2, respectively and entropy was 14.701 5, 11.899 3 and 13.229 3, respectively, the wavelet fusion is the highest. The method of wavelet maintained good spectral capability, and visual effects while improved the spatial resolution, the information interpretation effect was much better than other two methods.