光照分布不均的米粒数目统计

通过对光照不均匀的米粒灰度图像进行最佳阈值分割和特征提取,获得对米粒数目的自动检测方法。该方法具有较强的光照分布不均和面积大小适应性。经仿真试验,检测结果可以达到97%以上。同时,相较于同类算法,该方法算法简单,运行时间较短。     

基于Snake模型的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法的研究

[目的]建立基于Snake模型的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法.[方法]在matlab编程环境下,以3种常见水稻灯诱害虫（大螟、二化螟和直纹稻弄蝶）不同姿态图像为研究对象,提出了基于贪婪算法的Snake模型水稻灯诱害虫轮廓提取方法.[结果]首先选择不同姿态害虫的初始轮廓和能量权重;其次采用贪婪算法成功提取不同种类、不同姿态的水稻灯诱害虫轮廓;最后设计了GUI操作界面.[结论]该模型为带有虫体残缺、姿态各异的灯诱害虫形态特征提取提供了参考.     

兔骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及肝内示踪

通过分离培养兔骨髓来源的间充质干细胞(MSCs),示踪其肝内移植命运,为MSCs的细胞治疗肝脏疾病提供理论依据和试验支持.采取全骨髓贴壁培养法分离培养兔骨髓MSCs,利用携带增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的慢病毒载体感染MSCs,选择最优转染效率,并移植入经D-氨基半乳糖诱导的急性/亚急性肝衰竭受体兔体内,荧光显微镜下...     

SCINTIGRAPHIC TRACKING OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AFTER PORTAL,SYSTEMIC INTRAVENOUS AND SPLENIC ADMINISTRATION IN HEALTHY BEAGLE DOGS

Mesenchymal stem cells have been proposed to treat liver disease in the dog. The objective of this study was to compare portal, systemic intravenous and splenic injections for administration of mesenchymal stem cells to target the liver in healthy beagle dogs. Four healthy beagle dogs were included in the study. Each dog received mesenchymal stem cells via all three delivery methods in randomized order, 1 week apart. Ten million fat‐derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells labeled with Technetium‐99m (99mTc)‐hexamethyl‐propylene amine oxime(HMPAO) were used for each injection. Right lateral, left lateral, ventral, and dorsal scintigraphic images were obtained with a gamma camera equipped with a low‐energy all‐purpose collimator immediately after injection and 1, 6, and 24 h later. Mesenchymal stem cells distribution was assessed subjectively using all four views. Pulmonary, hepatic, and splenic uptake was quantified from the right lateral view, at each time point. Portal injection resulted in diffuse homogeneous high uptake through the liver, whereas the systemic intravenous injection led to mesenchymal stem cell trapping in the lungs. After splenic injection, mild splenic retention and high homogeneous diffuse hepatic uptake were observed. Systemic injection of mesenchymal stem cells may not be a desirable technique for liver therapy due to pulmonary trapping. Splenic injection represents a good alternative to portal injection. Scintigraphic tracking with 99mTc‐HMPAO is a valuable technique for assessing mesenchymal stem cells distribution and quantification shortly after administration. Data obtained at 24 h should be interpreted cautiously due to suboptimal labeling persistence.     

无线电追踪技术在地下啮齿动物研究中的应用

营地下生活的啮齿动物被誉为陆地生态系统的工程师,但其长期栖居于地下的生活习性难以被人们直接观察,给动物行为学和生态生物学等研究带来了挑战。随着科学技术的发展,无线电技术的小型化和轻量化为地下啮齿动物研究提供了可行性。国外学者已成功将无线电追踪技术应用于对地下啮齿动物洞道系统、活动节律、巢域面积变化以及社群制度等的研究。但国内将其应用于地下啮齿动物研究的较少。本文根据目前国内外研究现状,对无线追踪技术的研究内容和研究方法进行综述,以期为我国地下啮齿类研究提供参考。     

Tissue Doppler Imaging and Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking of Left Ventricular Function in Horses Affected with Recurrent Airway Obstruction before and after Clenbuterol Treatment

Cardiac effects of the β₂-adrenergic agent clenbuterol have been the focus of many studies, but effects on myocardial velocities and myocardial deformation parameters have not yet been evaluated in horses affected with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and two-dimensional speckle tracking (2DST). In our study, 7 horses affected by RAO were treated over 14 days with clenbuterol, 0.8 μg/kg every 12 hours. Standard echocardiographic, TDI (pulsed wave and color TDI), and 2DST examinations were performed before and after the treatment period. Myocardial function was recorded in the right parasternal short-axis view. Percent of fractional shortening and two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) measurements did not show any significant changes after 2 weeks of treatment. Early diastolic velocity, E, increased significantly after clenbuterol in the left ventricular free wall (LVFW; P = .001). The E/late diastolic velocity (A) quotient (P = .003) and the isovolumetric contractility (P = .035) also increased significantly after treatment. Time parameters, particularly the time interval between the Q-wave in the echocardiograph and atrial release, the time of diastole and Tei index (parameter of global ventricular function), decreased significantly after clenbuterol administration in the LVFW (P = .014/P = .028/P = .015, respectively). The 2DE speckle tracking revealed a significant increase of the early diastolic systolic strain rate (P = .01) in the LVFW after therapy. In conclusion, 2 weeks of treatment with clenbuterol at a dosage of 0.8 μg/kg every 12 hours led to improved cardiac function in severely RAO-affected horses. This could be a sign of myocardial restoration (re-remodeling) after therapy.     

Video tracking analysis of behavioral patterns during estrus in goats

Here, we report a new method for measuring behavioral patterns during estrus in goats based on video tracking analysis. Data were collected from cycling goats, which were in estrus (n = 8) or not in estrus (n = 8). An observation pen (2.5 m × 2.5 m) was set up in the corner of the female paddock with one side adjacent to a male paddock. The positions and movements of goats were tracked every 0.5 sec for 10 min by using a video tracking software, and the trajectory data were used for the analysis. There were no significant differences in the durations of standing and walking or the total length of movement. However, the number of approaches to a male and the duration of staying near the male were higher in goats in estrus than in goats not in estrus. The proposed evaluation method may be suitable for detailed monitoring of behavioral changes during estrus in goats.     

基于改进DeepSORT的群养生猪行为识别与跟踪方法

为改善猪只重叠与遮挡造成的猪只身份编号（Identity,ID）频繁跳变,在YOLO v5s检测算法基础上,提出了改进DeepSORT行为跟踪算法。该算法改进包括两方面：一针对特定场景下猪只数量稳定的特点,改进跟踪算法的轨迹生成与匹配过程,降低ID切换次数,提升跟踪稳定性;二将YOLO v5s检测算法中的行为类别信息引入跟踪算法中,在跟踪中实现准确的猪只行为识别。实验结果表明,在目标检测方面,YOLO v5s的mAP为99.3%,F1值为98.7%。在重识别方面,实验的Top-1准确率达到99.88%。在跟踪方面,改进DeepSORT算法的MOTA为91.9%,IDF1为89.2%,IDS为33;与DeepSORT算法对比,MOTA和IDF1分别提升了1.0、16.9个百分点,IDS下降了83.8%。改进DeepSORT算法在群养环境下能够实现稳定ID的猪只行为跟踪,能够为无接触式的生猪自动监测提供技术支持。     

Accuracy of the TurfTrax Racing Data System for determination of equine speed and position

Reasons for performing study: The speed and position data collected by TurfTrax Racing Data Limited during UK Thoroughbred racing have potential to benefit equine science and welfare. The size (the 2006 data set alone consists of 30,932 individual horse starts across 2667 races) and nature (speed and 2D position for each horse at 4 updates per second) of the data make it a unique resource for questions in equine safety, welfare, performance, and animal locomotion. Objective: To determine the accuracy of the TurfTrax tracking system in estimating the speed and position of horses during racing. Methods: Measurements from the TurfTrax wireless tracking system were compared with those of a survey‐grade global positioning system (GPS) receiver. Results: The TurfTrax system was found to give position measurements to within ± 11 and ± 64 cm in the fore‐aft and lateral directions, respectively, averaging ± 38 cm (interquartile range) and speed to within 0.15 m/s. Potential relevance: The data collected by the TurfTrax system are of sufficient accuracy to inform new diagnoses, training regimens and basic locomotor scientific studies. The position data can provide the precise distance, going, inclination, rate of turn and pack positioning through which each horse has raced. The speed profile can be used to examine the level of exertion, effect of training regimens and influence of racecourse features on performance. A first clinical application would be to analyse retrospectively these factors on occurrence of injury to compare with past training regimens, levels of exertion, and/or racecourse conditions.