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排序方式: 共有112条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A calibration method of detecting soil water content based on the information-sharing in wireless sensor network 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Rong-biao ZhangJing-jing Guo Lei ZhangYe-cheng Zhang Li-hong WangQi Wang 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,76(2):161-168
In agricultural production, there is contradiction between the cost and accuracy of detection during the course of acquiring soil water content (θ) online. This conflict is one of the core issues of automatic water-saving irrigation technology in agriculture. At the same time, capacitive soil moisture sensor (CSMS) has received considerable attention, for it can acquire θ with low cost and high precision, and meet the application requirements of wireless sensor network (WSN). But CSMS is vulnerable to the soil temperature (Ts) and salinity (Ss) in the measurement process. Therefore, this study took EC-5 sensor for example to establish water detection calibration models of soil temperature and salinity for single sensor, using Least Squares Support Vector Machines on MatLAB (LS-SVMlab) as the tool. On this basis, we explored the spatial variability of Ts and Ss, and then a method, which could be used to calibrate the output signals of sensors in multi-point network, was proposed based on the information-sharing (Ts or Ss) technology of WSN. Through laboratory experiment, we effectively reduced the impact of soil temperature and salinity on the single sensor. In example analysis, we investigated the detection precision and costs under different information-sharing radiuses (r). And the results indicated that the method we proposed based on the information-sharing technology of WSN could successfully calibrate the influence of soil temperature and salinity on sensors in multi-point network, and it was an efficacious approach to determine the balance between the calibration accuracy of moisture sensor and the investment of agricultural production. For example, while the calibration precision of soil temperature and salinity is respectively 1%, the costs can be reduced by 30%. 相似文献
2.
[目的]温室环境条件特别是温度对于作物生长和发育具有十分显著的影响。日光温室调控的主要环境因子之一是温度。然而,自然环境下的光照对温度产生作用,影响空气温度的监测精度。大多温度传感要求将传感器置于避光处,然而实际应用中难以保证。[方法]采用机器学习中的支持向量机算法(SVM),对日光温室内的温度智能监测算法进行了研究,根据光照情况对实时监测的温度数据进行校准。[结果]通过与实验测量的数据进行对比分析,结果表明,所提出的监测方法可以较为准确地实时监测空气温度,从而无需使用隔热材料或者遮阳处理,就可以基于监测的数据更精确地对相应的环境因素进行调节。[结论]基于该方法,可采用常用的工业设备实现温室大棚内实时温度数据的监测,既可以节约设备和人力成本,又可以为温室控制提供准确的数据。 相似文献
3.
Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) estimations require accurate measurements of meteorological variables (solar radiation, air temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity) which are not available in many countries of the world. Alternative approaches are the use of Class A pan evaporimeters and atmometers, which have several advantages compared to meteorological stations: they are simple, inexpensive and provide a visual interpretation of ET0. The objectives of the study were to compare the evaporation from atmometers (ETgage) with the evapotranspiration estimated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation (ET0PM) and to evaluate the variability between three modified atmometers of a commercial model. Comparison between daily ETgage measured by the atmometer and ET0PM showed a good correlation. However, ETgage underestimated ET0PM by approximately 9%. Differences between ETgage and ET0PM ranged from −2.4 to 2.2 mm d−1 while the mean bias error was −0.41 mm d−1. Underestimations occurred more frequently on days with low maximum temperatures and high wind speeds. On the contrary, atmometer overestimations occurred on days with high maximum temperatures and low wind speeds. Estimates of ET0 using the atmometer appeared to be more accurate under non-windy conditions and moderate temperatures as well as under windy conditions and high temperatures. Atmometers 2 and 3 overestimated the evaporated water by atmometer 1 with a maximum variability of cumulative water losses of 4.5%. A temperature-based calibration was performed to improve the atmometer accuracy, using maximum temperature as an independent variable, with good results. 相似文献
4.
为解决ABS逻辑门限值方法匹配成本高、周期长的问题,将制动器耗散功率原理应用于匹配中.结合逻辑门限值与制动器耗散功率的各自优点,将制动器耗散功率原理能自适应识别各种路面状况的特点应用于匹配中;根据制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率略小于临界滑移率且相差不大的原理,采用制动器耗散功率极大值对应的滑移率代替峰值附着系数对应的滑移率对ABS进行控制;滑移率与制动器耗散功率曲线获得较为简单,因此可以大大提高匹配效率.经过实车匹配验证,本方法提高了匹配效率和控制质量,节约了匹配成本. 相似文献
5.
近红外光谱技术在农作物品质分析方面的应用 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
近红外光谱分析技术是近年来迅猛发展起来的高新技术,由于其在测量方面具有快速、非破坏性等优点,已被广泛应用。在此,首先介绍了近红外光谱技术及其分析过程(定标和预测),而后又总结了其在小麦、玉米、稻米及油料作物等农作物品质方面的应用。 相似文献
6.
7.
在生物芯片上通过测量微(纳)电极阻抗值以诊断溶液中禽流感病毒,是目前禽流感病毒快速检测的方向之一.以AD5933高精度阻抗转换芯片为核心测量芯片,以ATmega16单片机为控制器,通过外围电路设计和调试,研制激励频率范围1~100 kHz、测量阻抗范围1~1 000 kΩ的阻抗测试仪,通过液晶实时显示扫频和定点测量结果.为保证测试仪的准确性,设计了带有35组不同阻抗组合的校正网络,用以实时校正.经精度为0.2%的商品化阻抗测试仪标定,所研制的原理性装置容抗测量精度达3%,通过进一步改进后可以满足使用要求. 相似文献
8.
近红外透射光谱技术测定黍稷蛋白含量的研究(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]探索快速测定完整黍稷籽粒蛋白含量的方法。[方法]采用近红外光谱分析技术建立数学模型并进行预测,比较原始透射光谱经导数处理结合不同回归算法对模型的影响。[结果]分别经一阶和二阶导数处理后利用偏小二乘法和改进的偏小二乘法,4 种方法的分析效果相近,最优的是一阶导数结合改进的偏最小二乘回归法,黍稷蛋白定标模型的定标相关系数(RSQ)为0.880 6,定标标准误差(SEC)为0.342 4,交互定标标准误差(SECV)为 0.375 1,外部预测标准误差(SEP)为 0.454。[结论]以完整黍稷籽粒为样品所建立的蛋白 NITS 模型,可以用于黍稷蛋白含量的快速检测。 相似文献
9.
轮胎试验台的力与力矩测试精度直接影响到轮胎数据的准确性,应用多体动力学理论对所研发的平板式六自由度低速轮胎试验台进行研究,分析了该试验台姿态控制的机理,推导出试验台轮胎六分力解算公式,并用abaqus有限元软件验证其准确性。然后对设计加工出的试验台进行标定,结果表明:3个方向的力吻合较好,但是力矩并不特别理想。经合理分析假设,试验台6个电缸铰支的硬点实际安装中存在空间的偏差,对其进行辨识优化分析,结果表明:优化后三方向的力及力矩与标定值吻合的精度符合要求,力的精度高于0.75%,力矩精度可达1%左右,证明了铰支安装偏差的假设是合理的,也体现出该轮胎试验台在测试精度上的优势。 相似文献
10.
G.B. Senay 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(4):606-618
Evapotranspiration (ET) can be derived from satellite data using surface energy balance principles. METRIC (Mapping EvapoTranspiration at high Resolution with Internalized Calibration) is one of the most widely used models available in the literature to estimate ET from satellite imagery. The Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model is much easier and less expensive to implement. The main purpose of this research was to present an enhanced version of the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) model and to evaluate its performance using the established METRIC model. In this study, SSEB and METRIC ET fractions were compared using 7 Landsat images acquired for south central Idaho during the 2003 growing season. The enhanced SSEB model compared well with the METRIC model output exhibiting an r2 improvement from 0.83 to 0.90 in less complex topography (elevation less than 2000 m) and with an improvement of r2 from 0.27 to 0.38 in more complex (mountain) areas with elevation greater than 2000 m. Independent evaluation showed that both models exhibited higher variation in complex topographic regions, although more with SSEB than with METRIC. The higher ET fraction variation in the complex mountainous regions highlighted the difficulty of capturing the radiation and heat transfer physics on steep slopes having variable aspect with the simple index model, and the need to conduct more research. However, the temporal consistency of the results suggests that the SSEB model can be used on a wide range of elevation (more successfully up 2000 m) to detect anomalies in space and time for water resources management and monitoring such as for drought early warning systems in data scarce regions. SSEB has a potential for operational agro-hydrologic applications to estimate ET with inputs of surface temperature, NDVI, DEM and reference ET. 相似文献