Effect of nitrogen on microstructure and properties of SWRH82B wire rod

The microstructure, mechanical properties, tensile fractures and the precipitation of the second phase of vanadium microalloyed wire rods with different nitrogen contents are studied by hydraulic universal testing machine, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) . The results show that the interlamellar spacing of pearlite is smaller in high nitrogen steel; the high nitrogen steel has higher yield strength, tensile strength and lower elongation and reduction of area; there are more inclusions on the tensile fracture surfaces of the high nitrogen steel; and in high nitrogen steel, the size of precipitation, mainly precipitating at dislocation or the boundary of austenite, is finer than that of low nitrogen steel, what is more, fine V(C,N) particles are concluded in the precipitations.     

火灾后预应力混凝土连续板力学性能试验与分析

完成了7块火灾后两跨无黏结预应力混凝土单向连续板受力性能试验.基于试验结果,拟合出火灾后预应力混凝土连续板中无黏结筋剩余应力、极限应力的计算公式,提出了火灾后预应力混凝土连续板正截面承载力计算公式.根据火灾下温度场分布沿板厚方向将截面分条带,引入火灾后钢筋、混凝土本构关系,基于截面轴力、弯矩平衡,获得了火灾下预应力混凝土板任意截面的弯矩-曲率关系全曲线.基于支座变形协调方程,可用割线刚度法对支座反力进行迭代求解,计算板在外荷载(曲率荷载)与支座反力共同作用下的弯矩、挠度和支座位移,进而对截面曲率积分可求得连续板的变形.试验结果表明:初始有效应力越高、受火时间越长,火灾后连续板预应力钢丝应力损失越严重;保护层厚度越小、受火时间越长、荷载水平越大,火灾后板跨中截面承载力降低幅度越大;受火时间越长、荷载水平越大,板中支座截面承载力降低幅度越大.     

A cross‐taxa assessment of pelagic longline by‐catch mitigation measures: conflicts and mutual benefits to elasmobranchs

Elasmobranch mortality in pelagic longline fisheries poses a risk to some populations, alters the distribution of abundance between sympatric competitors, changing ecosystem structure, processes and stability. Individual and synergistic effects on elasmobranch catch and survival from pelagic longline gear factors, including methods prescribed to mitigate bycatch of other vulnerable taxa, were determined. Overall relative risk of higher circle vs. J‐shaped hook shark catch rates conditioned on potentially informative moderators, from 30 studies, was estimated using an inverse‐precision weighted mixed‐effects meta‐regression modelling approach. Sharks had a 1.20 times (95% CI: 1.03–1.39) significantly higher pooled relative risk of capture on circle hooks, with two significant moderators. The pooled relative risk estimate of ray circle hook catch from 15 studies was not significant (RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.89–1.66) with no significant moderators. From a literature review, wire leaders had higher shark catch and haulback mortality than monofilament. Interacting effects of hook, bait and leader affect shark catch rates: hook shape and width and bait type determine hooking position and ability to sever monofilament leaders. Circle hooks increased elasmobranch catch, but reduced haulback mortality and deep hooking relative to J‐shaped hooks of the same or narrower width. Using fish vs. squid for bait increased shark catch and deep hooking. Pelagic stingray (Pteroplatytrygon violacea) catch and mortality were lower on wider hooks. Using circle instead of J‐shaped hooks and fish instead of squid for bait, while benefitting sea turtles, odontocetes and possibly seabirds, exacerbates elasmobranch catch and injury, therefore warranting fishery‐specific assessments to determine relative risks.     

小电流接地选线装置的改进

针对66kV及以下电网中普遍应用的小电流接地选线设备存在的问题,分别从软硬件两方面分析原因,并制定出相应的改进措施。经验证试验证明,改进后的选线装置系统的软硬件工作效能大大提高,能有效确保电网系统的安全稳定运行。     

BWZ-250/50型泡沫水泵增压装置在煤田地质勘探中的应用

首次采用自行研制的配套泡沫灌注系统在福建东中煤矿进行了金刚石泡沫绳索取心钻探试验，该灌注系统设计孔深为1000m。通过对泡沫堵漏机理的分析说明了泡沫在漏失地层钻探中的可行性，对现场实例分析了试验中获得的钻进时效，从而探讨了影响压降的几个关键问题。基本摸索了煤田泡沫金刚石绳索取心钻进的基本钻进工艺参数。     

Real-time System to Measure the Length of Steel Wire Rope

In measuring the steel wire rope, the key problem is to detect and eliminate the measure error for wheel spin. In order to measure the length of steel wire rope precisely, the velocity ratio of the wheel of steel wire rope and driving windlass is adopted for detecting wheel spin and the accumulated pulse error is also adopted to eliminate the round off error. Phase zero is used to remove the jam pulse of electromagnetism. The result shows the system works reliably and the measure error is less than 0.2%.     

Dental bridging as a treatment for large oral fistulae in two horses

Chronic orocutaneous, oronasal, or orosinus fistulae can be challenging to repair. This report describes placement of a dental bridge as a treatment for oral fistulae and outcome in two horses. A 12-year-old, Westphalian gelding was presented for nasal discharge because of an oromaxillary fistula after dental repulsion of the Triadan 209 4 years earlier. The second case, a 5-year-old Oldenburg mare was presented for an orocutaneous fistula 7 weeks after dental repulsion of the Triadan 208. Both were treated by placing an 8-shaped cerclage wire, inserted through the rostral and caudal interdental spaces and crossing at the level of the missing tooth. Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was then used to seal the fistula. No significant complications occurred during or after the surgery. In both cases clinical signs did not recur. In the first case the dental bridge is currently (5 years after the intervention) in place. In Case 2 the construction was removed after 1.5 years and the fistula had healed completely. This case report suggests that placing a dental bridge composed of cerclage wire and PMMA should be considered as an easy, noninvasive and efficient way to manage large oromaxillary or orocutaneous fistulae.     

淡水鱼的连续式鱼鳞去除方法

为研究连续式鱼鳞的去除方法,以鲢鱼、鳊鱼、鲤鱼为试验对象,提出了一种以弹簧为主要去鳞结构的去鳞刷,并以弹簧外径、去鳞刷转速与去鳞刷直径等为主要因素,通过自制去鳞试验台研究了其对淡水鱼去鳞率和鱼体损伤的影响,表明弹簧外径、去鳞刷直径对淡水鱼去鳞率有显著影响,对鱼体损伤感官评价得分影响不显著,去鳞刷转速对去鳞率和鱼体损伤感官评价得分均有极显著影响。不同种鱼,其各自适宜的弹簧外径、去鳞刷直径与去鳞刷直径有所不同。确定了白鲢去鳞时弹簧外径、去鳞刷转速、去鳞刷直径的最优参数组合,即弹簧外径21 mm、去鳞刷转速1 120 r/min、去鳞刷直径90 mm。该研究可为连续式去鱼鳞机的研制提供依据。     

大型浮顶油罐应力测试及数值模拟

10×10^4m^3浮顶油罐是我国目前广泛采用的大型储油设施,为获得关键部位的应力分布情况,并检验设计的合理性和运行的安全性,对其进行现场充水应力测试并进行有限元模拟计算。采用电测法,将振弦式应变计与电阻应变片结合使用。测试结果表明：罐体在水深为20．2m工况下达到最大工作应力,最大环向应力出现在罐壁3^#板上部和4^#板下部,测试值与模拟计算值基本一致。按分析设计标准对油罐进行评定,结果表明：该油罐设计合理,在正常操作条件下应力水平完全满足强度要求。测试方法及结果可为今后10×10^4m^3及更大体积油罐的设计和测试提供参考。（表3,图6,参13）