Photosynthate Unloading from Seed Coats of Phaseolus vulgaris L. an Attempt to Define Conditions Required for Stimulation by Abscisic Acid and Benzylamino Purine

The instablity of the stimulation of photosynthate unloading from seed coats of Phaseolus vulgaris by abscisic acid (ABA ) and benzylamino purine ( BAP ) was studied in terms of experimental conditions. ABA stimulated photosynthate unloading at pH 6 and pH 8 without close dependence upon pH. ABA at a concentration range of 10-5-10-4 mol/L displayed stimulatory effect. However, BAP revealed no effect at a concentration range of 10-6-10-4 mol/L. Experiments designed with different transport time of 14C-photosynthate indicated that ABA might act at the plasma membrane of the unloading cells. Reducing endogenous ABA level by diminishing leaf area did not facilitate the manifestation of exogenous ABA function. Potassium ion stimulated photosynthate unloading from seed coats with highest promotion at 100 mmol/L K . However, no dependence of ABA stimulation of photosynthate unloading on K was found.     

小麦深施肥播种机应用与效果初探

通过新型的小麦深施肥播种机的应用，实现了小麦深施肥播种，使种、肥分箱不同床，解决了过去化肥对种芽、幼苗的危害问题。达到了节本增效、增产增收的目的。     

向日葵[Helianthus annuus(L.)]白花粉突变体遗传研究初报

向日葵[IIelianlhus anuus (L.)]是我国的重要经济作物。其花粉通常呈深浅程度不同的黄颜色。据我们掌握和查新资料,目前世界上尚未见有关白花粉方面的报道。1989年7月下旬至8月上旬,我们在吉林农业大学向日葵育种试验田的恢复系C8711群体中,先后发现4株白花粉突变体。暂分别定名为C8711—1、C8711—2、C8711—3和C8711—4。在进行人工套袋之前,此4株突变体已经在一定程度上发生了开放授粉,其中C8711—4开放授粉程度较轻。成熟时单独收获这4株突变体的种子,以进行有关遗传学研究,本文拟对白花粉突变的遗传学机理进行初步的探讨。     

奶牛胎儿的父亲对母亲产奶量的影响

用中国黑白花奶牛研究了胎儿的父亲及犊牛初生重对母亲当胎及下一个泌乳期产奶量的影响,结果指出胎儿的父亲对母亲当胎及下一个泌乳期90天和305天的产奶量,都有极显著的影响,各占产奶总变异量的9.4％,15.3％及3.77％(P<0.01)。犊牛初生重对母亲产奶量的影响也显著(P<0.05)。当根据公牛的产奶预期差(PDM)将胎儿的父亲分为两组后,发现差异显著(P<0.05),胎儿父亲的PDM高,胎儿母亲的产奶量也高,因此胎儿母亲产奶量不仅受胎儿重量的影响,也受父亲PDM的影响。     

51个木麻黄地理种源对星天牛抗虫序列的调查研究

本文报道51个木麻黄(Casuarina spp.)地理种源对星天牛(Anoplophora chinensis(Forster))抗性调查和分析的结果。调查获得数据应用IBM—PC计算机进行逐步聚类分析,将51个木麻黄地理种源划分为高感、中抗、高抗和绝抗4个类群,并进行方差分析,结果表明4个类群木麻黄对星天牛的抗性达极显著差异,因此在星天牛发生严重地区可以选择既抗虫、又抗风,生长较好的C_(33)、C_(39)、C_(44)等种源造林。     

Rapid Screening for Aluminum Tolerance in Cereals by Use of the Chlorophyll Fluorescence Test

The effects of aluminum on the photosynthetic apparatus were examined in cereals grown in nutrient solutions (pH 4.5) at two Al levels (0 and 148 μM). The chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics results confirmed that the soft wheat ‘BHG’ cultivar has the potential for growth on acid soils while triticale cultivars ‘Niovi’ and ‘Dada’ appeared to be relatively tolerant. The percentage decrease in F_v/F_m of the less tolerant cultivars after Al-treatment indicated a decrease in the efficiency of the primary photochemistry of PS II, while the decrease in the ratio F_V/F_osuggested that exposure of the cultivars ‘Dio’ and ‘Appulo E’ to aluminum caused injury to the thylakoid structure. The percentage fluctuations of the ratio F_v/F_mwere shown to correlate very closely with the assessment of injury as evaluated by the relative top fresh weight. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence in vivo could be used to monitor injury caused by “Al-stress”, and thus they may serve as a rapid screening test for Al tolerance.     

Variation in Doubled Haploid Plants of Wheat Obtained through Wheat (Triticum aestivum) × Maize (Zea mays) Crosses

Variation was investigated in 110 doubled haploid (DH) lines of wheat derived from wheat × maize crosses. Field observation revealed visible variations in 15 DH2 lines such as extreme dwarfism, low seed fertility, alteration of spike type and stripes. Six agronomic traits, i.e., heading date, spike number/ plant, culm length, spike length, seed fertility and grain weight were statistically analyzed in the DH2 and DH3 generations. Out of the 88 DH2 lines/DH3 groups, 26 %/64 % showed significant differences from the parental variety in the means of one or more traits. Ranges of the DH3 lines were larger than those of the DH2 lines, except for spike number/plant. Furthermore, analyses of variance within and between DH lines showed the presence of heterogeneity/heterozygosity in the DH2 lines/plants. These results indicated the occurrence of gametoclonal variation in the DH lines. It is considered that most of the variations detected were due to the colchicine treatment rather than to the 2,4-D treatment or in vitro culture.     

应用积分GM(1,1)模型进行杉木炭疽病预测预报的研究

以积分生成代替传统的累加生成方法 ,并用双向差分建立积分GM (1,1)灰色预测模型进行杉木炭疽病预测预报的研究 ,结果表明积分GM (1,1)模型能较好地预测杉木炭疽病在三明市的发生