梅花花原基形成期枝叶氨基酸变化及“扣水”的影响

本文研究了梅花花原基形成前后,短枝和叶片中17种氨基酸含量的变化;并就我国一项古老的园艺栽培技艺“扣水促花”对梅花体内氨基酸含量的影响与花原基形成的关系做了初步分析。     

抚河干流浮游动物生物多样性调查及水质评价

对2010年12月与2011年7月抚河干流各监测断面中浮游动物类群的结构组成、优势类群进行了调查,并对抚河干流的水质进行了综合评价,旨在为抚河流域水质保护以及今后开展相关监测研究提供理论依据。结果表明,抚河干流浮游动物共检出4类41种,其中轮虫类最多,共计7科15属23种,占总数的56.10%;枝角类5科6属7种,占17.07%;桡足类与原生动物占26.83%。时间分布上,浮游动物丰度表现为丰水期大于枯水期,其中丰水期轮虫、枝角类、桡足类与原生动物密度分别为256、26、66、16ind/L,枯水期分别为131、8、24、10ind/L。空间分布上呈现中间小、两端大的特点,最大值出现在ST1监测站点李渡镇,最小值出现在ST3监测站点高坪。抚河干流浮游动物数量结构主要由轮虫类组成,生物量结构则主要由桡足类组成。抚河干流水质处于中富营养至富营养状况,为轻度至中度污染,污染最重的是ST3监测点高坪,最轻的是ST7监测站点南丰。     

电阻法在喷灌土壤水分入渗再分布测定中的应用

土壤通常是导电的,其电阻率随其含水量的大小而变化,电阻式土壤水分动态测定仪就是基于这种原理进行测量的。通过土壤电阻率的突变可以判断土壤水分湿润锋到达的时间,不同深度的探头组合就可以分析得出土壤水分入渗速率,可以定量研究土壤水分的入渗过程。田间试验结果表明：喷灌土壤水分入渗时间和入渗深度之间的关系可以表示为对数形式。电阻法测定土壤水分入渗还需要进一步研究。     

完善农民专业合作社财务管理的思考

阐述了农民专业合作社发展过程中财务管理方面存在的问题,分析了其产生的原因,论述了规范农民专业合作社财务管理的必要性,提出了完善农民专业合作社财务管理的若干对策与建议.     

黑龙江科技大学人文地理与城乡规划专业实践教学构建

分析了高校就业形势及黑龙江省对土地利用与管理人才的需求状况,结合当前土地资源管理专业人才培养存在的问题,指出黑龙江科技大学人文地理与城乡规划的土地利用与管理的定位。分析了人文地理与城乡规划实践教学存在的问题,从实践教学的目标定位、能力与技术要求、教学层次、课程体系及实施模式5个方面探讨了实践教学体系的构建问题。     

宁夏引黄灌区退水水质评价研究

针对宁夏引黄灌区退水对地表水体的污染问题,运用灰色聚类法对宁夏灵武试验区西大沟的2个监测断面水质进行了评价.结果表明,灌区退水中氮、磷质量分数超标严重,退水水质受养殖污染、灌水、农业上过量使用化肥等方面的综合影响.应从源头控制入手,通过降低化肥使用量、代替以有机肥和生物肥、调整和优化农村产业结构、发展绿色农业及生态农业...     

资料缺乏地区水功能区纳污能力计算——以都匀市清水江为例

水功能区限制纳污红线的确立是实行最严格水资源管理制度的重要组成部分。然而在河流纳污能力量化的过程中往往因为流量、流速等数据的缺失或不足导致计算结果不够准确。SWAT分布式水文模型可以通过DEM生成河网并结合气象等数据计算出河道的流量和流速,模型的这一优势能够很好地解决目标河道水文资料缺乏的问题。以黔南州都匀市清水江为例,通过构建SWAT模型和一维水质模型计算出该河流各个水功能区的纳污能力,研究结果可为该河流的水污染总量控制提供数据支撑。     

Root growth conditions in the topsoil as affected by tillage intensity

Many studies have reported impeded root growth in topsoil under reduced tillage or direct drilling, but few have quantified the effects on the least limiting water range for root growth. This study explored the effects of tillage intensity on critical soil physical conditions for root growth in the topsoil. Samples were taken from a 7-year tillage experiment on a Danish sandy loam at Foulum, Denmark (56°30′ N, 9°35′ E) in 2008. The main crop was spring barley followed by either dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria L.) or fodder radish (Raphanus sativus L.) cover crops as subtreatment. The tillage treatments were direct drilling (D), harrowing 8-10 cm (H), and ploughing (P) to 20 cm depth. A chisel coulter drill was used in the H and D treatments and a traditional seed drill in the P treatment. Undisturbed soil cores were collected in November 2008 at soil field moisture capacity from the 4-8 and 12-16 cm depths.We estimated the critical aeration limit from either 10% air-filled porosity (ε_a) or relative gas diffusivity (D/D₀) of 0.005 or 0.02 and found a difference between the two methods. The critical limit of soil aeration was best assessed by measuring gas diffusivity directly. Root growth was limited by a high penetration resistance in the D and H soils (below tillage depth). Poor soil aeration did not appear to be a significant limiting factor for root growth for this sandy loam soil, irrespective of tillage treatment. The soil had a high macroporosity and D/D₀ exceeded 0.02 at field capacity. Fodder radish resulted in more macropores, higher gas diffusivity and lower pore tortuosity compared to dyer's woad. This was especially important for the H treatment where compaction was a significant problem at the lower depths of the arable layer (10-20 cm depth). Our results suggest that fodder radish could be a promising tool in the amelioration of soil compaction.     

The Effects of Agricultural Practices on Carabidae in Temperate Agroecosystems

Ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) occur in all temperate agroecosystems, and have been implicated as predators of many pests, including aphids, lepidopterous larvae, and slugs. Most are polyphagous, and some are primarily spermophagous. The species assemblage present in any particular crop is determined by multiple factors, but usually comprises a limited number of abundantly active species, which may be common to many crop types. Abiotic soil factors, especially soil type and moisture status are important in determining the species present. Crop type affects the carabid assemblage indirectly through cultivation practices and microclimatic changes. Any soil cultivation affects the carabid assemblage, but studies comparing ploughing with reduced tillage have shown varying results, according to local conditions. Pesticides, especially insecticides have a localised and short-term effect, as many carabids rapidly re-invade sprayed crops. The long-term effect of pesticide usage at a landscape scale is, however, more difficult to predict, and may have contributed to the observed decline in carabid diversity in the wider countryside. Whilst fertiliser application is generally beneficial to carabids, comparisons of conventional and organic farming systems suggest that localised short-term variations in species abundances are more important than the overall farming system used. Non-crop habitats are very important to Carabidae, as many use adjacent hedges and field margins for shelter, breeding or dispersal. But other features such as roads may act as barriers to dispersal. It is concluded that further measures need to be taken if Carabidae are to realise their potential in integrated pest management systems.     

Analysing the Rockmass Permeation of a Low-medium Radioactive Waste Disposal Field

The fractures distribution and fracture rock mass permeation research is the premise condition that to study groundwater movement and pollutant migration in fracture rock mass in bed rock area, which includes the dominance orientation of fracture that groundwater fluxes in it, the brisk zone distribution of fracture water and the permeability calculation of rock mass. This paper mainly analyzes the fracture distribution and the dominance orientation of fracture and the permeability of a low-medium radioactive waste disposal field based on its rich geologic record. The following results are found through Statistical analysis and comparison calculation.The active zone of fractural water in bed rock is an active channel of active nucleus migration. Tthe headrace fracture of disposition have a dominant orientation. The penetrating coefficient tensor in bed rock fracture is also calculated.