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41.
不同供氮水平对荞麦茎叶中黄酮含量的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以普通荞麦品种晋荞1号(Fagopyrum esculentumMoench,cv.Jinq iao 1)为材料,通过盆栽试验研究苗期和开花前不同供氮水平(0(CK)、100、200 kg.hm-2)对不同生育期荞麦茎叶的干物质量、芦丁和黄酮含量的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,经100、200 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理,盛花期叶片中芦丁和黄酮含量分别下降了36%、46%和27%、47%,成熟期分别下降了20%、56%和22%、52%;经100、200 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理,盛花期茎中黄酮含量分别下降了13%和19%,成熟期分别下降了31%和28%。高氮处理对荞麦叶片黄酮含量的负效应比对茎的更为明显。100 kg.hm-2的氮肥处理下单株茎叶干物质量及芦丁和黄酮产量皆最高。适量施用氮肥将有利于单株水平上的干物质产量和黄酮产量的提高。 相似文献
42.
荞麦淀粉酶水解工艺条件研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
为探索荞麦淀粉酶水解特性及工艺条件,试验采用中温α-淀粉酶、真菌α-淀粉酶及其不同组合对荞麦淀粉进行水解,并在水解温度、pH、底物浓度及酶用量等单因素试验的基础上进行了二次回归正交旋转试验,确定了荞麦淀粉酶解工艺条件。结果表明,真菌α-淀粉酶适用于荞麦淀粉水解,其淀粉转化率和DE值均较高;各因素对真菌α-淀粉酶水解荞麦淀粉影响程度大小依次为pH>水解温度>酶用量>底物浓度;真菌α-淀粉酶水解荞麦淀粉的适宜工艺条件为:水解温度54℃,pH 6.0,底物浓度50 g/L,酶用量100~130 U/g,水解时间为75 m in,在此工艺条件下荞麦淀粉酶水解度为66.05%。 相似文献
43.
44.
The methodology of sampling and the selection of a proper marker systemfor the analysis of accessions are major concerns in the evaluation of gene bank material. In our study the RAPD analysis of bulked DNA samples and single seedsDNA was successfully employed to evaluate intra- and inter-population geneticvariability of cultivated and wild tartary buckwheat accessions. The bulkingapproach enabled the distinction of all 40 analysed accessions and theirseparation into geographically well defined clusters. Three wild populations,two from Sichuan and one from Qinghai, formed a group that was geneticallyrelatively distant from wild populations from Tibet and all cultivatedlandraces which, on the other hand, exhibited very close relationships. Thesingle seed study that was used after bulked DNA analysis provided detailedinformation of the genetic variation present within some accessions of specialinterest. A moderate level of genetic variability was detected betweenaccessions and the variability was partitioned into between- andwithin-population components. On average, most of the detected variation ispresent between F. tataricumpopulations. The genetic and geographic distribution of variability is furtherdiscussed. We demonstrated the usefulness of combining bulking and single seedstudy approaches for the effective evaluation of genetic variability inF. tataricum accessions that couldalso have wider applicability in the management of plant genetic resources andphylogenetic studies. 相似文献
45.
46.
荞麦粉对挂面品质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选择荞麦粉为辅料,以挂面的咀嚼度为指标,研究荞麦粉和食品添加剂对挂面品质的影响。在单因素研究的基础上,通过正交试验和二次旋转分析,建立数学回归方程,确定荞麦挂面的的最佳工艺和配方。结果表明,荞麦挂面的最优配方为荞麦粉质量分数19%,CMC-Na 0.3%,六偏磷酸钠0.08%,在此条件下质构仪得出的挂面咀嚼度值为196.518。 相似文献
47.
Mitsuyuki Tomiyoshi Yasuo Yasui Takanori Ohsako Cheng-Yun Li Ohmi Ohnishi 《Breeding Science》2012,62(3):241-247
Fagopyrum homotropicum Ohnishi is a self-pollinating wild buckwheat species indigenous to eastern Tibet and the Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces of China. It is useful breeding material for shifting cultivated buckwheat (F. esculentum ssp. esculentum Moench) from out-crossing to self-pollinating. Despite its importance as a genetic resource in buckwheat breeding, the genetic variation of F. homotropicum is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of the diploid and tetraploid forms of F. homotropicum based on the nucleotide sequences of a nuclear gene, AGAMOUS (AG). Neighbor-joining analysis revealed that representative individuals clustered into three large groups (Group I, II and III). Each group contained diploid and tetraploid forms of F. homotropicum. We identified tetraploid plants that had two diverged AG sequences; one belonging to Group I and the other belonging to Group II, or one belonging to Group II and the other belonging to Group III. These results suggest that the tetraploid form originated from at least two hybridization events between deeply differentiated diploids. The results also imply that the genetic diversity contributed by tetraploidization of differentiated diploids may have allowed the distribution range of F. homotropicum to expand to the northern areas of China. 相似文献
48.
The consumption of products made from Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) has increased in recent years in Japan. Increased consumer demand has led to recognition of the need for early varieties of this crop with high and stable yields. In order to accomplish this, more information is needed on the genetic mechanisms affecting earliness and yield. We conducted genetic analysis of 3 agronomic traits (days to flowering, plant height and total seed weight per plant) to segregate F2 and F3 populations derived from a cross between Tartary buckwheat cultivars ‘Hokuriku No. 4’ and ‘Ishisoba’. Broad-sense heritability estimates for days to flowering, plant height and total seed weight were 0.70, 0.62 and 0.75, respectively, in F3 population. Narrow-sense heritability for total seed weight (0.51) was highest, followed by heritability for days to flowering (0.37), with heritability for plant height (0.26) lowest. Later flowering was associated with increased plant height and higher yields. From the F4 generation, we identified twelve candidate plants with earlier maturity and reduced plant height compared to ‘Hokuriku No. 4’, but almost the same total seed weight. These results suggest that hybridization breeding using the single seed descent (SSD) method is an effective approach for improving agronomic characteristics of Tartary buckwheat. 相似文献
49.
Tatsuro Suzuki Yuji Mukasa Toshikazu Morishita Shigenobu Takigawa Takahiro Noda 《Breeding Science》2012,62(4):360-364
Seed shattering is a significant problem with buckwheat, especially at harvesting time. Several reports have shown that a green-flower mutant of buckwheat, such as W/SK86GF, has a strong pedicel. Although a strong pedicel may provide some resistance to shattering in the field, no study has thoroughly examined this issue. In this paper, we demonstrate that a W/SK86GF has shattering resistance by comparing the degrees of shattering of W/SK86GF and Kitawasesoba (leading variety of Hokkaido with non-green-flower traits) through a test for four years, including a typhoon hit year in the field. In a non-typhoon year, the shattering seed ratio (shattering seed weight/(yield + shattering seed weight) × 100) of W/SK86GF at maturing time +15 days (+15D) was lower than that of Kitawasesoba. In a typhoon hit year, the shattering seed ratios of Kitawasesoba at maturing time and +15D were surprisingly high, 14.4 and 21.1%, respectively. On the other hand, those of W/SK86GF were only 3.08% and 2.57%, respectively; indicating W/SK86GF is promising as a shattering resistant line even in a typhoon hit year. From these results, shattering resistance of W/SK86GF can be evaluated after maturing time such as +15D and pedicel strength would confer W/SK86GF a shattering resistant trait. 相似文献
50.
王安虎 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,34(6):012-017
以栽培苦荞和苦荞近缘野生种为亲本进行杂交,获得杂交后代并在F2代观察其性状分离比例.结果表明:栽培苦荞与苦荞近缘野生种杂交的F2代在花色、花序(小花疏密度)、茎色、分枝、叶形、叶色、瘦果表面有无刺、株型和落粒性等方面表现出性状分离现象,其中瘦果表面有无刺和种子落粒性性状的分离比例为9∶7,株型松散性状和分枝长短性状的分离比例为3∶1,通过X2测验,分别符合9∶7和3∶1的比例.其他各性状的分离比例尚不能确定. 相似文献