Penetration behavior of bath induced by top-blown gas jets for steelmaking converter

The cavity induced by top-blow gas jets impinging on the bath surface is one of most important parameters, which has overwhelming influence on the rate of slag formation and metallurgical performance. Water model experiments are conducted through a 1/10 scaled-down top-blown convertor. Effects of lance height and gas flow rate on penetration behavior are studied, and also the influence mechanism of liquid surface tension on penetration depth is addressed based on the experiments and theory analysis. An energy utilization index (EUI) is defined to reflect how much the impinging kinetic energy of gas jets are transferred into bath for formation of cavity, and an improved model is proposed to predict penetration depth of jets. The results show that penetration depth increases with lowering lance height and increasing gas flow rate, and impact diameter increases with increasing lance height, but is little affected by gas flow rate. Influence of liquid surface tension on penetration depth is enhanced with increasing surface tension and penetration depth. The EUI increases with increasing lance height, and a function relationship of it with lance height is obtained based on the experiments.     

一种快速判别梨果梗的方法

果梗完好与否是梨品质检测的指标之一,因而对果梗情况进行准确判别具有重要意义。为此,通过计算机视觉系统摄取梨的图像,利用图像处理技术提出了一种能快速判别梨果梗有无的算法。该算法的识别正确率达90%,识别速度大约在20～30ms,实现了对梨果梗进行高速检测的目标。     

Irrigation scheduling in a mature peach orchard using tensiometers and dendrometers

Three trickle irrigation schedules, two of which were scheduled according to soil water potential ( soil) (tensiometer method) and daily stem contraction (DSC) (dendrometer method) respectively and the other one was a schedule of restricted water supply, were applied to a mature peach orchard.The annual water application based on soil was greater than that based on DSC. However, tree growth, fruit size and leaf water potential (leaf) on the trees in the dendrometer scheduling plot did not differ from those in the tensiometer scheduling plot while the premature fruit drop and fruit bud initiation were greatly different. The restricted water supply treatment limited significantly both tree and fruit growth. In addition, the lower leaf was observed on the trees in this plot.Further study shows that use of the dendrometer method for scheduling irrigation satisfies the water needs of the plant and that the tensiometer method is less accurate.Abbreviations leaf leaf water potential - soil soil water potential - DSC daily stem contraction - LVDT linear variable displacement transducer - PET potential evapotranspiration     

Construction of mouse ESC line stably expressing Pdx1 by Tet-On system

AIM To construct the mouse embryonic stem cell （ESC） line with stable pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 （Pdx1） expression by Tet-On system, which may lay a foundation for further research on the differentiation of Pdx1⁺ definitive endoderm cells into pancreatic cells. METHODS The Pdx1-overexpressing lentiviral vector with green fluorescent protein marker and puromycin resistance was constructed by Tet-On system and was used to infect the mouse ESC. The cells were divided into 3 groups： blank control group （ESC group）, empty lentivirus control group （PDX1^- ESC group） and Pdx1 lentivirus transfection group （PDX1⁺ ESC group）. Flow cytometry was used to detect the transfected cells after screening by doxycycline （DOX）. The function of Tet-On system and the expression of Pdx1 gene were detected. The transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group were sorted by flow cytometry, and constructed ESC line with stable expression of Pdx1 and negative control ESC line were verified. RESULTS （1） The positive rates of transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group were 90.72% and 94.01% after screening by DOX, respectively. The positive rates of transfected cells in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group was 97.84% and 98.13% after sorting by flow cytometry, respectively. （2） With DOX, green fluorescence was observed in PDX1^- ESC group and PDX1⁺ ESC group. The mRNA and protein expression of Pdx1 was significantly increased in PDX1⁺ ESC group （P<0.05）. Without DOX, no green fluorescence was observed in the cells of the 3 groups, and no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression of Pdx1 was observed （P>0.05）. （3） After 3 months of cryopreservation, the cell lines still survived in resuscitation culture and were regulated by DOX. CONCLUSION Using Tet-On system, the mouse ESC line with inducible Pdx1 expression were successfully established and could be used as an effective cell model to research the differentiation of Pdx1⁺ definitive endoderm cells into pancreatic cells.     

红叶石楠离体培养技术研究

以红叶石楠半木质化带芽茎段为外植体,探讨不同外源激素水平对其不定芽分化、增殖与不定根形成的影响。结果表明:MS BA 1.0~2.0 mg/L IBA 0.1~0.3 mg/L GA 0.5 mg/L的分化增殖效果好;增殖系数达6.5以上;White NAA0.1 mg/L AC(活性炭)0.5%或White IBA 0.1 mg/L AC 0.5%或White IAA 0.5 mg/L AC 0.5%的生根效果较好,生根率可达90.5%以上;在珍珠岩∶蛭石∶腐叶土=5∶2∶1的基质中炼苗,成活率可达96%以上。     

软枣猕猴桃‘奇异莓6号’离体再生技术

以软枣猕猴桃无芽茎段为外植体进行离体培养,具有成本低、取材方便、材料充足等优点,但以往的研究表明无芽茎段诱导再生率低。本试验以‘奇异莓6号’软枣猕猴桃无芽茎段为外植体,探究不同植物生长调节剂、光照强度、温度、苗龄对不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明：最佳外植体为苗龄30d的无芽茎段,在光照12h/d(光照强度50LX)、室温20℃下,不定芽诱导的最适培养基为MS+2mg/L ZT,不定芽以间接途径发生,培养40d无芽茎段两端开始形成淡绿色愈伤组织,培养45d愈伤组织表面出现红色小点,开始形成不定芽,培养55d愈伤组织诱导率、愈伤组织分化率及不定芽数均到最大,分别为100%、100%及18.87个/块。待苗长至3cm左右时转到MS+0.4mg/L ^IBA中进行生根培养,培养30d生根率可达100%、根数为8.53/株、根长1.68cm、根粗0.14cm。     

茎弯曲处理对番木瓜开花结果的影响

对“苏罗”和“台农2号”番木瓜2个品种植株进行茎弯曲处理,研究其对番木瓜开花结果的影响。结果表明,茎弯曲处理对“苏罗”和“台农2号”番木瓜都具有降低最低结果高度、增加长圆形果实和长圆形两性花数量的显著效应;当茎弯曲长度在20.00-35.00cm时,随着茎弯曲长度的增加,其对降低番木瓜最低结果高度、增加长圆形果实和长圆形两性花数量的效应愈强;茎弯曲处理对营养繁殖的“苏罗”和种子繁殖的“台农2号”番木瓜开花结果的影响趋势一致。     

不同矮化中间砧对金冠苹果树体及根系生长发育的影响

本试验以嫁接不同矮化中间砧的2年生盆栽金冠苹果树为试材,研究不同矮化砧木对金冠树体及根系生长发育的影响。结果表明,不同矮化中间砧影响金冠苹果树体及根系的生长发育。中间砧为GM256的金冠苹果,树体高度及新梢生长量最大,除根系直径外,其余根系形态指标也均为最大值,树体矮化效果最差;SH1树体矮化效果最好;SH6矮化中间砧木与接穗亲和性最好,辽砧2号组合的亲和性最差;d≦0.5mm根径级的毛细根为金冠苹果幼树根系中的主要组成部分。     

油菜黑胫病菌和茎基溃疡病菌的LAMP检测方法的建立

油菜黑胫病和油菜茎基溃疡病分别由子囊菌Leptosphaeria biglobosa和L.maculans引起.我国油菜产区仅发现L.biglobosa,未发现L.maculans.因而,L.maculans是我国的对外检疫性对象.这两种真菌形态相似,引起的病害症状相似,给田间快速准确鉴定带来难度.本研究基于环介导等温...