巴西蜂业管理和蜂业标准

介绍了巴西养蜂业的管理、政府在蜂业发展规划方面所做的工作以及巴西蜂业标准,为读者更好地了解巴西蜂业提供参考。巴西蜂业由农牧与供应部管理,从业需要进行注册,产品经过认证后才能销售和出口。政府制定的“国家整合路线计划”包括了“蜂蜜路线”,投入资金予以支持。巴西蜂业标准共17个,分为生产标准和产品标准。     

Global Recognition of Qualified Toxicologic Pathologists: Credential Review as a Potential Route for Recognizing the Proficiency of Pathologists Involved in Regulatory-type Nonclinical Studies

Recent international summits of the International Federation of Societies of Toxicologic Pathologists (IFSTP) have debated the desirability and potential means by which the proficiency of an individual toxicologic pathologist might be recognized and communicated throughout the world. The present document describes the advantages and disadvantages of implementing such a global recognition system by any means, and provides a proposal whereby recognition might be accorded via rigorous credential review of a practitioner's education and experience.     

头孢噻呋对照品的研制

按照国家对照品的研制指导原则,进行了头孢噻呋国家对照品的研制。通过稳定性研究,确定了盐酸头孢噻呋作为对照品原料,然后对所选取原料分别用元素分析、红外分光光度法和液相色谱法确证了头孢噻呋的结构。液相色谱法测定纯度为96．8％,含量赋值为87．5％。     

生物柴油性能标准分析及建立健全标准体系的建议

针对中国生物柴油标准体系尚不健全的状况,该文分析了生物柴油的性能指标和国际上常见的生物柴油标准;对比和分析了中国的GB/T 20828－2007和欧盟的EN 14214－2005、德国的DIN V 51606和美国的ASTM D 6751-03;提出了制订中国生物柴油标准体系的建议,建议包括：完善燃料生物柴油的标准、建立生物柴油/柴油混合燃料的标准、建立燃料生物柴油生产和性能改进剂相关标准、建立生物柴油应用相关标准。     

Nutritional reference values for Opuntia ficus‐indica determined by means of the boundary‐line approach

Optimum concentrations and/or sufficiency ranges of nutrients are useful for a correct diagnosis and improvement of nutrient status of cultivated plants. To develop boundary‐line approach (BLA) standards for Opuntia ficus‐indica L., a database of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations in 1‐year‐old cladodes and cladodes fresh‐matter yield was used. The BLA optimum concentrations (associated with estimated maximum yield) for O. ficus‐indica were: N = 13.1 g kg^–1, P = 3.2 g kg^–1, K = 44.4 g kg^–1, Ca = 38.1 g kg^–1, and Mg = 17.3 g kg^–1. The BLA sufficiency ranges at 95% yield were 8.4–20.3 g kg^–1 for N, 2.4–4.2 g kg^–1 for P, 38.2–50.8 g kg^–1 K, 31.8–45.2 g kg^–1 for Ca, and 14.3–20.9 g kg^–1 for Mg. The BLA standards are comparable to those obtained in a previous study using compositional‐nutrient‐diagnosis (CND) approach.     

无线网络在校园局域网扩建中的应用

简要介绍了WLAN的概念、协议标准和特点,分析了校园局域网对WLAN的需求,WLAN在校园网扩建中的具体应用和构建方案,以及无线网络的接入管理。     

“十一五”时期中国公共图书馆服务法规、标准研究进展

"十一五"时期,中国公共图书馆服务法规和标准的理论研究成果颇丰,以此为主线,对5年来中国公共图书馆服务法规和标准研究的成果进行梳理和总结。     

Fruit skin side cracking and ostiole-end splitting shorten postharvest life in fresh figs (Ficus carica L.), but are reduced by deficit irrigation

Side cracking and ostiole-end splitting skin damage affected decay development and the percentage of sound fruit during fresh fig (Ficus carica L.) postharvest handling and marketing. Modification of current grading standard tolerances according to cultivar is suggested to protect the consumers and improve marketable yield. The type and degree of skin damage varied among cultivars. For ‘Brown Turkey’, ‘Kadota’ and ‘Sierra’, slight skin-damage prior to cold storage increased decay and reduced postharvest life. In contrast, the postharvest life of ‘Black Mission’ fig was not significantly affected by a slight degree of skin damage prior to cold storage. Furthermore, postharvest decay incidence was associated with the degree of side cracking and ostiole-end splitting at harvest. Because fruit skin side cracking and ostiole-end splitting occur during fruit growth and development, prevention by regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) with 55% ET_c was studied for two years. In both seasons, fruit quality attributes were not affected by RDI, except for ‘Brown Turkey’, where size decreased by 21% during one season. RDI significantly reduced fruit skin side cracking and ostiole-end splitting in ‘Brown Turkey’ and skin side cracking in ‘Sierra’, increasing marketable fruit by 50% in ‘Brown Turkey’ and 18% in ‘Sierra’.     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理探析

我国2006年2月15日对39项新会计准则重新修订，结合目前国内上市公司盈余管理的新动向，以制约盈余管理的关键因素“会计准则”作为切入点来研究问题。我国上市公司中存在着广泛的盈余管理现象，保上市、保配股、保盈利是实施盈余管理的主要动机。介绍了上市公司盈余管理，剖析了新会计准则对公司盈余管理的限制和新会计准则下盈余管理的可能途径。     

国内外中水水质标准对比分析研究及意义

通过大量国内外中水水质标准的时比,得出以下结论：国内外中水水质指标在pH值、固体悬浮物、溶解性固体、总磷、氨氮、色度等方面的要求相近或相同;在需氧有机物（BOD和COD）、细菌学指标方面存在较大差别;国内外中水应用对象方面明确性存在差别．为进一步提高我国城市中水利用率,减少中水利用对环境的负面影响提供理论依据．