基于空间数据库的林分生长模型的研究

将林分作为研究对象,以森林二类调查数据和相关图形为基础数据资料,选择林分生长模型,运用ScanIn地图矢量化软件系统进行专业的矢量化,借助于GIS相关软件建立属性数据库与图形数据库并运用ID连接,用二次开发语言VB编程开发功能,形成林分经营管理空间数据库,力求实现计算机分析、预测功能的更准确、更切实、更科学。同时,将此思路付诸于现实林分管理中,为科学地管理森林、经营森林、规划森林提供有效的帮助。     

禽流感病毒分子生物学的研究进展

禽流行性感冒(av ian in fluenza,A I,简称禽流感)是由A型禽流感病毒(av ian in fluenza v irus,A IV)引起的禽类烈性传染病。作为被世界动物卫生组织(O IE)定为A类的传染病,A I不仅给世界养禽业造成了巨大的经济损失,而且对人类健康和生命安全构成了严重威胁。因此,A I已经成为人们关注的焦点,国内外学者也对其进行了大量研究。作者从病原基因组及其编码的蛋白质、致病力、变异性以及对人类感染A IV的分子机制等角度就A IV的分子生物学研究作一综述,为防制A I提供理论基础,并在此基础上探讨了人类禽流感的防治措施,加深人们对A I的认识。     

陕北黄土丘陵区撂荒演替中期群落比较异质性研究

对陕北黄土丘陵区撂荒演替中期6块样地进行了群落间异质性和群落异质性分析。结果表明,群落间异质性与环境因素差异多数为正相关,说明环境对撂荒演替中期群落组成与结构起到了一定的塑造作用,典型相关分析进一步表明群落间异质性有84.6%是由环境差异引起的,其中土壤全磷含量与群落间组成异质性、土壤水分与群落结构异质性有较强的正相关关系,说明土壤磷营养对撂荒演替中期群落组成有较大的影响,而土壤水分是影响植物生长和群落结构的重要因素,因此在对撂荒7~15年的耕地进行恢复与重建应注意磷肥的施用和节水、保水措施。     

网络版《中国草业开发与生态建设》数据库的更新

针对网络版《中国草业开发与生态建设》专家系统知识库、模型库和空间库的特点,提出以下更新方案:知识库和模型库的更新采用2个途径进行,即数据库管理员直接在服务器端进行更新和普通用户在远程客户端以提交数据的形式进行更新。由于空间数据库处理的复杂性和传输量大的特点,空间数据库的更新主要还是由数据库管理员在服务器端进行。本研究虽在一定程度上全面详细地阐述了数据库的更新过程,具有一定的可行性,但仍有许多需改进的地方,如普通用户提交的数据在传往服务器端前的验证标准的制定、空间数据更新技术的改进等。     

马铃薯施肥技术研究

目的对寻甸回族彝族自治县(以下简称寻甸县)马铃薯种植区土壤养分空间分布状况进行研究,为该区马铃薯施肥决策制定提供科学依据。方法根据寻甸县土壤养分采集点数据情况和马铃薯生长对土壤养分的要求,以氮、磷、钾3个土壤养分因子为研究对象,结合云南省1∶25万地理信息数据,借助地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析技术,采用反距离权重空间插值方法,对采样点数据进行空间插值;参考马铃薯土壤养分划分方法,利用ArcMap软件计算得到肥力等级分布图。结果寻甸回族彝族自治县马铃薯种植过程中对钾肥需求量较高,约有62%的地区速效钾含量处于中等水平;约有78%的地区碱解氮处于比较丰富状态,约有21%的地区处于中等级别;有效磷丰富等级面积约占33%,中等水平面积约占66%。研究结果针对具体村镇推荐合理施肥,并制作了云南省寻甸回族彝族自治县马铃薯施肥区划专题图。结论本研究得出的氮、磷、钾的施肥推荐模型,为实现研究区域的马铃薯科学施肥提供科学依据,对马铃薯绿色发展有一定的价值。     

曲靖市马龙区荒野格局分析

以马龙区荒野为研究对象,选取距聚居点的遥远度、距可达道路的遥远度、人口分布密度、生物物理自然度4项指标进行叠加分析,绘制了马龙区荒野的分布图,并对荒野面积的水平分布、垂直分布、景观格局以及荒野保护空间进行了分析评价。结果表明：马龙区荒野在水平空间上呈环带分布格局,中部区域荒野面积相对较大、荒野质量相对较高;其外围环带区域荒野面积较小、质量较低、“孤岛化”、“碎片化”较为严重;最外围环带荒野质量又显明提高,面积较为完整。马龙区高质量荒野的储量占比较大,主要集中分布于海拔1 957～2 178 m,面积占比52.92 %。其中一级荒野斑块连通性最好,二、三级荒野斑块的破碎程度较大,四级荒野的斑块形状最复杂;现有保护形式未能对高质荒野形成全面覆盖。马龙区应加强荒野保护区建设,提高对荒野的保护覆盖率,同时通过人工手段恢复和提高低质荒野质量。研究结果可为马龙区荒野保护工作的展开提供参考。     

Unraveling the morphological patterns of a subantarctic eelpout: a geometric morphometric approach

Phenotypic variation in organisms depends on the genotype and the environmental constraints of the habitat that they exploit. Therefore, for marine species inhabiting contrasting aquatic conditions, it is expected to find covariation between the shape and its spatial distribution. We studied the morphology of the head and cephalic sensory canals of the eelpout Austrolycus depressiceps (4.5–22.5 cm TL) across its latitudinal distribution in South Pacific (45°S–55°S). Geometric morphometric analyses show that the shape varied from individuals with larger snout and an extended suborbital canal to individuals with shorter snouts and frontally compressed suborbital canal. There was size variation across the sampled populations, but that size does not have a clear latitudinal gradient. Only 8% of the shape variation relates to this size variation (allometry), represented by a decrease in the relative size of the eye, and a depression of the posterior margin of the head. There were spatial differences in the shape of the head, but these differences were probably caused by allometric effects. Additionally, 2 of the canals of the cephalic lateralis pores and the head shape showed modularity in its development. This study shows that the morphology of marine fish with a shallow distribution varies across distances of hundreds of kilometers (i.e., phenotypic modulation).     

Design and Implement of WebGIS Based on SVG

SVG based on XML is a kind of language describing 2D vector graphics.It is usability and applicability to set up WebGIS.The paper puts forward a system structure of WebGIS based on SVG,which has been applied to campus electronic map system of Chongqing University.It has been proved the method is feasibility and practicability.The paper sets forth some key techniques of implement of the system in detail: coding method of organizing SVG spatial data;generation of SVG electronic map;storage of SVG spatial data and implement of client.     

On the Development of Urban Spatial Structure in the Information Age

Today the information globalization is the trend of society development. The information technology has great influence not only on the mode of life and production, but also on the urban social and economic structure. In order to fit in with the change in this regard, the urban land-use distribution, residential mode, traffic pattern and so on should be changed correspondingly. Therefore, this change will lead to the development and evolution of whole urban spatial structure. In this paper, the development tendency of urban spatial structure in the information age is analyzed and some proposals on city planning and construction are put forward.     

Application of Attribute Reduct Method in Spatial Load Forecasting

Spatial load forecasting is a process distributing the total forecasted load to all partitioned area, and involving more spatial information and more factor influencing application of the future small area, which need a great deal of memory space and longer operation time. Rough set is new method of data analysis. It need not be provided with any advanced information except data set. But attribute reduct is its main algorithms. Division matrix approach on rough set used to reduce the attribute related to land - use decision in order to remove redundancy attribute and then the rules of small area land - use decision is distilled. The method obtained better effect and enhanced the total load forecasting efficiency.