Do same-aged but different height Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones affect soil microbial community?

The influence of individual trees in monocrop forests on soil microbial communities is poorly understood. We measured basal respiration, substrate-induced respiration and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), bacterial growth rate with the ³H-thymidine incorporation technique and fungal growth rate as ¹⁴C-acetate incorporation into ergosterol to investigate whether slow- and fast-growing 12-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies) clones have affected differently on their associated soil microbial communities. Understorey vegetation, soil chemical properties and elemental concentrations of needles were also determined. The slow- and fast-growing spruce clones differed in PLFA profiles, understorey vegetation and elemental concentrations in needles suggesting that spruce clones have directly or indirectly affected soil microbes.     

高赖氨酸玉米新品种龙高3号的选育及栽培技术

龙高3号是以自育系龙03为母本,外引改良系706为父本杂交育成。该杂交种高产稳产,抗病、抗逆性强,生态适应性好。一般生产水平产量在8 500～9 400 kg/hm2,适宜黑龙江省第二积温带下限第三积温带上限种植。     

黄果枸杞硬枝扦插繁殖技术研究

[目的]探讨黄果枸杞硬枝扦插繁殖对植株成活率、结果率的影响.[方法]以一年生和二年生黄果枸杞不同部位的硬枝为插穗试验材料,采用不同浓度的生根粉及赤霉素进行处理.[结果]采用生根粉2 500 mg/L药液处理的二年生基部枝条的插穗植株其平均成活率及结果率最高,分别为63.6％和71％,植株生长状况最好;其次是赤霉素50 mg/L药液处理的二年生基部枝条的插稳,其植株生长状况较好.[结论]该研究为黄果枸杞规范化栽培提供技术服务.     

基于重组工程法高转化效率的大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)表达菌株构建

[目的]提高最常用的异源蛋白表达宿主菌E.coli BL21(DE3)的转化效率。[方法]利用基于质粒的重组工程系统和双链断裂修复功能。[结果]敲除了编码降解外源DNA的I型限制性内切酶的hsdR基因,获得了高转化效率以及其他功能与BL21(DE3)仍保持一致的LS1928菌株。[结论]获得的LS1928菌株可能会作为获得催化用酶的关键材料,进而在蛋白质工程等研究领域有着重要的作用。     

南江3号烟叶采收成熟度与其烤后质量的相关性

为探明南江3号烤烟不同部位烟叶适宜采收的成熟度,提高其烤后烟叶质量,采用单因素试验对南江3号烤烟下、中和上部烟叶不同采收成熟度与烤后外观质量、化学成分和评吸质量的关系进行研究。结果表明:1)南江3号下部叶最适采收成熟度以成熟2级的最好,即烟叶综合变黄程度约40%,主脉1/2变白,支脉1/3~1/2变白;其上等烟率为21.95%,均价为18.61元/kg,评吸总分达62.79分,分别较同部位其他处理高6.11~14.28百分点,0.69~1.66元/kg,0.71~2.79分,且化学成分协调性较好。2)中部叶以成熟3级的最好,即烟叶综合变黄程度约60%、主脉2/3~3/4变白、支脉2/3~3/4变白;其上等烟率为83.32%,均价为24.27元/kg,评吸总分达62.92分,分别较同部位其他处理高4.99~21.86百分点,0.22~1.45元/kg,0.2~1.14分,且化学成分协调性较佳。3)上部叶以成熟3级的最好,即烟叶综合变黄程度约80%,主脉3/4变白,支脉2/3~3/4变白;其上等烟率为46.53%、均价为18.64元/kg、评吸总分达62.5分最高,分别较同部位其他处理高0.32~14.83百分点,0~1.71元/kg,0.64~1.04分,且化学成分较协调。     

不同浓度Na_2CO_3胁迫柳穿鱼幼苗的生理指标变化

为科学评价哈尔滨太阳岛自然植被种源柳穿鱼在不同浓度Na2CO3处理下的适应能力,以柳穿鱼实生幼苗采用5种浓度Na2CO3(5mmol/L,10mmol/L,20mmol/L,40mmol/L,80mmol/L)处理4周,测定其相对电导率、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、相对含水量、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)6项生理指标。结果表明:柳穿鱼的相对电导率、脯氨酸与处理时间、浓度呈正相关;相对含水量与处理时间、浓度呈负正相关;可溶性蛋白含量随胁迫浓度增大而增大;5~10mmol/L处理组SOD活性逐渐上升,20~80mmol/L处理组SOD活性先升高后降低;无丙二醛含量检出。柳穿鱼幼苗在5mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫下无影响,能够通过自身调节适应10~20mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫,在40~80mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫下则枝叶干枯。     

荻MsFT1及MsFT2基因的克隆及序列分析

FT(Flowering locus T)基因是最初在拟南芥中发现的一个控制光周期途径开花的一个关键基因,禾本科水稻中发现Hd3a(Heading date 3a)基因被证明与FT的同源且功能相同。该研究采用同源序列法通过水稻Hd3a的m RNA序列在近缘物种甜高粱基因组序列中进行BLAST得到c DNA序列进行引物设计,从禾本科芒属荻中克隆出2条FT的同源基因,命名为Ms FT1和Ms FT2。Ms FT1全长543 bp,编码181个氨基酸;Ms FT2全长540 bp,编码180个氨基酸。Ms FT1和Ms FT2的碱基序列相似性达98%,推导的氨基酸序列相似性达97%,均含有PEBP特异结构域。通过clustal软件将Ms FT1和Ms FT2与其他物种FT基因比较显示与甜高粱的相似性最高达98%、96%,其次是玉米、小麦、水稻等禾本科植物相似度较高。将Ms FT1和Ms FT2氨基酸序列和水稻FT家族18个成员进行对比,Ms FT1及Ms FT2属于FT家族中的FT-like亚族,且与Hd3a处于同一进化分支上。     

Modelling the variability of UK sugar beet yields under climate change and husbandry adaptations

In the future, UK summers are likely to be warmer and drier. Modelling differential water redistribution and uptake, we assessed the impact of future drier climates on sugar beet yields. Weather was generated for 1961–1990 (BASE) and predictions based on low‐ and high‐emission scenarios (LO, HI) described in the most recent global climate simulations by the Hadley Centre, UK. Distributions and variability of relative soil moisture deficit (rSMD) and yield gap (drought‐related yield loss, YG_dr = 1?actual yield/potential yield), and sugar yield were calculated for different time‐lines using regional weather, soil texture and management inputs. The rSMD is estimated to exceed the senescence threshold with a probability of 75% (2050sLO) to 95% (2080sHI) compared with 65% (BASE). The potential yield loss, YG_dr, is likely to increase from 17% (BASE) to 22% (2050sLO) to 35% (2080sHI). However, increasing potential growth rates (CO₂ × temperature) cause average sugar yields to rise by between 1.4 and 2 t ha^?1 (2050sLO and 2050sHI respectively). Yield variation (CV%) may increase from 15–18% (BASE) to 18–23% (2050s) and 19–25% (2080s). Differences are small between regions but large within regions because of soil variability. In future, sugar yields on sands (8 t ha^?1) are likely to increase by little (0.5–1.5 t ha^?1), but on loams yields are likely to increase from 11 to 13 t ha^?1 (2050sHI) and 15 t ha^?1 (2080sHI). Earlier sowing and later harvest are potential tools to compensate for drought‐related losses on sandy soils.     

Effect of IAA and GA3 on the Anatomical Characteristics, Straw and Fiber Yield and Quality of Flax

IAA and GA₃ had increased the stem thickness by increasing that of cortex, phloem fibers and xylem. Each had increased straw and fiber yield/plant, but the effect was more pronounced with GA₃ than IAA. The percentage of long fibers, strength and fineness increased significantly with GA₃. The latter two properties decreased with IAA.