猪Jiv基因的克隆表达与多克隆抗体制备

【目的】克隆猪Jiv蛋白核心区的2 112bp的基因片段,构建其原核表达载体后进行蛋白的表达和纯化,制备抗猪Jiv蛋白的多克隆抗体。【方法】利用RT-PCR方法,从猪脾脏组织RNA中扩增得到猪Jiv基因,将其克隆到pMD19-T载体并测序,以此为基础构建原核表达载体pET32a-Jiv,转化E.coli Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞中,利用IPTG诱导表达,获得大量包涵体形式的猪Jiv融合蛋白。通过镍离子螯合层析柱对表达的目的蛋白进行纯化,对纯化后的包涵体蛋白进行透析复性,以每只新西兰白兔400μg蛋白的初次免疫剂量和500μg蛋白的加强免疫剂量进行免疫,共免疫5次,采集血清,采用间接ELISA法检测抗体效价达到一定水平后,收集抗体,利用Western blot检测抗体特异性。【结果】克隆得到长度为2 112bp的猪Jiv基因片段;构建的pET32a-Jiv在E.coli Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞中经诱导后高效表达,SDS-PAGE结果显示,纯化得到分子质量约为95ku的猪Jiv融合蛋白;测得的猪Jiv蛋白多克隆抗体效价达1∶6 400;Western blot检测结果证实,所获得抗体能够有效地应用于猪Jiv蛋白抗原的检测。【结论】成功地克隆了猪Jiv基因,制备了抗猪Jiv蛋白的多克隆抗体。     

Genome Array on Differentially Expressed Genes of Skin Tissue in Cashmere Goat at Early Anagen of Cashmere Growth Cycle Using DNA Microarray

In order to study the molecular mechanism involved in cashmere regeneration, this study investigated the gene expression profile of skin tissue at various stages of the cashmere growth cycle and screen differentially expressed genes at proangen in 10 cashmere goats at 2 years of age using agilent sheep oligo microarray. Significance analysis of microarray （SAM） methods was used to identify the differentially expressed genes, Hierarchical clustering was performed to clarify these genes in association with different cashmere growth stages, and GO （Gene ontology） and the pathway analyses were con-ducted by a free web-based Molecular Annotation System3.0 （MAS 3.0）. Approximately 10200 probe sets were detected in skin tissue of 2-yr-old cashmere goat. After SAM analysis of the microarray data, totally 417 genes were shown to be differentially expressed at different cashmere growth stages, and 24 genes are significantly up-regulated （21） or down-regulated （3） at proangen concurrently compared to angen and telogen. Hierarchical clustering analysis clearly distinguished the differentially expressed genes of each stage. GO analysis indicated that these altered genes at proangen were predominantly involved in collagen fibril organization, integrin-mediated signaling pathway, cell-matrix adhesion, cell adhesion, transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） receptor signaling pathway, regulation of cell growth. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） analysis showed that the significant pathways involved mainly included focal adhesion and extracellular matrixc （ECM）-receptor interaction. Some important genes involved in these biological processes, such as COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, SPARC, CYR61 and CTGF, were related to tissue remolding and repairing and detected by more than one probe with similar expression trends at different stages of cashmere growth cycle. The different expression of these genes may contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism of cashmere regeneration.     

家禽性别控制的研究进展

家禽性别控制在畜牧生产中具有重要意义。综述了禽类的性别决定和性别分化的理论基础，并介绍了利用外源激素、免疫学方法、性控液处理，以及使用增强其机体氧化过程的溶液等方法，对家禽进行性别控制，以提高其雌性比例。     

茶树GGPS基因家族的克隆、生物信息学和表达分析

牻牛儿基牻牛儿基焦磷酸合酶(Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase,GGPS)是萜类合成途径的结构酶,对植物生长发育具有重要意义。本研究通过RACE和RT-PCR方法克隆得到5条潜在的茶树GGPS序列,分别命名为CsGGPS1-4和CsGGPS9,其中CsGGPS9存在3条等位基因,分别是CsGGPS9-1、CsGGPS9-2和CsGGPS9-3,在系统进化树上与其他基因分成两支。蛋白质序列分析表明,茶树GGPS家族成员都具有polyprenyl_synt结构域,不存在信号肽序列。亚细胞定位预测结果显示,CsGGPS1、CsGGPS2和CsGGPS4定位在叶绿体上,CsGGPS3和CsGGPS9定位在线粒体上。通过Swiss Model进行三维建模,结合"three-floor"模型对茶树GGPS家族成员的功能进行预测,预测结果显示,CsGGPS1、CsGGPS2和CsGGPS4是GGPS;CsGGPS3是异源二聚体形式的牻牛儿基焦磷酸合酶的小亚基;CsGGPS9的催化主产物是碳链数大于30的异戊烯基焦磷酸。q RT-PCR分析表明,CsGGPS1整体表达丰度较低,仅在一芽二叶中表达量稍高;CsGGPS2在茶树各个组织中均有表达,在花中表达量最高,且花发育过程中表达量先上升后下降;CsGGPS3在叶和幼根中的表达量高于花,花发育过程中表达平稳;CsGGPS4在茶树各个组织中表达量数值相近,在花发育过程中表达量变化趋势与CsGGPS2相同;CsGGPS9的表达量在成熟叶中显著低于幼嫩叶片。     

黄萎病菌侵染下陆地棉Dirigent-like蛋白基因表达差异分析

目的发掘陆地棉Dirigent-like蛋白基因家族,明确不同黄萎病抗性品种间该基因家族成员的多态性及表达差异。方法利用Illumina Hiseq 2000测序平台,通过RNA-Seq测序技术,获得黄萎病菌侵染陆地棉抗病品种和感病品种的Dirigent-like蛋白基因家族成员Unigene序列;采用生物信息学软件对其进行核苷酸序列及编码蛋白的多重比对和系统进化分析;针对该家族成员设计特异的quantitative real-time PCR引物,在Applied Biosystems 7500 Real Time PCR System上使用SYBR green PCR试剂盒标记反应产物,棉花Gh ACTIN为内标,采用2-ΔΔCt法分析抗病品种冀79、感病品种TM-1中该基因家族成员在0 h及受侵染1、8、24、48、72和96 h后的表达差异。结果获得12个陆地棉Dirigent-like蛋白基因家族成员;该家族成员分属3个进化群,基因间存在4个保守结构域。其同源基因在D5基因组染色体上,主要集中于第2、3、6、7、9、10、13染色体。陆地棉受黄萎病侵染后,Dirigent-like蛋白基因抗病、感病品种间差异表达,抗病品种冀79受黄萎病菌侵染1 h时上调2倍以上的有Gh DIR4、Gh DIR6、Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9、Gh DIR10和Gh DIR11,其中,Gh DIR9上调6.5倍;侵染8 h时Gh DIR1、Gh DIR4、Gh DIR7和Gh DIR11上调,有2个上调2倍以上;侵染24 h时仅Gh DIR4上调2倍以上;侵染48 h时Gh DIR1、Gh DIR4、Gh DIR7和Gh DIR11上调达到2倍以上;侵染72 h时仅Gh DIR9上调2倍以上,达到6.4倍;侵染96 h时仅Gh DIR4上调2倍以上。感病品种TM-1受侵染1 h时仅Gh DIR7上调2倍以上;受侵染8 h时Gh DIR7上调325倍,Gh DIR10上调2倍以上;侵染24和48 h时Gh DIR4、Gh DIR5、Gh DIR6、Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9、Gh DIR10急剧上调,Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9、Gh DIR10上调10倍以上;受侵染72 h时Gh DIR4和Gh DIR7还保持较高的表达量;侵染96 h时Gh DIR5、Gh DIR6、Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9、Gh DIR10和Gh DIR11保持较高的表达量。由此看出,受黄萎病侵染时抗病种质冀79 Dirigent-like蛋白基因家族成员上调表达要早于感病品种,但是,该基因家族成员在感病品种受侵染8 h后上调倍数远远高于抗病品种,而且到96 h时其表达量还较高;抗病品种上调的Dirigent-like蛋白家族成员Gh DIR4、Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9和Gh DIR11值得关注;Gh DIR6、Gh DIR7、Gh DIR9和Gh DIR10在感病品种TM-1中上调显著。此外,抗病、感病品种间Gh DIR1、Gh DIR3、Gh DIR5、Gh DIR8、Gh DIR10和Gh DIR12存在核苷酸多态性。结论 Dirigent-like蛋白与黄萎病菌侵入后棉花植株的抗性反应相关。     

Plant antifreeze proteins and their expression regulatory mechanism

Low temperature is one of the major limiting environmental factors which constitutes the growth, development,productivity and distribution of plants. Over the past several years, the proteins and genes associated with freezing resistance of plants have been widely studied. The recent progress of domestic and foreign research on plant antifreeze proteins and the identification and characterization of plant antifreeze protein genes, especially on expression regulatory mechanism of plant antifreeze proteins are reviewed in this paper. Finally, some unsolved problems and the trend of research in physiological functions and gene expression regulatory mechanism of plant antifreeze proteins are discussed.     

棉花3个脂肪酸碳链延长基因的cDNA克隆和表达分析

【目的】克隆棉花脂肪酸合成碳链延长的3个重要基因,分析它们的基因表达及其对逆境胁迫的反应,为棉花高油分育种和抗逆育种提供候选基因。【方法】采用同源克隆的方法,克隆陆地棉脂肪酸合成碳链延长3个重要基因GhKAR、GhHAD和GhENR的cDNA全长;应用生物信息学方法,分析克隆基因编码蛋白的特性;通过RT-PCR,分析目标基因的组织表达特征、时空表达水平和非生物胁迫条件下的表达特性。【结果】GhKAR和GhENR属于NADB Rosemann超基因家族,GhHAD属于hotdog超基因家族;GhKAR、GhHAD和GhENR的cDNA全长分别为1 119、906和1 318 bp,分别编码283、221、394个氨基酸;它们在根、茎、叶及胚珠发育不同时期均有表达。3个基因在高油材料中的基因表达水平都高于低油材料;20DPA（days post anthesis）到30DPA是高低油材料油分积累的主要时期,而30DPA到成熟期是高低油材料油分含量差距产生的关键时期。20DPA低油材料3个基因均有一个表达低值,高油材料基因表达量则持续升高;30DPA时表达量达到最高,其中,对于GhHAD和GhENR的表达量,棉花高油材料为低油材料2倍以上。不同非生物胁迫的诱导表达分析表明,GhKAR、GhHAD和GhENR都不同程度地受低温诱导,GhKAR和GhHAD在ABA诱导时上调表达,但都不受MeJA诱导表达;而GhENR在MeJA诱导2 h时上调表达,之后逐渐下调,受ABA诱导不明显。【结论】获得了GhKAR、GhHAD、GhENR 3个基因cDNA全长,通过基因表达特征分析,3个基因的表达可能对种子油分积累起着重要作用,同时在棉花抗逆方面也起一定的生理作用。     

番鸭细小病毒VP3基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

为获得针对番鸭细小病毒VP3蛋白的多克隆抗体,根据已发表的该病毒基因序列设计一对引物,利用PCR扩增出VP3基因,将其克隆到原核表达载体p ET-32a,转化感受态细胞BL21(DE3)。经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE检测重组蛋白。将重组蛋白切胶免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备抗番鸭细小病毒部分结构蛋白的多克隆抗体。结果显示成功获得VP3基因,构建的原核表达重组质粒成功表达预期的重组蛋白,免疫小鼠获得的多克隆抗体能与番鸭细小病毒及VP3蛋白反应。表明制备的多克隆抗体可用于MDPV的检测,并为进一步研究MDPV奠定了基础。     

Structure and Expression In planta of Botrytis cinerea Ubiquitin Genes

To identify genes of the necrotrophic pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea that are expressed during infection of tomato leaves, a differential screening of a genomic library with radioactively labelled cDNA was performed. This resulted in the identification of a B. cinerea gene, denominated Bcubi4, which encodes a precursor protein consisting of four identical head-to-tail repeats of a 76aa ubiquitin unit. Subsequently a gene denominated Bcubi1CEP79, encoding a single ubiquitin unit joined to a Carboxyl Extension Protein of 79 amino acids, was isolated. The expression of the two ubiquitin genes was studied during pathogenesis of B. cinerea on tomato. Bcubi1CEP79, but not Bcubi4, mRNA was transiently induced at 16h after inoculation. The increased expression of the Bcubi1CEP79 gene at this stage of pathogenesis might be required for enhanced ribosomal biogenesis.