水貂部分Toll样受体(TLRs)基因的分子克隆、序列分析及组织表达分析

试验旨在研究Toll 样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)在水貂抗病毒免疫中的作用机制,并为抗病育种积累可供选择的基因素材。本试验以雪貂TLRs基因为参考序列设计4对引物对水貂TLR4、TLR6、TLR7及TLR8进行分子克隆,并对所得序列进行生物信息学分析,进一步利用半定量RT-PCR技术分析TLR4和TLR7基因mRNA在不同年龄水貂各组织中的表达情况。结果表明,水貂TLRs与食肉目动物(雪貂、北极熊、大熊猫、海象、海豹、犬、老虎和猫)具有较高的同源性,在系统发育树中距离最近;组织表达分析表明TLR4和TLR7在检测的组织中广泛表达且表达量存在差异,相比成年水貂,仔貂各组织中TLR4或TLR7基因表达量更高。     

血清2型猪链球菌河南分离株毒力基因的鉴定及其cps2j全基因序列分析

为了解血清2型猪链球菌(S.suis2)河南分离株的毒力基因型及cps2j全基因突变情况,本研究扩增S.suis2毒力基因gdh、cps2j、mrp、ef 、sly、orf2和fbps,并对s.suis2的cps2j进行全基因序列测定和同源性分析.结果表明,gdh、cps2j、mrp、ef、sly、orf2和fbps基因在8个S.suis2分离株中的检出率分别为100％(8/8)、100％(8/8)、62.5％(5/8)、75％(6/8)、87.5％(7/8)、100％(8/8)和100％(8/8);其中cps2j全基因核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列与来源不同的S.suis2分离株同源性分别达98％和97％以上,以该基因构建的系统发育树表明8株S.suis2河南分离株与国内外不同参考株同源性高,亲缘关系密切.     

表达序列标签（ESTs）及其应用

表达序列标签(ESTs)是指从(ESTcDNA文库中随机挑取克隆并对其3’或5’端进行单轮自动测序所获得的短cDNA库列，一般长度为300～500bp。要有效获取ESTs，必须对cDNA文库进行预处理，处理方法有衰减杂交法、均一化法和差异显示法。在dbEST中收录了大量各种生物的ESTs。ESTs广泛应用于鉴定基因、发现新基因、电子克隆、构建遗传学图谱、制备DNA芯片、分子标记、研究基因的差异表达及检验病原微生物等方面。     

Identification of the putative ancestral allele of bovine single‐nucleotide polymorphisms

Identifying the action of natural selection from patterns of standing genetic variation has long been of interest to the population genetic community. Thanks to the availability of large single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data sets for many species and of high‐throughput SNP genotyping methods, whole‐genomic surveys to detect selective sweeps are now possible. Knowing the ancestral allele increases the power to detect selection. We present here a comparative genomic approach to determine the putative ancestral allele of bovine SNPs deposited in public databases. We analysed 19 551 488 SNPs and identified the putative ancestral allele for 14 339 107 SNPs. Our predicted ancestral alleles were in agreement with ancestral alleles detected by genotyping outgroup species for 97% SNPs from the BovineSNP50 BeadChip. This comparison indicates that our comparative genomic‐based approach to identify putative ancestral alleles is reliable.     

马腺疫链球菌 FNE 基因的克隆及原核表达

采用 PCR 方法从马腺疫链球菌新疆分离株中扩增 FNE 基因片段,克隆至 pMD19-T 载体。利用分子生物学软件分析测序结果,将 FNE 截短基因亚克隆至原核表达载体 pET-30a 中,转化到大肠埃希菌（E．coli）BL21（DE3）感受态细胞,以 IPTG 诱导 FNE 重组蛋白的表达,用 SDS-PAGE 和 Western blot 法分析蛋白表达及其反应原性。序列分析显示,其与 GenBank 收录的马腺疫链球菌4047（登录号YP002747216）核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列同源性均为99％。采用 PCR 法扩增到675 bp 的 FNE 截短基因片段构建重组表达载体获得重组蛋白,经 SDS-PAGE 分析在46 ku 处出现明显条带,Western blot 分析显示具有反应原性。成功克隆和表达了马腺疫链球菌的 FNE 截短基因,为重组 FNE 蛋白亚单位疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

家蚕幼虫性腺表达序列标签分析(英文)

分别以5龄幼虫的精巢和卵巢构建了2个家蚕cDNA文库.利用表达序列标签方法分析参与家蚕性腺发育的基因,通过测序获得 16 737条ESTs(精巢 8 407条,卵巢 8 330条),拼接这些ESTs共得到 2 107个重叠群(contig)和 3 532个单拷贝(singlet).将这些转录物与GenBank非冗余蛋白质库比较,结果显示约34.3%的基因与数据库中蛋白质具有相似性.功能注释表明蛋白质合成相关基因、精巢特异基因等在文库中大量存在.基因本体(gene ontology)功能分类显示精巢与卵巢基因表达谱差异较大.研究结果为理解家蚕性腺发育提供了信息.     

High HEV presence in four different wild boar populations in East and West Germany

Swine Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can be transmitted from pigs to humans causing hepatitis. A high prevalence of HEV in wild boar populations is reported for several European countries, but actual data for Germany are missing. During the hunting season from October to December 2007 liver, bile and blood samples were collected from wild boars in four different German regions. The samples were tested for HEV RNA by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and anti-HEV IgG antibodies by two different ELISAs and a Line immunoassay. A seroprevalence of 29.9% using ELISA and 26.2% in the Line immunoassay was determined. The seroprevalence rate varied greatly within the analyzed regions. However, qPCR analysis revealed a higher prevalence of 68.2% positive animals with regional differences. Surprisingly, also adult wild sows and wild boars were highly HEV positive by qPCR. Compared to liver and serum samples, bile samples showed a higher rate of positive qPCR results. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a 969 nt fragment within ORF 2 revealed that all isolates clustered within genotype 3 but differed in the subtype depending on the hunting spot. Isolates clustered within genotypes 3i, 3h, 3f and 3e. Within one population HEV isolates were closely related, but social groups of animals in close proximity might be infected with different subtypes. Two full-length genomes of subtypes 3i and 3e from two different geographic regions were generated. The wild boar is discussed as one of the main sources of human autochthonous infections in Germany.     

丝状霉形体丝状亚种SC型脂蛋白LppQ N末端基因克隆与序列分析

脂蛋白LPPQ是丝状霉形体丝状亚种SC型(MmmSC)非洲株、欧洲株和疫苗株所特有的。LPPQ N末端域具有良好的免疫原性，在牛体内可诱导产生强大、特异、早期、持续的免疫反应。本研究根据已发表的LPPQ基因序列设计引物，用Pyrobest^TM高保真DNA聚合酶从MmmSC HVRI X株中扩增出了LPPQ N末端基因序列，并进行了克隆与序列测定。核苷酸序列比较结果显示，HVRI X株的LPPQ N末端基因序列与国外发表的序列同源性为99．7％，由其推导的氨基酸序列同源性为99，1％，为脂蛋白LPPQ N末端基因体外表达奠定了基础。     

Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of rDNA ITS of Three Eimeria Species in Rabbit

In order to study whether the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence could be used as a molecular marker for the species identification of rabbit coccidian, the rDNA ITS of Eimeria intestinalis, Eimeria flavescens and Eimeria magna were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector subsequently. The positive recombinant plasmids were identified by PCR and then sequenced. By sequence comparison and comparative analysis with the relative sequences of rabbit Eimeria spp. available in GenBank, the results showed that the lengths of Eimeria intestinalis, Eimeria flavescens and Eimeria magna were 1065, 1009 and 1047 bp, respectively, and the sequence homologies with the same species sequences were 99.2%, 99.0% and 94.5%, respectively, while were 55.3% to 82.1% compared with corresponding sequences of other different species sequences. The phylogenetic analysis using software Mega 5.0 showed that all rabbit coccidia clustered together in a clade, which was divided into two sister lineages, corresponding to the presence or absence of oocyst residuum. The result demonstrated ITS could be used as a molecular marker for the species identification of rabbit coccidia.     

欧氏和玛氏对盲囊线虫线粒体nad1基因部分序列的比较研究

欧氏对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum ogmorhini)和玛氏对盲囊线虫(Contracaecum margolisi)是属于欧氏对盲囊线虫复合种中的两个种，前来自于南半球，后来自于北半球，二在地理分布和宿主特异性方面均有明显的不同。本研究用γ^33P对引物进行标记，通过聚合酶链式反应一单链构象多态性(PCR—SSCP)分析和DNA序列分析技术对来自南半球两个不同地理种群的欧氏对盲囊线虫和北半球种群的玛氏对盲囊线虫在线粒体NADH脱氢酶亚单位Ⅰ基因(nad1)部分序列的差异及种群遗传关系进行了研究。结果显示：南半球两个种群的序列相似性很高，而北半球种群与南半球种群的序列相似性则相对较低，它们之间had1部分序列种间遗传差异大于种内，且存在着2个可作为区分两的遗传标记。种群遗传关系分析也表明：北半球的玛氏对盲囊线虫种群作为一个独立的新种而区别于南半球的两个欧氏对盲囊线虫种群。