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91.
92.
Dense planting and less basal nitrogen (N) fertilization have been recommended to further increase rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain yield and N use efficiency (NUE), respectively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the integrative impacts of dense planting with reduced basal N application (DR) on rice yield, NUE and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Field experiments with one conventional sparse planting (CK) and four treatments of dense planting (increased seedlings per hill) with less basal N application were conducted in northeast China from 2012 to 2013. In addition, a two-factor experiment was conducted to isolate the effect of planting density and basal N rate on CH4 emission in 2013. Our results show that an increase in planting density by about 50% with a correspondingly reduction in basal N rate by about 30% (DR1 and DR2) enhanced NUE by 14.3–50.6% and rice grain yield by 0.5–7.4% over CK. Meanwhile, DR1 and DR2 reduced GWP by 6.4–12.6% and yield-scaled GWP by 7.0–17.0% over CK. According to the two-factor experiment, soil CH4 production and oxidation and CH4 emission were not affected by planting density. However, reduced basal N rate decreased CH4 emission due to it significantly reduced soil CH4 production with a smaller reduction in soil CH4 oxidation. The above results indicate that moderate dense planting with less basal N application might be an environment friendly mode for rice cropping for high yield and NUE with less GHG emissions. 相似文献
93.
94.
花生在生产过程中产生大量副产物,其营养价值较高,是重要的饲料加工原料。文章主要针对花生生产过程中副产物营养价值及在畜牧生产中的利用进行综述。 相似文献
95.
[目的]比较分析制备胃膜素的2种方法,优化制备方法,为工业化规模生产提供试验依据。[方法]以猪胃黏膜为材料,采用单产工艺和联产工艺提取胃膜素,比较分析2种制备方法所得胃膜素的性状、得率、总氮含量和还原性物质含量的差异。[结果]2种方法提取的胃膜素在黏度、酸度、干燥失重和炽灼残渣等方面差异不大,总氮含量和还原性物质含量也无明显差异,均符合国家标准。单产工艺胃膜素得率较高,平均达3.5%,联产工艺得率偏低,仅有1.7%,但联产工艺可以得到副产品胃蛋白酶。[结论]单产工艺的得率高于联产工艺,联产工艺可以同时得到副产品。 相似文献
96.
97.
浅谈大田县政策性水稻种植保险现状及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大田县开展政策性水稻保险工作取得显著的成效。该文总结了大田县推进政策性水稻种植保险的意义、现状、存在问题,并提出今后完善政策性水稻种植保险的对策。 相似文献
98.
Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is a noxious plant that not only is a troublesome agronomic weed that causes economic damage to agricultural crops but also − and even more importantly − causes severe health problems due to its severe allergenicity. The pollen of invasive ragweed has become a major allergenic risk factor in urban areas in newly occupied regions. Many urban areas prohibit herbicide application; thus, mowing is the most widely used control measure. Counting pollen is labour intensive; therefore, pollen production data are mainly based on estimations. Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different mowing scenarios, plant density and cutting height on the biomass, pollen production and seed production of common ragweed plants. Ragweed plants were mown twice: just before the flowering of terminal racemes (BBCH 59) and when the flowers of the re-sprouting lateral shoots reached BBCH 59. A 1- to 3-cm cutting height produced the greatest pollen reduction compared to that of intact control plants (94%) based on a season-long pollen collection. The number of female flowers also significantly decreased (97%). Compared to the control, the onset of pollen discharge was delayed by 5 weeks and the length of the pollen discharge period decreased from 9 to 4 weeks. The season-long unique and reproducible pollen production data can be integrated with airborne pollen modelling and population management strategies. 相似文献
99.
综述了国内外园林种植容器的发展史及应用现状,并总结出园林种植容器的设计要素及应用原则,最后对种植容器的发展进行展望。 相似文献
100.
NO emissions from soils and ecosystems are of outstanding importance for atmospheric chemistry. Here we review the current knowledge on processes involved in the formation and consumption of NO in soils, the importance of NO for the physiological functioning of different organisms, and for inter- and intra-species signaling and competition, e.g. in the rooting zone between microbes and plants. We also show that prokaryotes and eukaryotes are able to produce NO by multiple pathways and that unspecific enzymo-oxidative mechanisms of NO production are likely to occur in soils. Nitric oxide production in soils is not only linked to NO production by nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms, but also linked to extracellular enzymes from a wide range of microorganisms.Further investigations are needed to clarify molecular mechanisms of NO production and consumption, its controlling factors, and the significance of NO as a regulator for microbial, animal and plant processes. Such process understanding is required to elucidate the importance of soils as sources (and sinks) for atmospheric NO. 相似文献