园林快题中型绿地平面快速设计过程探析

分析中型绿地在功能组成、常见结构布局、园林建筑与绿化种植等方面的设计特点,分别从快速设计步骤、快速表现两个方面进行平面设计技巧的探讨。目的是提供一套严密的从快速找到设计切入点,到快速推敲、完善方案,直至最后快速表达设计成果的平面图快速设计方法。     

柔性生产在常州木梳生产中的应用

在企业调查的基础上,归纳出常州传统木梳的材料特性,主要加工工序、工艺;运用柔性生产理念,对每一道工序、工艺进行对比分析,采用合适的制造技术对具体的工艺进行改造,以形成木梳柔性生产流水线,以有限的投入创造更高的经济效益.     

Dihaploid Plant Production from 4 × -Genotypes of Potato by the Use of Efficient Anther Plants Producing Tetraploid Strains (4 × EAPP-Clones) — Proposal of a Breeding Methodology

Tetraploid clones of potato with a superior efficiency in producing androgenetic plants (4 × EAPP-clones) have been obtained by culturing in vitro anthers of 2 × EAPP-clones. The latter were isolated by three cycles of recurrent selection from diploid breeding material (UHRIG 1985 a). In this paper we report on the capacity of 4 × EAPP-clones, when crossed to in vitro unresponsive 4 × genotypes, to transmit to their F₁ their androgenetic potential, Five 4 ×× 4 × F₁ crosses were considered, which produced on average 35 embryoids per flower – a value higher than that of nonresponsive 4 × genotypes (no embryoids obtained), but-also significantly better than the value found for 4× EAPP-clones (9.8 embryoids per flower). The hybrid families behaved differently from each other, with one producing up to 63 embryoids per flower. A range of per plant values was, moreover, found, revealing the existence of a large variability among sister plants belonging to the same F₁ cross. The presented data indicate a rather simple inheritance of dominant genetic factors acting in favor ot androgenesis. They also suggest that the utilized 4× EAPP-clones were possibly heterozygous for such genes. Data are also reported on the ploidy level of anther plants obtained from 4× and 2× EAPP-clones. In this respect 2× EAPP-clones show the interesting capacity of generating, via anther culture, a consistent fraction of tetraploid plants (13,7 %). Based on the findings reported in this paper we propose, for tetraploid S. tuherosum L., a cyclic breeding procedure making use of anther culture and where ploidy level alternates, within a cycle, between 2× and 4×.     

西宁市不同功能区土壤重金属铬和镍的形态研究

采取Tessier连续提取法对西宁市6个功能区城市土壤中重金属Cr和Ni的形态进行研究.结果表明,西宁市各功能区土壤中Cr和Ni的全量分别是全国土壤几何平均值的2.6～3.2,1.3～2.1倍.各功能区Cr的含量均无显著差异(P＞O.05);Ni的含量表现出矿冶区与风景区和开发区差异显著(P＜0.05),但与其他功能区差异不显著(P＞0.05),并且除矿冶区外其他功能区间也均无显著差异(P＞0.05).Cr的各形态分布趋势为:残渣态＞铁锰氧化物结合态＞有机结合态＞可交换态＞碳酸盐结合态;Ni的各形态分布趋势为:残渣态＞铁锰氧化物结合态＞有机结合态＞碳酸盐结合态＞可交换态.重金属Cr为:不可利用态＞潜在可利用态＞可利用态;重金属Ni为:潜在可利用态＞不可利用态＞可利用态.研究表明土壤中重金属Cr和Ni的生物有效性和潜在生态危害性较大.     

响应面法优化发酵鹿肉干工艺及其货架期预测

为改善发酵鹿肉干的品质,对鹿肉干进行发酵工艺优化,并建立货架期预测模型。采用单因素和响应面试验设计,以剪切力为评价指标,结合感官评价,进行鹿肉干工艺优化,研究不同贮藏温度下发酵鹿肉干的挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)和硫代巴比妥酸值(TBARS)的变化,利用阿伦尼乌斯方程建立货架期预测模型。结果表明,发酵鹿肉干的最佳工艺为戊糖片球菌:木糖葡萄球菌:植物乳杆菌体积比2:2:1,发酵剂接种量5%,发酵温度30 ℃,发酵时间45 h。TVB-N和TBARS的活化能Ea分别为36.42、24.95 kJ·mol^-1,指前因子k₀分别为2.17×10⁶、2.44×10⁴。验证结果表明,以TVB-N和TBARS为指标可以对发酵鹿肉干货架期进行准确预测。     

浅析德州市园林基地标准化施工及管理程序

WANG Yi-gang(Agriculture and Forestry Bureau of Linyi County,Linyi,Shandong 251500)     

农业行政处罚简易程序与一般程序的区别及适用分析

从特点、方法、步骤等方面阐述农业行政处罚简易程序与一般程序的区别,并对其适用情况进行分析,以期促进农业行政处罚的合理、有效开展。     

荔枝需水量和灌溉制度试试验研究

本文介绍了荔枝需求水量的测定方法以及试验结果,分析了荔枝灌溉制度,对推广应用微喷灌节水,提高荔枝产量,节约用水,促进荔枝生产具有实际意义。     

迟缓爱德华氏菌检验程序的研究

本试验研究了迟缓德华氏菌（Edwardsiellatrada,Et）的细菌学及致病因子检测,确定了相应检测指标,制定了检验程序。对不同来源的Et作分离及生化鉴定,确定10项生化鉴定指标。用三种方法即平板法（PlateAssay,PA）、接触法（ContactHemolysis,CH）和上清法（SunernatantAs－say,SA）检测Et溶血素,阳性率依次为75％、75％、57．14％。28株Et中,18／26的胞外产物（Extra－cellularProducts,ECP）对HEP－2细胞有细胞毒性,17／28菌株有侵袭力。用ATCC15947株ECP的抗血清进行Det－ELISA,检测阳性率为19／26（73．08％）。