小型户用光伏发电系统的设计

以远红外发热纤维软板为载体,设计一款户用型光伏发电供暖系统。选用PWM整流桥和boost/buck升降压斩波电路结合作为主电路,并对逆变器基本电路进行研究,采用模糊控制方法进行最大功率点跟踪。测试结果表明,该光伏发电供暖系统的节能效果比较理想,比公共电网直接供电节能23%左右。     

盘刀式铡草机抛送性能试验研究

针对盘刀式铡草机存在的生产率低、功耗大、易堵塞等问题,以玉米秸秆为试验材料,选取不同的主轴转速、叶片倾角和秸秆含水率作为试验因素进行抛送性能试验研究。试验结果表明:各因素对抛送过程生产率影响的主次顺序为主轴转速>叶片倾角>秸秆含水率;对抛送过程功耗影响的主次顺序为主轴转速>秸秆含水率>叶片倾角。当叶片倾角为7°、主轴转速为650r/min、秸秆含水率为22.1%时,抛送过程生产率最高;当叶片倾角为11°、铡草机主轴转速为510r/min、秸秆含水率为27.3%时,抛送过程功率消耗最低;同时,得到了可用于预测铡草机抛送过程生产率和功率消耗的线性回归模型。     

Application of Evolutionary Programming in Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch

This paper describes an application of evolutionary programming(EP) to reactive power optimization and voltage control of power systems.Some technical problems which conclude mutation sacle,fitness value and population size have been solved to make EP practical for solving the optimal power flow problems.The computational results with EP have been compared with those obtained from a conventional gradient based optimization method.The comparision shows that EP are better than conventional methods in dealing with the optimization of noncontinuous and nonsmooth funcnons.The EP show the ability to search for the global optimum in reactive optimization that has multiple optima.     

Study on constant current control of inductive power transfer with parameter identification

Aiminy at magnetic exciting current (resonant current) control, a constant current control method based on dynamic parameter identification is put forward. With energy conversion analysis, the energy storage, supply and dissipation functions of the system resonant network are constructed. The reflecting impedance identification functions are obtained by constructing the energy equilibrium relations in a period and among several periods. Furthermore, a constant current control strategy by regulating the system input voltage with Buck converter is presented. Combining the relations among system input voltage, the envelope of resonant current and the input of Buck converter, the constant current control law is proposed. The control law is verified with experiments. For the proposed method, in parameter identification, only the data of zero crossing point of resonant voltage and current are required, which reduces the complexity and costs of sampling system. Also, the constant current control law does not need complex computation and is easy to implement.     

Comparative study of low voltage ride-through techniques for doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines under asymmetrical grid faults

Asymmetrical grid faults occur more frequently and have more adverse effects on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) than symmetrical grid faults in the transmission system. The transient response of DFIG under asymmetrical grid faults is analyzed firstly. Meanwhile, operation behaviors of several low voltage ride-through (LVRT) techniques under severe asymmetrical grid faults are given by simulation with the Matlab/Simulink software. Then the characteristics of these LVRT techniques are further researched and analyzed based on the simulation results. Finally, the economies of these LVRT techniques are discussed. The conclusion lays a certain foundation for engineering development of these LVRT techniques.     

农村电网合理配电方式的优化选择

为降低农村电网的投资和运行费用,在满足负荷需求及各项技术指标限制的条件下,以线路电压降和变电站最大负荷限制为控制条件,建立各种配电方式的单位供电面积年费用与线路供电半径、变电站数量、负荷密度等因素之间的函数关系,对我国农村电网3种配电方式110/35/10kV、110/20kV、110/10kV的经济性进行研究和比较。结果表明:当负荷密度低于250kW/km2时,110/10kV配电方式的单位供电面积年费用相对较低,而负荷密度高于250kW/km2时,110/20kV的配电方式则更经济;而110/35/10kV配电方式因为使用广泛且经济性与另外2种配电方式接近,仍有很高的保留价值。     

排污权交易中存在的若干问题

归纳总结了排污权交易理论中存在的问题,对解决这些问题的理论进行综述,以期为政府制定决策提供有价值的依据。     

基于正交设计的制丝工艺参数对叶丝质量的影响

采用正交试验设计方法,探究松散回潮回风温度、加料回风温度、加料出口含水率、烘丝蒸汽流量、烘丝筒壁温度、烘丝热风温度、烘丝排潮负压7个工艺参数对叶丝整丝率、碎丝率、填充值和感官质量的影响,运用直观分析、方差分析和综合平衡法优化工艺参数。结果表明:(1)松散回潮回风温度显著影响叶丝碎丝率、填充值及感官质量,加料回风温度仅显著影响填充值,加料出口含水率对叶丝整丝率、填充值和碎丝率影响较小,烘丝蒸汽流量、烘丝筒壁温度、烘丝热风温度、烘丝排潮负压对叶丝整丝率、填充值和碎丝率和感官质量均有影响;(2)在试验范围内,制丝工艺参数的优选组合为松散回潮回风温度57℃,加料回风温度52℃,加料出口含水率19.5%,烘丝蒸汽流量700 kg/h,烘丝筒壁温度132℃,烘丝热风温度115℃,烘丝排潮负压–18μbar,经验证,整丝率、填充值及感官质量总分较优化前分别提高了3.84%、0.44 cm3/g、5.1分,碎丝率降低了0.23%,优化后的制丝工艺提高了叶丝质量。     

小型渔船号灯最小间距的研究

我国小型渔船(船长20～35米)捕鱼作业信号灯至今未能达到《1972年国际海上避碰规则(1989年修订本)》的要求。本文根据光学原理,对号灯间距分辨率进行了多次测试和研究,并根据我国渔船客观实际提出了小型渔船号灯设置最佳配置方案。     

低剂量吡虫啉对多异瓢虫捕食及繁殖的影响

[目的]研究低剂量的吡虫啉药剂对多异瓢虫捕食力及繁殖的影响,为指导田间合理用药提供科学依据。[方法]采用艾美乐70%水分散粒剂和20%扑虱蚜可湿性粉剂两种吡虫啉药剂,研究了不同低剂量吡虫啉农药的配比对多异瓢虫捕食、捕食功能反应、生殖力的影响。[结果]扑虱蚜浓度配比为1∶2 000,多异瓢虫完全取食率最低,比无农药环境下减少约13%。多异瓢虫的捕食量以施用1∶50 000的艾美乐农药时最大,取食时间仅为不施药状态下的29%。在低剂量农药环境下多异瓢虫的繁殖力有一定的降低。在1∶10 000、1∶20 000的艾美乐溶液和1∶2 000的扑虱蚜药液作用下,产卵量显著低于不施药状态。[结论]吡虫啉为低毒农药,对多异瓢虫有较高的选择性。在大田使用时可考虑适当降低浓度,以提高多异瓢虫的捕食能力,减少农药的污染。