Influences of Enzyme Treatment on Surface Wettabilities and Gluing Properties of Poplar and Wheat Straw

The biology treatment of cellulases or hemicellulases is used in this paper. The effects of cell ulases and hemicellulases on surface wettability and gluing property of poplar and wheat straw were investigated. It was found that the surface contact angles of poplar and wheat straw were reduced and the surface free energies were increased after treatment by these enzymes. The gluing strengths of popular and wheat straw were enhanced with the increases of the dosage of enzymes and the time of enzymatic treatment.     

安徽省宜秀区人工杨树林碳储量研究

森林碳汇是指森林利用光合作用吸收大气中的CO2并以生物量的形式贮存在植物体内和土壤中的能力。近年来,随着人口的增长和经济的发展,人类排放温室气体持续增加,导致地球气候不断变暖,而森林所固有的吸收和固定CO2的功能即森林碳汇功能,能够有效地减少大气中的CO2浓度,起到减缓气候变暖的作用。本研究以安徽省宜秀区人工杨树林为研究对象,设置面积为0.24 hm2的样地一块,采取相邻格子法将其区划为20 m×30 m的乔木样方4块。在样方内进行每木检尺,每块样地选取平均标准木一株,供乔木层生物量测定,林分乔木层总生物量按转换系数进行计算。结果表明：研究地林分径级分布集中在18 cm～28 cm之间,林龄为10 a;无论在单木还是林分中,干生物量都占绝对主体地位;研究地10 a生人工杨树林乔木层每公顷碳储量为196.0016 t。     

结构用杨木单板层积材力学性能特征值的研究

根据美国ASTM D5456《结构复合木材产品评价规范》评价方法标准及美国工程木材协会PRL-501《单板层积材性能标准》,对国产杨木单板层积材力学性能进行了检测和评价分析。通过拟合优度检验,发现杨木单板层积材力学性能与对数正态分布拟合得较好。杨木单板层积材力学性能特征值的研究可为我国结构用单板层积材特征值确定方法提供参考。     

基于主成分分析的常绿—半常绿杨树磷素利用率评价

采用砂培试验,对常绿杨3个无性系在低磷胁迫下的苗高生长量、地径生长量、根冠比、生物量、单叶面积、叶绿素含量及光合速率等7个指标进行主成分分析.结果表明,选用的7个指标之间存在显著的相关性.选取代表常绿杨生长性状78.58％的前2个主成分作为常绿杨低磷胁迫下的生长性状选择的综合指标,得出3个无性系中磷素利用率最优是A-61/186,其次是A-65/27、A-65/31.     

转基因杨对美国白蛾生长发育和存活的影响

用4个转基因杨树品种和6个非转基因杨树品种室内喂饲美国白蛾幼虫,观察不同杨树品种对美国白蛾生长发育和存活的影响。结果表明,美国白蛾幼虫的体重、发育历期、产卵量和卵孵化率以及存活率与所取食的杨树品种有明显的相关性。与CK相比,美洲黑杨T66、欧美杨L102、美洲黑杨323对美国白蛾生长发育无显著影响,转基因杨Pb11、Pb12、Pb17、Pb29和欧关杨W141、美洲黑杨中荷1号、美洲黑杨L35影响显著。     

三倍体毛白杨快繁技术研究

以4份三倍体毛白杨无性系为供试材料,比较了培养基中激素种类及浓度、大量元素浓度以及有机添加物香蕉、椰汁和马铃薯对三倍体毛白杨快速繁殖中繁殖系数及玻璃苗频率的影响,结果表明：培养基中2/3大量元素含量能降低玻璃苗频率;添加0.5mg/L 6-BA和0.01mg/L NAA 获得较高的繁殖系数;添加15%的椰汁能提高繁殖系数并降低玻璃苗频率;不同无性系之间的繁殖系数和玻璃化频率无明显差异。     

阿拉伯胶的性质研究

探讨阿拉伯胶的一些主要性能。试验表明,阿拉伯胶的溶解性较好;随着阿拉伯胶浓度的增加,黏度亦增大;pH值变化时,阿拉伯胶黏度几乎保持恒定;同时阿拉伯胶有较好的保持香气的能力。     

微晶化磷矿粉对杨树幼苗根际土壤微环境特征的影响

通过盆栽试验,研究了CK(不施磷肥)、SP(过磷酸钙)、普通磷矿粉(MP0)、平均粒径为7.26 μm的微晶化磷矿粉(MP1)和平均粒径为4.04 μm微晶化磷矿粉(MP2)等处理对鲁林1号杨树幼苗根际土壤微生态环境特征的影响。结果表明： MP2处理的有机酸总量与SP处理无显著性差异,但明显高出CK、MP0和 MP1处理43.55%、21.89%和10.15%;MP1、MP2和SP处理的总糖含量差异不显著,但均显著高于CK和MP0处理;而各处理的氨基酸总量均未达差异显著水平。MP2处理的pH值分别较CK、MP0和MP1处理降低0.31、0.17和0.12个单位;SP与MP2处理的EC值差异不显著,但明显高于其他处理;同时,SP和3个磷矿粉处理的CEC值均显著高于CK,而SP与MP0、MP1、MP2处理间差异未达显著水平。此外,MP2处理的速效磷含量分别比CK、MP0和MP1处理显著提高35.19%、14.45%和7.85%,而3个磷矿粉处理对速效钾、交换性Ca和Mg含量并未表现出明显的影响作用。以上分析认为,两个微晶化磷矿粉处理相比对照和普通磷矿粉处理均能明显提高杨树苗根系分泌物中有机酸总量,显著提高根际土壤中速效磷含量,且粒径越小,其提高幅度越大。说明微晶化磷矿粉的粒径变小能提高土壤的供磷能力。     

内蒙古东部区杨树病害名录

本文报导的内蒙古东部区杨树病害计22种,其中真菌病害19种,螨类病害1种,菟丝子害1种,生理病害1种.     

Improvement in growth and alkaloid content of Rauwolfia serpentina on application of organic matrix entrapped biofertilizers (Azotobacter chroococcum,Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomonas putida)

The field experiment was conducted to study the effect of conventional chemical fertilizer (urea),conventional biofertilizers (charcoal based) and organic matrix entrapped biofertilizer; (OMEB: a consortium of Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum brasilense and Pseudomnas putida entrapped with clay soil, neem leaves, and cow dung in ratio of 1:1:1 and 15% saresh (plant gum of Acacia sp.) in various doses on growth parameters of Rauwolfia serpentina in terms of root length, shoot length, number of leaves, number of roots and fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots. Replacement of conventional chemical fertilizer by the consortium of biofertilizers (un-entrapped) increased plant growth in a dose dependent manner up to triple dose of the recommended dose (RD) of biofertilizers (1.80 kg ha-1). This increase in plant growth was not up to the level which appeared in the application of RD of urea. Entrapment of the same biofertilizers in an organic matrix mentioned above enhanced the plant growth similar to that observed for urea. The percentage increase of 9.57 and 7.54 in fresh weight (FW) and 11.93 and 11.12% in dry weight (DW) of shoot and 17.94 and 37.87% in FW of roots and 31.90 and 50.08% in DW of roots were recorded in 75 days old plant by the application of OMEB- triple dose over the conventional biofertilizers triple dose and recommended dose of urea. Conventional biofertilizers enhanced the availability of nitrate, nitrite and phosphate in the roots and leaves of the plant over application of urea as well as conventional biofertilizers. This formulation also increased alkaloid contents of in the roots of this plant. Microbial population of soil was also improved indicating enhanced soil fertility with application of OMEB. The results indicate that replacement of chemical fertilizers with microbial biofertilizers is possible with application of higher dose of biofertilizers entrapped into the organic matrix for the cultivation of medicinal plants like R. serpentina.