浅议市级图书馆服务少年儿童读者

结合市级图书馆的实际和少年儿童读者的特点,就市级图书馆为少年儿童读者服务的问题进行阐述,指明了素质教育背景下市级图书馆儿童读者工作的重要性及发展方向。     

独立学院图书馆读者培训工作实践与探讨——以北京师范大学珠海分校图书馆为例

独立学院图书馆读者培训工作有其“天然的”难处。北师大珠海分校图书馆“60分钟”专题培训取得良好效果。文章介绍“60分钟”专题培训的实施,总结“60分钟”专题培训的特点及亮点。最后指出独立学院图书馆读者培训工作从实际出发,理清思路,加强几个“注重”就能取得良好的效果。     

公共图书馆用户教育工作初探

指出现代公共图书馆开展用户教育的必要性和紧迫性。分析随着公共文化服务体系的完善,读者服务工作的持续推进,公共图书馆的用户教育面临着良好发展机遇。认为公共图书馆应顺势而上,加紧、有效地推动用户教育工作的发展。     

对图书馆人文类下架报刊的再利用有感——报刊阅览室改革收效

报刊管理是一项有益于学生身心的事业。学生们就像即将绽放的花蕾般需要浇灌,而我们则像园丁。只有让他们明白报刊的重要性,再从中提炼知识的精华,才能成为坚强,忠诚,理智的人。走入图书馆,无异于走进灵魂的加油站。而我们驻守在这里,也身负重要的责任。它的精粹,足以涤荡人心。报刊的循环利用,更是使这一作用良性循环,生生不息。     

《植物景观设计》课程教学方法探索

植物景观设计是园林专业的主干课程,将情感教育引入植物景观设计的教学中,将使传统的教学方式发生一定的转变,教学重点更加侧重于学生实践能力的培养。     

农村综合改革试验区农民职业教育与培训需求调查与分析：云浮1000个农户样本

农民是农村综合改革试验区的建设主体和现代农业发展的实践者.实现农业增产、农民增收、农村发展的目标,关键要加强农民职业教育与培训.根据云浮市农村综合改革试验区1000个农户家庭的调查,可知农村综合改革试验区农民职业教育与培训存在着经费不足、多部门管理、师资力量不足、立法滞后等问题.完善农村综合改革试验区农民职业教育与培训,要建立健全农民职业教育法律法规和制度体系,加快制定现代职业农民的职业标准,根据现代职业农民的需求选择培训内容,加大农民职业教育与培训的财政投入.     

Effects of xylanase supplementation on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood parameters,fecal microbiota,fecal score and fecal noxious gas emission of weaning pigs fed corn‐soybean meal‐based diet

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of xylanase supplementation on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, blood parameters, fecal microflora shedding, fecal score and fecal noxious gas emission of weaning pigs fed corn‐soybean meal based diet. A total of 150 weaning pigs with an average initial body weight (BW) of 7.85 ± 0.93 kg were randomly allocated to three treatments based on BW and sex (10 replicate pens with five pigs, two gilts and three barrows) were used in this 42‐day trial. Dietary treatments were: (1) CON, basal diet; (2) X1, basal diet +0.005% xylanase; (2) X2, basal diet +0.01% xylanase. The xylanase supplementation linearly increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), and gain : feed ratio (G:F) from days 29 to 42 and the in overall period, dry matter, nitrogen and energy digestibility, and fecal Lactobacilli counts, and linearly decreased (P < 0.05) blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration, fecal NH₃ and H₂S emission. Additionally, at weeks 5 and 6, there was a linear decrease in fecal score with xylanase supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of xylanase improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, shifted microbiota by increasing fecal Lactobacillus counts, decreased BUN concentration, fecal score, and fecal NH₃ and H₂S emission in weaning pigs.     

对以科研促教学的食品专业教育的思考

食品类本科专业是我国高等教育的重要组成部分。以科研促教学的必要性体现在既是高校定位、高等教育改革、教育国际化的需要,也是食品类专业本身培养目标的需要;同时,以科研促教学可以更好地践行教学核心理念,完善实验教学环节,为培养创业型食品专业人才提供积极的推动作用。     

Litter- and ecosystem-driven decomposition under elevated CO2 and enhanced N deposition in a Sphagnum peatland

Peatlands represent massive global C pools and sinks. Carbon accumulation depends on the ratio between net primary production and decomposition, both of which can change under projected increases of atmospheric CO₂ and N deposition. The decomposition of litter is influenced by 1) the quality of the litter, and 2) the microenvironmental conditions in which the litter decomposes. This study aims at experimentally testing the effects of these two drivers in the context of global change. We studied the in situ litter decomposition from three common peatland species (Eriophorum vaginatum, Polytrichum strictum and Sphagnum fallax) collected after one year of litter production under pre-treatment conditions (elevated CO₂: 560 ppm or enhanced N: 3 g m⁻² y⁻¹ NH₄NO₃) and decomposed the following year under treatment conditions (same as pre-treatment). By considering the cross-effects between pre-treatments and treatments, we distinguished between the effects on mass loss of 1) the pre-treatment-induced litter quality and 2) the treatment conditions under which the litters were decomposing. The combination between CO₂ pre-treatment and CO₂ treatment reduced Polytrichum decomposition by −24% and this can be explained by litter quality-driven decomposition changes brought by the pre-treatment. CO₂ pre-treatment reduced Eriophorum litter quality, although this was not sufficient to predict decomposition. The N addition pre-treatment reduced the decomposition of Eriophorum, due to enhanced lignin and soluble phenols concentrations in the initial litter, and reduced litter-driven losses of starch and enhanced litter-driven losses of soluble phenols. While decomposition indices based on initial litter quality provide a broad explanation of quantitative and qualitative decomposition, they can only be taken as first approximations. Indeed, the microbial ATP activity, the litter N loss and resulting litter quality, were strongly altered irrespective of the compounds' initial concentration and by means of processes that occurred independently of the initial litter-qualitative changes. The experimental design was valuable to assess litter- and ecosystem-driven decomposition pathways simultaneously or independently. The ability to separate these two drivers makes it possible to attest the presence of litter-qualitative changes even without any litter biochemical determinations, and shows the screening potential of this approach for future experiments dealing with multiple plant species.