对我国自然保护区实行共同管理制度的探讨

可持续发展原则和我国的国情决定了我国自然保护区不能长期实行完全封闭式的保护管理制度.为了协调自然保护区中森林资源保护和利用的矛盾,宜引入保护区共同管理体制模式,即在林业与环境部门的指导下,设置由代表不同利益的群体包括所组成的林业自然保护区共同管理委员会,并在遵循生态完整性、公平性与科学性三大原则基础上建立和实施权力制约、民主协商和监督机制.     

贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种引选试验

为筛选出适合贺州市春夏种植的紫红长茄新品种,以本地主栽品种瑞丰三号为对照,对引进的奥龙、先锋8号F1、天龙8号F1、丰裕先锋一号4个新品种进行了比较。试验结果表明,奥龙紫红长茄新品种表现最佳,不仅高产,且果形、皮色、色泽等外观品质均较好,早熟性较好,具有很强的抗逆性,比较适合贺州市提供粤港澳大湾区蔬菜市场,可作贺州市春夏紫红长茄品种推广种植。     

The use of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of stored-grain insects

The present contribution discusses the recent advances in the biological control of stored-grain insects with entomopathogenic fungi (EF). Thus, the effect of formulated vs. unformulated strains of EF and the effect of combinations of EF with other components, i.e. diatomaceous earths (DEs), chemical insecticides, natural products and natural enemies against stored-product insects are reviewed. Very few formulations of EF strains have been developed and used, of which invert emulsion formulation (water-in-oil type) is considered the most important. A synergistic effect of EF is produced by combining them with DEs, chemical insecticides and natural products but not with natural enemies belonging to arthropods. Moreover, since the action of EF against insect pests in general, and stored-grain insects in particular, is compatible with the food safety and environmental regulations, a good perspective for these biocontrol agents is expected as alternatives to synthetic insecticides. The potential areas of future research on the effective use of EF as biocontrol agents of stored-grain insects and the constraints that are associated with the registration and commercialization of EF as biopesticides under storage conditions are also discussed. Suggestions for the possible ways for implementation of this technology in storage systems are also provided in the present study.     

籼型恢复系郴R92-225的杂交和辐射选育及应用

本文介绍了籼型恢复系郴R92-225的杂交和辐射选育过程、特征特性及配制杂交组合应用于生产的情况。对选育的郴R92-225的有利变异和选育方法及应用进行了讨论。     

甘肃省农业发展的SWOT分析与战略选择

本文立足甘肃省实际,采用SWOT分析法,分析了甘肃省农业发展区位、特色农业产业、农业产业化、县域经济整体实力、高科技农业、示范区建设具有的优势;农民收入、劳动力资源、农业信息、农业市场化程度、农业资本盈利性低的劣势;政策、经济、社会文化、自然、交通环境方面的发展机遇;以及经济增长与政策性限制、总体规划、城市发展压力、市场经济发育、管理体制方面面临的困境.应用SWOT矩阵分析,提出甘肃省农业发展的战略选择.从政府领导、科学规划、技术创新、土地使用、运行机制、农产品营销、利益补偿提出了发展对策;提出了区域经济中心、经济转型、绿洲节水、农牧业特色、工农业崛起5种发展模式.     

2005-2009年《河北北方学院学报》（自然科学版）载文作者群分析

依据文献计量学的一般方法,对2005-2009年《河北北方学院学报》（自然科学版）出版的30期学报载文的作者信息进行统计,就论文合著率、作者的性别年龄和职称结构、作者地域和机构分布几项指标,对作者群的现状作出分析和评价．分析结果显示,《河北北方学院学报》（自然科学版）论文合著率在逐年提高,社会影响力和传播广度有较大程度的提升,作者分布广泛,拥有一支年轻化、有活力、相对稳定的作者队伍．     

江苏省部分粳稻品种对条纹叶枯病的抗性鉴定及分子检测

为明确江苏省近年生产上主栽的粳稻品种对条纹叶枯病的抗性来源,探讨采用与抗条纹叶枯病基因Stv-b~i共分离的SCAR标记进行分子标记辅助育种的可行性.本研究以抗条纹叶枯病的日本粳稻品种关东194和感条纹叶枯病的梗稻品种武育粳3号为对照,对江苏省近年来育成的28份粳稻品种对条纹叶枯病的抗性进行了田间鉴定,并利用与 Stv-b~i共分离的SCAR标记对供试材料进行分子检测,同时对抗病品种的亲本来源进行了系谱追踪.结果显示,与Stv-b~i共分离的SCAR标记能准确鉴定含该基因的抗性品种,该标记可用于标记辅助选择育种.系谱分析证实江苏省大部分抗性粳稻品种如镇稻88、徐稻3号、南粳46等均含有来自籼稻Modan和Mudgo的Stv-b~i基因;而不含Stv-b~i基因但对条纹叶枯病抗性较好的粳稻品种如扬辐粳8号、淮稻9号和淮稻11号则可能具有其他抗源.表明生产上利用的主栽粳稻品种条纹叶枯病具有多种抗源,对聚合不同来源的抗性基因及培育持久抗性的水稻品种具有重要意义.     

基于随机森林特征优选的雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率预测

针对雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率人工判断主观性强、准确度低等不足,以及对影响雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率预测的重要表观特征尚不明确等问题,该研究基于图像特征提取以及机器学习技术实现雪茄烟叶晾制过程含水率的预测。试验以雪茄烟品种“云雪2号”为试验材料,获取晾制过程的烟叶图像的颜色、轮廓、纹理以及部位四类特征并筛选出雪茄烟叶含水率预测的优选图像特征子集。在此基础上,构建了随机森林（random forest, RF）、支持向量机（support vector regression, SVR）与反向传播神经网络（back propagation neural network, BPNN）模型,并利用遗传算法（genetic algorithm, GA）对各模型超参数进行优化,将原始图像特征集与优选图像特征集输入3个机器学习模型,构建出6种模型-特征组合方案,依据晾制时期对原始数据集进行划分,并对测试集进行预测。最终结果显示：GA-SVR模型+优选图像特征子集的组合方案在测试集上表现最优,其决定系数（coefficient of determination,r²）与均方误差（mean square error,MSE）分别为0.980和0.001,且运行时间最短（运行时长=0.128 s）。研究结果可为雪茄烟叶晾制过程智能化控制提供理论依据。     

羊链球菌CVCC55001、CVCC55002株的制备与鉴定

为研究羊链球菌CVCC55001、CVCC55002株的菌种特性,制备了新的菌种批并对其形态及生化特性、培养特性、血清学特性、真空度、纯粹、剩余水分、毒力及免疫原性等进行鉴定,对其适宜培养基进行了筛选.试验结果表明,该冻干菌种的形态及生化特性、培养特性、血清学特性、真空度、纯粹、剩余水分、毒力及免疫原性均符合《中华人民...     

Use of genomic recursions and algorithm for proven and young animals for single‐step genomic BLUP analyses – a simulation study

The purpose of this study was to examine accuracy of genomic selection via single‐step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) when the direct inverse of the genomic relationship matrix ( G ) is replaced by an approximation of G ^?1 based on recursions for young genotyped animals conditioned on a subset of proven animals, termed algorithm for proven and young animals (APY). With the efficient implementation, this algorithm has a cubic cost with proven animals and linear with young animals. Ten duplicate data sets mimicking a dairy cattle population were simulated. In a first scenario, genomic information for 20k genotyped bulls, divided in 7k proven and 13k young bulls, was generated for each replicate. In a second scenario, 5k genotyped cows with phenotypes were included in the analysis as young animals. Accuracies (average for the 10 replicates) in regular EBV were 0.72 and 0.34 for proven and young animals, respectively. When genomic information was included, they increased to 0.75 and 0.50. No differences between genomic EBV (GEBV) obtained with the regular G ^?1 and the approximated G ^?1 via the recursive method were observed. In the second scenario, accuracies in GEBV (0.76, 0.51 and 0.59 for proven bulls, young males and young females, respectively) were also higher than those in EBV (0.72, 0.35 and 0.49). Again, no differences between GEBV with regular G ^?1 and with recursions were observed. With the recursive algorithm, the number of iterations to achieve convergence was reduced from 227 to 206 in the first scenario and from 232 to 209 in the second scenario. Cows can be treated as young animals in APY without reducing the accuracy. The proposed algorithm can be implemented to reduce computing costs and to overcome current limitations on the number of genotyped animals in the ssGBLUP method.