Genetic mapping of AFLP markers in Japanese bunching onion (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Allium fistulosum</Emphasis>)

Summary The first genetic linkage map of Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum) based primarily on AFLP markers was constructed using reciprocally backcrossed progenies. They were 120 plants each of (P₁)BC₁ and (P₂)BC₁ populations derived from a cross between single plants of two inbred lines: D1s-15s-22 (P₁) and J1s-14s-20 (P₂). Based on the (P₂)BC₁ population, a linkage map of P₁ was constructed. It comprises 164 markers – 149 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), 2 cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPSs), and 12 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from Japanese bunching onion, and 1 SSR from bulb onion (A. cepa) – on 15 linkage groups covering 947 centiMorgans (cM). The linkage map of P₂ was constructed with the (P₁)BC₁ population and composed of 120 loci – 105 AFLPs, 1 CAPS, and 13 SSRs developed from Japanese bunching onion and 1 SSR from bulb onion – on 14 linkage groups covering 775 cM. Both maps were not saturated but were considered to cover the majority of the genome. Nine linkage groups in P₂ map were connected with their counterparts in P₁ map using co-dominant anchor markers, 13 SSRs and 1 CAPS.     

Genetic control of alcohol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucomutase isozymes in lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.)

A suitable electrophoretic separation method for alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). malate dehydrogenase (MDH). and phosphoglucomutase (PGM) from P. lunatus has been developed. Two loci (Adh-2 and Pgm-2) showed codominant inheritance and fitted Mendelian ratio. ADH isozyme banding patterns indicate a dimeric quaternary structure. while those of PGM were in agreement with a monomeric nature. The cytoplasmic location of two MDH isozymes (Mdh-1 and Mdh-2) selectively inactivated by homogenization in an ascorbic acid solution was demonstrated. However. distorted ratios were observed for Mdh-2 segregation. On the basis of MDH isozyme banding patterns observed in five progeny families, il is suggested that this enzyme system is a dimeric protein encoded by at least three codominant genes (Mdh-1 .Mdh-2 and Mdh-3). Joint segregation tests between pairs of segregating loci (Adh-2, Mdh-2, and Pgm-2) indicated that each of them is inherited independently.     

Detection of linkage between RFLP markers and genes affecting anthocyanin pigmentation in maize (Zea mays L.)

Summary Linkages between molecular markers and genes involved in the expression of agronomical traits have already been described in all of the major crops. In most cases, the genetic model underlying the Quantitative Traits Loci (QTL) is discussed. Here, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) and Mapmaker-QTL have been used to pinpoint seven regions of the genome significantly correlated with four pigmentation qualitative traits of maize (Zea mays L.). Two of these, located on chromosomes 2 and 10, explain most of the variation of these traits. The R and B gene loci known to be involved in the regulation of the anthocyanin pathway map to the same regions and we suggest that these loci could be the candidate genes involved in the correlations detected with RFLPs. This type of result is in accordance with the hypothesis of the candidate gene which supposes that, if we have a very high density map of randomly-selected cDNA clones, it should theoretically be possible to associate a cloned genic sequence with a phenotypic trait where correlations are found.     

水稻插秧机分插机构工作过程的计算机模拟与分析系统

对水稻插秧机连杆分插机构工作过程的计算机模拟与分析方法进行了深入的研究,并开发出相应的计算机软件系统。该文对这类系统的设计要求、数学模型的建立及系统的设计作了概括性的论述,建立了系统关键的数学模型,并提出了系统的总体设计方案。     

不同结荚习性大豆品种综合生产力的分析评价

采用灰色关联度分析法对不同结荚习性大豆的综合生产力进行了两年的综合评价研究。结果表明，在一般肥力条件下，亚有限型结荚习性大豆综合生产力优于有限型结荚习性大豆。亚有限型大豆辽豆14号的产量及综合生产力都显著优于其他品种（系）。而在育种目标相似的情况下，不同结荚习性大豆间产量差异不显著。对不同结荚习性大豆来说，产量构成主导因素均是单株荚数、单株分枝荚数。努力提高大豆单株荚数是今后大豆育种的主攻方向。     

小麦雄性核不育基因Tal与rht_(10)基因的连锁遗传

几年来,进行了普通小麦显性雄性核不育基因Tal与矮变1号的矮秆基因Rht_(1c)的等位基因rht_(10)的连锁遗传,以及试图打破其连锁方式,选育重组类型Tal-Rhhrht_(10),使Tal转育至矮变1号的研究,这项研究目前只能获得非期望的另一类tal-rht_(10)交换型配子,本研究表明,两个基因有复杂的连锁关系,可能Tal不仅与rht_(10)主基因,而且与某个修饰基因连锁,重组型是致死的。     

杏杂合位点共显性标记的分离方式及连锁图谱构建

以‘串枝红’ב金太阳’杏的F1代为材料,在分析共显性标记分离方式的基础上利用简单重复序列（SSR）和相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）标记,构建了两张杏分子连锁图谱。‘串枝红’图谱共14个连锁群,包含37个SSR标记和32个SRAP标记,连锁群总长度为1086.6cM,每连锁群平均长度77.6cM,标记间平均连锁距离为1...     

大白菜抗TuMV-C_4的QTL分析

采用高抗芜菁花叶病毒C4株系(TuMV-C4)的大白菜高代自交系A52-2为父本、感病自交系高IV-5为母本杂交后获得的F2代263个单株作为作图群体,利用SRAP分子标记技术进行遗传分析,构建了1张包含10个连锁群,由152个 SRAP标记组成的大白菜分子遗传图谱。该图谱覆盖长度为1066.3cM,平均图距7.06cM。利用Windows QTL Cartographer V2.0软件和复合区间作图法进行分析,共检测到5个与抗TuMV-C4株系相关的QTLs。