地物反射光谱的测试

本文讨论了双向反射率分布函数、双向反射率、双向反射率因子等光谱反射率之间的关系,并指出了在一定条件下,遥感技术中野外测量地物反射光谱所得的双向反射率因子和物理学中惯用的光谱反射率即半球反射率定义(全部反射光功率与入射光功率之比)是完全一致的.最后还讨论了在野外测量地物反射光谱时需要注意的几个具体问题.     

透明质酸(HA)的功能性及生产技术研究进展

透明质酸 (Hyaluronicacid简称HA)是一种国际上公认的生物大分子保湿剂 ,用于眼科显微手术、关节炎治疗、高级化妆品、妇产科等领域。综述了目前国内外对透明质酸的化学结构、理化性质、应用及生产方法等方面的研究现状 ,对透明质酸的线性结构、超强吸水性以及它与水结合成的弹性透明水化膜在润肤、恢复软组织及妇产科临床方面的应用作了较详细的论述 ,对采用动物组织为原料的提取法和采用兽疫链球菌等为菌种的发酵法作了系统总括     

利用混合线性模型方程估测公番鸭的活重效应

以6只公番鸭、40只后代的84日龄平均活重的资料为例,论述了混合线性模型方程估测公番鸭效应的方法,并讨论了这种方法的应用前景。     

用计算机绘制森林立体专业图的初步研究

本文从地形林相图的网格高程数据矩阵出发,将隐藏线消除问题化为隐藏点的清除问题。并在此基础上定义两类隐藏点。通过三维图象的透视投影变换和与森林资源DBASE数据的联网,可绘制彩色森林立体专业图,并成功地解决了铁路线型库的问题。该系统为森林立体专业图奠定理论依据。     

Correlation between myocardial interstitial collagen remodeling and changes in hemodynamics in rats with myocardial infarction

AIM: To study the relationship between cardiac extracellular matrix remodeling and cardiac function after myocardial infarction. METHODS: We observed sequential changes in collagen contents and collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratios in infarct zone (IZ) and non-infarct zone (NIZ) and their relationship to the parameters of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in the rat model of myocardial infarction induced by ligation of left main coronary artery. RESULTS: Collagen conteants in IZ and NIZ after 3d of myocardial infarction were significantly higher than those in sham group at corresponding time (P<0.05, P<0.01). Collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio in IZ decreased on day 3, significantly increased after 7 d (P<0.01). Collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio in NIZ increased significantly afte14 d. Correlated analysis between collagen contents in IZ or NIZ and collagen type Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio and maximal ascending velocity (+p'_max) or maximal descending velocity of the left ventricular pressure (-p'_max) was performed and the negative correlation between collagen contents in NIZ and +P'_max (r=-0.589, P>0.05) and -P'_max (r=-0.788, P<0.01) was found. Collagen content in IZ positively correlated to the +P'_max (r=0.70, P<0.50), but not to -P'_max (r=-0.29, P>0.05). Collagen type Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratios in NIZ correlated negatively to the +P'_max (r=-0.504, P>0.05) and -P'_max (r=-0.545, P>0.05), but there were no relationship between collagen type Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratios in IZ and +P'_max or -P'_max in IZ. CONCLUSION: Collagen deposition in IZ after myocardial infarction was of benefit to improvement of systolic function. Collagen deposition in NIZ was harmful to systolic and diastolic function.     

Immune function in dairy cows related to energy balance and metabolic status in early lactation

Two feeding experiments were carried out in 2 successive years with 28 cows of the Norwegian Red Cattle (NRF) in each experiment. The cows were randomly distributed into 4 groups and subjected to different feeding regimens from 1 month prior to calving until 12 weeks after calving. The experimental design was factorial (2 x 2) with respect to protein content of the concentrate (17.5% digestible crude protein (DCP) v.s. 12.5% DCP) and concentrate allowances (standard v.s. substandard allowances after calving). Silage was offered ad libitum. Samples for estimation of serum immunoglobulin-G, white blood cells and lymphocyte responses to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A and pokeweed mitogen were collected 4 weeks prior to expected calving, and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after calving. The levels of milk immunoglobulin-G were estimated at calving and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after calving. A significant positive relationship was found between the estimated energy balance and the lymphocyte response to mitogens. Little evidence was found for the existence of a significant relationship between the immunologic parameters and plasma indicators of metabolic status. The lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin and levels of serum immunoglobulin-G increased, while levels of milk immunoglobulin-G decreased during the period from calving to 8 weeks after calving. Increased milk somatic cell counts were associated with a significant decrease in the lymphocyte responses to mitogens.     

HYPERCALCEMIC NEPHROPATHY IN THREE DOGS: SONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE

Persistent hypercalcemia in the dog is most commonly seen as a paraneoplastic syndrome or in association with widespread osteolytic lesions. In high concentrations calcium is a potent nephrotoxin and may cause severe and irreversible renal damage. The ultrasonographic changes in the kidneys of three dogs with hypercalcernic nephropathy are described'and compared with the changes described in the same human condition. It is suggested that ultrasound could be a useful technique for evaluation of the severity of renal damage and the potential return of renal function in such instances.     

DG3型割灌机振动的实验研究

该文对国产ＤＧ３型割灌机的振动频谱以及各振源点与手柄间的振动传递函数进行了实验分析．结果表明，在工作转速（６０００ｒ／ｍｉｎ）下的振动加速度几乎都集中在６０～２００Ｈｚ范围内，并且７６Ｈｚ，１００Ｈｚ和１５２Ｈｚ是３个主要支配性峰值，它们是减振的主要对象频率；轴承Ｂ１，Ｂ２，Ｂ３处与手柄Ａ点的振动传递函数值比其它大，而且Ｂ１的影响最主要；长轴上各激振点上下方向（ｚ方向）与Ａ点左右方向（ｘ方向）之间的传递函数在６０～８０Ｈｚ之间存在一个峰值     

干旱区绿洲农业生态经济系统结构与功能分析—以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的墨玉县为例

在分析国家和新疆自治区重点扶持的贫困县———墨玉县农业生态系统的水土资源结构、农业种群结构和产业结构的基础上,对其绿洲农业生态经济系统进行了能量流、物质流和价值流的分析。结果显示其水土资源结构不平衡、种群结构单一、产业结构不甚合理,决定了绿洲功能较差,产投比低下的特点,并据此从可持续发展的角度提出了以发展生态农业为中心,改善绿洲农业生态经济系统结构并提高其功能的对策与建议。     

High Throughput Sequencing to Study the Effect of Chronic Renal Failure on the Diversity and Gene Function Prediction of Gut Microbiota in Dogs

This study aimed to investigate the effect of chronic renal failure(CRF) on the gut microbiota diversity and predict the gene function of the flora. A total of 30 2-year-old dogs were selected and randomly divided into the chronic renal failure model group (CRF, established by renal artery ligation), sham operation control group (Sham) and healthy control group (HCG). All animals were fed normally during the 56 days of test period. The serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine protein / creatinine ratio (UP/C) were detected regularly during the experiment. The effects of chronic renal failure on the structure, diversity and function of gut microbiota were analyzed according to the result of bacterial 16S rDNA sequencing from fresh feces collected without contamination. The flora markers index (FMI) was constructed based on the principal component Logistic regression analysis of different microbiota in CRF group to predict the development of chronic renal failure. The results showed that: 1) The levels of Scr, BUN and UP/C in CRF group from the start of the 28th day of the experiment were significantly higher than those of HCG group and Sham group (P<0.05), and significantly higher than that of the first day of CRF group (P<0.05). 2) Compared with those before chronic renal failure (CRF group at day 0 and 28), HCG group and Sham group, the Chao 1 diversity and Shannon diversity of gut microbiota in CRF group at day 56 were significantly lower (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria significantly increased and the number of Firmicutes significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) LEfSe analysis showed that 20 species were enriched in CRF group, mainly including Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Proteus and so on, and most of them had negative correlation with other intestinal bacteria. Functional prediction revealed that genes of those different species were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism, sugar biosynthesis and metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism in CRF group. The area under ROC curve (AUC) of the FMI constructed with those species enriched was 0.788, which could be used as the intestinal microbial marker for CRF in dogs. In summary, chronic renal failure can reduce the diversity of intestinal microbiota, lead to the imbalance of bacterial structure and change of bacterial function. Moreover, the enriched gut microbiota in CRF group can be used as the intestinal microbial marker of CRF in dogs, and the best prediction effect can be obtained by FMI.