Is a single force plate adequate for stabilographic analysis in horses?

Reasons for performing study: Postural balance can be quantified using stabilographic variables derived from force plate data that describe movements of the horse's centre of pressure (COP) in the horizontal plane. Most force plates are not large enough to accommodate all 4 limbs of a standing horse, so the study was designed to assess whether representative stabilographic data could be collected from the forelimbs or hindlimbs. Objective: To determine whether stabilographic data from either the forelimbs or the hindlimbs were representative of data for the total body. Methods: Stabilographic data (960 Hz) were collected from 17 sound horses standing with the forelimbs and the hindlimbs on separate force plates. To increase variability in the data, horses were of different sizes, the recording duration was varied (15–60 s) and data were collected under sighted and blindfolded conditions. Results: Correlation matrices indicated that total body stabilographic variables were highly significantly correlated with both forelimb and hindlimb data but correlation coefficients were higher for forelimb data. Forward stepwise regression selected forelimb data for inclusion in the model for 15/16 variables, the exception being mean absolute mediolateral velocity. Conclusions: Ground reaction force data from a pair of limbs, preferably the forelimbs, can be used to measure variables that represent total body postural balance in sound standing horses. Potential relevance: Stabilographic data from either the forelimbs or hindlimbs may be useful for detecting and quantifying deficiencies in postural balance in ataxic horses.     

林带冬季相结构参数及透风系数的算法推导

从林带结构参数——疏透度β、立木表面积疏透度S’、立木体积疏透度V’、地上生物表面积密度C、地上生物体积密度W的定义和运算关系出发,推演出冬季相林带结构参数之间、以及它们与林带透风系数α、林带宽度D、枝条平均直径d的相互关系,其表达式为:W=V’/D=1/4dC=dS’/4D=-πdlnβ/4D=-0.1πdlnα/D该式是对几个主要结构参数之间具有同质性的证明,说明不同结构参数概念具有本质上的继承性和一致性,不存在严格意义上的排他性,在一定条件下是可以换算的,为林带防风效应评价运算提供了方便。导出一组适合我国北方干旱风沙区农田防护林带防风效应评价的运算公式。     

整体式板桥静力荷载试验及计算方法研究

基于新施行的《公路桥梁承载能力检测评定规程》(JTG/T J21-2011),对整体式板桥进行静力荷载试验研究,利用桥梁结构专用分析软件Midas civil建立该整体式板桥的空间板单元模型,对静力荷载试验进行模拟,并将实测挠度、应力值和荷载横向分布系数与计算值进行对比分析。分析结果表明,该桥能够满足公路-Ⅰ级汽车荷载的使用要求;实测荷载横向分布系数与理论计算荷载横向分布系数相一致,且刚接板梁法计算值略大于有限元法计算值,设计时若按照简化刚接板梁法计算荷载横向分布系数偏于安全。     

哈公馆基坑支护与止水的施工工艺研究

对于高层、超高层建筑,基坑支护与止水施工技术措施是否科学、合理,对工程项目自身的质量与进度有重大影响,对工程经济效益提高与人身安全的保证起到关键性作用。文章结合哈公馆工程地质条件,对哈公馆基坑选择高压喷射注浆桩基坑支护与止水帷幕的施工方法,并详细介绍其支护与止水工程的设计施工技术和质量控制措施,取得良好的社会经济效益、技术效益,为解决基坑支护与止水难题提供一定借鉴意义。     

Agreement between direct, oscillometric and Doppler ultrasound blood pressures using three different cuff positions in anesthetized dogs

ObjectiveTo evaluate the agreement between invasive blood pressure (IBP) and Doppler ultrasound blood pressure (DUBP) using three cuff positions and oscillometric blood pressure (OBP) in anesthetized dogs.Study designProspective study.AnimalsNine adult dogs weighing 14.5–29.5 kg.MethodsThe cuff was placed above and below the tarsus, and above the carpus with the DUBP and above the carpus with the OBP monitor. Based on IBP recorded via a dorsal pedal artery catheter, conditions of low, normal, and high systolic arterial pressures [SAP (mmHg) <90, between 90 and 140, and >140, respectively] were induced by changes in isoflurane concentrations and/or dopamine administration. Mean biases ± 2 SD (limits of agreement) were determined.ResultsAt high blood pressures, regardless of cuff position, SAP determinations with the DUBP underestimated invasive SAP values by more than 20 mmHg in most instances. With the DUBP, cuff placement above the tarsus yielded better agreement with invasive SAP during low blood pressures (0.2 ± 16 mmHg). The OBP underestimated SAP during high blood pressures (?42 ± 42 mmHg) and yielded better agreement with IBP for mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure measurements [overall bias: 2 ± 15 mmHg (MAP) and 0.2 ± 16 mmHg (DAP)].ConclusionsAgreement of SAP determinations with the DUBP is poor at SAP > 140 mmHg, regardless of cuff placement. Measurement error of the DUBP with the cuff placed above the tarsus is clinically acceptable during low blood pressures. Agreement of MAP and DAP measurements with this OBP monitor compared with IBP was clinically acceptable over a wide pressure range.Clinical relevanceWith the DUBP device, placing the cuff above the tarsus allows reasonable agreement with IBP obtained via dorsal pedal artery catheterization. Only MAP and DAP provide reasonable estimates of direct blood pressure with the OBP monitor evaluated.     

短侧枝挂果核桃优良品种选择

针对云南核桃产业发展中存在的品种混杂,良莠不齐,丰产性能差等问题,开展了核桃(Juglans sig-illata)优良品种的选育工作。经过对核桃各品种的挂果情况的调查研究和品质分析,选出龙佳核桃、宁香核桃2个良种。     

负水头供水源位置对番茄生长和水分利用率的影响

[目的] 研究负水头灌溉对番茄生长、灌水方式和水分利用率等的具体影响,旨在为完善负水头灌溉技术体系和提高水资源高效利用等提供科学依据。[方法] 采用单盆单株的盆栽试验方法,利用负水头灌溉技术,研究了供水源位置对番茄长势、灌水量、产量和水分利用率的影响。[结果] 负水头供水源位置对于番茄的生长和水分利用率有显著影响。与双盘埋设于根系两侧并交替供水相比,单盘竖向埋设于根系一侧供水和供水盘水平埋放于根系底部供水的单株产量分别增产14.3%和0.5%;根系两侧并交替供水的番茄植株生长趋势和地上部植株干物质量相对较小,但与其他两种供水位置相比其根冠比均提高33.3%;另外,根系两侧并交替供水的单株番茄总灌水量可降低24.7%和17.4%,较其他两种供水源位置的单侏水分利用率分别提高43.8%和14.8%;根系趋向供水源处生长。[结论] 不同的负水头灌溉水源埋设位置显著影响番茄生长的参数是不同的,就设计的试验组次而言,在有效利用水资源,促进番茄植株生长和提高番茄产量等方面,双盘埋设于根系两侧并交替供水的方式最优,能有效降低灌水量,提高水分利用率,是最优处理,可以在实践中予以推广。     

基于混合GANN的大气折光实时改正方法研究

针对GA与BP网络优缺点互补的特点,摒弃以往GANN模型的不足,采用以GA优化BP网络权值与阈值,再用BP网络对GA搜索到的近似最优解进行微调的方法,建立了一种能充分发挥两者优势的混合GANN模型.将模型应用于大气折光实时改正,建立了基于混合GANN的大气折光实时改正模型.通过与其他模型的分析对比表明,该模型科学、精确、易于实现,是一种实用的大气折光实时改正模型.     

紫花苜蓿不同品种对卡那霉素敏感性分析

组织培养条件下卡那霉素(Kan)对不同紫花苜蓿品种(秘鲁、富平、甘农3号)愈伤组织诱导及芽分化的影响进行了研究,实验结果表明:不同的外植体对卡那霉素的敏感性差异较大,不同品种间也存在差异。子叶对卡那霉素的敏感性高于下胚轴,当卡那霉素的浓度为20mg/L时,子叶的愈伤率极低。子叶愈伤阶段卡那霉素的有效工作浓度为15~18mg/L,分化阶段为40mg/L。下胚轴对卡那霉素的敏感性因品种不同:秘鲁苜蓿愈伤阶段的选择压为60mg/L,分化阶段以50mg/L为宜。富平苜蓿和甘农3号苜蓿愈伤阶段的选择压力分别为80mg/L9、0mg/L,分化阶段选择压降低到60mg/L。另外,如果在愈伤阶段加入选择压,后期分化中应适当降低压力或除去压力,以利于体细胞胚的产生和发育。