我国杨树人工林材性与加工利用研究现状及发展趋势

本文概述了杨树人工林发展概况,全面分析了杨树人工林木材性质与加工利用研究现状和存在问题,指出将杨树人工林材性与加工利用结合起来进行研究是合理、高效利用杨树人工林木材的必由之路。     

大兴安岭南段山地造林立地类型划分

以大兴安岭南段山地近40年来营造的针叶树人工林地为研究对象,采用典型抽样获得了169个样地林分和立地条件资料,将林木生长指标与立地因子指标结合应用,用统计分析方法,划分出4个造林立地类型组,39个造林立地类型。     

陕西省湿地规划分区研究

湿地作为国民经济可持续发展的重要资源之一,其保护和合理利用已引起了全球的广泛关注.本文通过分析陕西省自然资源情况和湿地资源调查结果,对全省湿地进行规划分区,为陕西省湿地资源的保护、合理开发与工程规划提供参考依据.     

黄河三角洲盐碱地造林抑盐效应分析

在黄河三角洲地区进行的一系列造林抑制土壤返盐的试验表明:林分郁闭度与抑盐作用正相关;林木对其一定范围内的土壤有抑盐作用;农田林网对抑制土壤返盐有显著作用.在此基础上,探讨了林木抑制土壤返盐的原因.提出在黄河三角洲地区广泛造林,同时配合良好的水利建设,是抑制土壤返盐,延长土地利用时间的有效措施.     

浑善达克沙地野生花灌木资源及其园林应用评价

通过对浑善达克沙地野生花灌木资源调查,筛选出野生花灌木44种,隶属于10科,17属;在对其观赏类型和园林用途进行初步分析的基础上,就该地区花灌木今后的引种方向和保护措施提出建议。     

Comparative productivity of Prosopis cineraria and Tecomella undulata based agroforestry systems in degraded lands of Indian Desert

Tree-crop interactions were monitored by measuring tree growth characters of Prosopis cineraria L. and Tecomella undulata L. and yields of Vigna radiata (L) in agroforestry systems in degraded lands of Indian Desert. Potential competition for resource between the trees and associated crop was analyzed by measuring soil water contents, soil organic matters and NH₄-N at different depths of soil layers i.e., 0–25 cm, 25–50 cm and 50–75 cm in the experimental plots. The plots size were 16 m × 18 m (D₁), 20 m × 18 m (D₂) and 32 m × 18 m (D₃) with tree densities of 208, 138 and 104 trees·ha⁻¹ after June 2002, respectively. Results showed that tree height increased by 3% to 7% during June 2002 to June 2004. Collar diameter increased by 30% and 11% in D₁, 23% and 19% in D₂ and 18% and 36% in D₃ plots, respectively, in P. cineraria and T. undulata in two years period. The increase in crown diameter was 9% to 18% in P. cineraria and 11% to 16% in T. undulata. Tree growth was relatively greater in 2002 than in 2003. Yield of V. radiata increased linearly from D₁ to D₃ plots. Lowest soil water content at 1 m distance from tree base indicated greater utilization of soil water within the tree rooting zone. Concentrations of soil organic matters and NH₄-N were the highest (p<0.05) in 0–25 cm soil layer. P. cineraria was more beneficial than T. undulata in improving soil conditions and increasing crop yield by 11.1% and thus more suitable for its integration in agricultural land. The yield of agricultural crop increased when density of tree species was appropriate (i.e., optimum tree density), though it varied with tree size and depended upon resource availability. The result indicated bio-economic benefits of optimum density of P. cineraria and T. undulata over traditional practices of maintaining random trees in farming system in arid zones. Biography: G. Singh (1961– ), male, Scientist E and Head, Division of Forest Ecology, Arid Forest Research Institute, New Pali Road, Jodhpur-342005, India.     

黄菠萝缓慢生长法离体保存技术的研究

缓慢生长法是植物种质资源保存切实可行的方法之一,目前已被广泛应用。本研究利用组织培养技术对黄菠萝缓慢生长法的适宜基本培养基和糖的质量浓度进行了筛选和研究,结果表明：适宜黄菠萝缓慢生长的组培体系是1/2MS＋80 g·L^-1蔗糖。为成功离体保存黄菠萝种质资源奠定了基础。     

野生滇牡丹资源调查与分析

2008-2009年对野生滇牡丹种质资源集中分布中心云南中部至西北部进行了比较全面的调查与分析,内容包括了滇牡丹生境和群体生长、单株开花状况等。分析了滇牡丹开花物候期及其影响因子、群落结构、种群数量动态变化等。最后总结了野生滇牡丹种质资源现状,以及适于滇牡丹生长和繁殖的立地条件及其保护措施。       

药用植物厚朴开发利用现状、问题及对策

阐述了国内外对厚朴的开发利用现状及存在的问题:厚朴主要药理成分环境形成与积累机制不清、厚朴的道地性和真伪难以把握、厚朴种质资源评价体系尚未建立及过度开发引起的植物渐危问题。提出建立上升到国家层面上的野生厚朴种质资源库、选择核心质量性状指标对种质资源利用价值进行筛选评价、充分利用分子标记手段进行厚朴的选育工作、采用现代生物技术手段建立厚朴组织培养和细胞悬浮培养体系,重视并加快厚朴药材种植质量控制技术研究,进而建立厚朴规模化利用的技术规范与体系的对策。     

金沙江干热河谷退耕还林与生态问题的研究

通过对金沙江干热河谷生态环境和经营条件详细分析，具体提出适合金沙江流域不同海拔和立地条件的退耕还林的技术模式，论述了经济林模式、生态林模式、用材林模式和林草混交立体模式的适用立地条件、造林树种、经营技术及经济效益。