转化桑叶的毛头鬼伞子实体的降血糖作用

研究了转化桑叶的毛头鬼伞(Coprinus comatus)子实体对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠体重、血糖、血清胰岛素、肝糖原、果糖胺、血脂代谢、体内氧化压力、肝脏中糖代谢酶活性等的影响.转化桑叶的鸡腿菇子实体提高了单一毛头鬼伞子实体或桑叶的降血糖作用,促进了胰岛素分泌,降低了体内氧化压力,提高了糖代谢的酶活性,但对血脂调节作用不显著.     

水解蛋白婴儿配方奶粉的研究

本文介绍了婴儿对牛乳蛋白过敏的原因,并根据水解蛋白防过敏的特性生产加工了低过敏婴儿配方奶粉,通过研究分析发现其感官品质和营养成分与常规配方婴儿奶粉无明显差异。     

中药添加剂降低牛奶中体细胞作用的功效试验

乳汁中体细胞增高,是奶牛隐性乳腺炎的主要指标,用传统中兽医理论组方,针对奶牛隐性乳腺炎,配制了一种具有清热解毒、通经活络和提高乳房抵抗力及免疫功能的中药添加剂——"降体细胞中药添加剂",并对奶牛隐性乳腺炎病例进行了降低体细胞的治疗试验。结果显示,其一个疗程(7d)对奶牛隐性乳腺炎病例降低体细胞功能的有效率为83%,略高于市售产品对照组80%的有效率。因为是纯中药配方,可作为市售同功效但泌乳期禁用药物的替代产品。     

安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖对雏鸡免疫功能的影响试验研究

对免疫新城疫、法氏囊和处于免疫抑制状态的雏鸡使用安疫肽(Compound amino acid solution,VESPRO solution)(饮水、注射)、肽好(Immunoglobulin powder,IG powder)(饮水)、高免多糖(Astragalus Polysaccharide powder,APS powder)(饮水),测定新城疫免疫、法氏囊免疫后的各免疫学指标、抗体水平、白细胞介素产生及免疫抑制鸡群白细胞介素产生、抗体水平。结果表明,肽好组、安疫肽饮水组对脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺的发育有较显著的影响,其中安疫肽饮水使用效果最佳,高免多糖有提高法氏囊指数的作用。安疫肽、肽好、高免多糖均对提高抗体水平较好,安疫肽饮水、注射及高免多糖,均能在提高抗体水平的基础上提高整齐度。     

离子色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中胆碱的含量

建立离子色谱法测定婴幼儿配方奶粉中胆碱含量的方法。选用IonPac CS12A阳离子交换色谱柱（250mm×4mm）和18mmol／L甲烷磺酸淋洗液,采用抑制型电导检测器测定胆碱的含量。结果表明：胆碱的最低检出量为0．1mg／L,不同添加水平的平均回收率为95．0％～102．5％。该方法具有灵敏度高、选择性强、操作简单等优点。     

Manipulation of rumen fermentation and ecology of swamp buffalo by coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of coconut oil and garlic powder supplementation on digestibility of nutrients, rumen fermentation, rumen ecology, rumen microorganism and methanogen diversity. Four, 3-year old, rumen fistulated swamp buffalo bulls were randomly assigned in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to receive four dietary treatments; 7% coconut oil, 7% coconut oil with 50 g/day of garlic powder, 7% coconut oil with 100 g/day of garlic powder and non-supplemented (control). During the experiment, concentrate was offered at 0.5% of BW while rice straw was given on ad libitum basis. It was found that supplementation of 7% coconut oil had significantly influenced on total DM intake, OM, NDF and ADF digestibilites while supplementation of 7% coconut oil with garlic powder (50 and 100 g/day) were not significantly different when compared with the control. Dietary supplementations did not affect on rumen pH, NH₃–N concentrations. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly higher in supplemented groups. Total VFA concentration, proportion of acetate and acetate to propionate ratio were reduced by supplementation. Proportion of propionate was increased (P < 0.05) when supplemented with 7% coconut oil and 7% coconut oil with 100 g/day of garlic powder. Methane production was dramatically reduced (P = 0.005) in supplemented treatments and was 10% reduced in 7% coconut oil supplementation. Amylolytic and proteolytic bacteria were increased (P = 0.007 and P = 0.024) while protozoal population decreased by 68–75% (P < 0.01) by supplementation. Total bacterial population was increased by supplementation while total fungi and total methanogens were not significantly different among treatments. Percentage of cellulolytic bacterial population was not different among treatments. However, dietary supplementation reduced (P < 0.001) percentage of F. succinogenes population. However, methanogen diversity was not changed using PCR–DGGE as technique. Thirteen separate bands were found in the DGGE gel. Based on this study, supplementation with 7% coconut oil plus 100 g/day of garlic powder could be efficiently utilized in the rumen and thus, could provide good fermentation end products and improve rumen ecology for the host swamp buffaloes particularly in reducing 9% methane gas production without changing nutrient digestibilities.     

电磁感应加热重熔Niwc25粉末涂层与基体结合机理的研究

介绍利用高频电磁感应加热重熔NiWC25金属合金粉末涂层与基体结合机理的有关研究结果。采用电子扫描显微镜、波谱分析及能谱分析等手段,证明了涂层与基体具有明显的钎焊特征;金属元素Fe,Ni,W在涂层与基体之间的扩散效应产生了冶金结合,扩散深度可达20—25μm。     

波尔多液营养保护剂对石灰性土壤铜、铁有效性及花生产量的影响研究

选用山东省花生主产区的代表性石灰性土壤，通过土培试验的方法，研究了波尔多液营养保护剂BNPP和美国铜基杀菌剂Koeide两种可湿性粉剂对石灰性土壤pH值和铜、铁有效性及其对花生产量的影响。结果表明，与CK（喷清水）相比，喷施BNPP后，土壤pH值有所降低，而土壤有效铁、铜含量都有所提高。同时喷施BNPP后土壤有效铜含量要低于Kocide处理。另外．BNPP处理花生叶绿紊、活性铁、全铁含量以及生物量都有显著提高，产量比CK提高了1．25～1．53倍。波尔多液营养保护剂效果要优于美国Kocide产品。     

膨化干燥灰枣粉玻璃化转变及贮藏稳定性

为了综合水分活度及玻璃化转变理论构建状态图,获得灰枣粉的较佳贮藏条件,该文采用静态称量法和差示扫描量热法测定灰枣粉的吸附特性及玻璃化转变温度。结果表明,膨化干燥灰枣粉水分吸附的平衡干基含水率随水分活度的增加而增加,水分吸附等温线呈J型,描述灰枣粉水分吸附特性的适宜模型为GAB模型（R2=0.9968）;灰枣粉的玻璃化转变温度随含水率升高而降低,湿基含水率由0.064 g/g增加到0.175 g/g时,玻璃化转变温度由29.90℃降低到?35.02℃;灰枣粉干基含水率≤0.1223 g/g、贮藏温度≤?0.062°C时其稳定性较好,研究结果为灰枣粉加工、运输等过程中的贮藏条件提供理论参考。     

魔芋葡甘露聚糖及其衍生物在食品工业中的应用

魔芋葡甘露聚糖作为一种传统的食品原料和食品添加剂,近年来在食品领域的应用研究日益引人注目。魔芋葡甘露聚糖是一种中性多糖,是魔芋的主要功能活性成分。魔芋葡甘露聚糖及其衍生物具有较好的凝胶性、增稠性、成膜性等功能特性,在食品工业中具有很高的研究开发和实际应用价值。本文综述了魔芋葡甘露聚糖及其衍生物的主要功能特性及其在食品工业中的应用,将为充分利用我国魔芋资源、提高其产品附加值开辟广阔的发展空间。