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南四湖的水生生物和渔业生态初析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
南四湖是指位于山东省南部的微山、昭阳、独山和南阳四个湖,现有水面11.9万公顷。目前的平均鱼产量是94.05公斤/公顷。1983—1984 年我省对该湖进行了全面的渔业资源调查。南四湖的溶氧含量平均为 8.71毫克/升,pH为 7.1—9.7。湖水中的磷酸盐是0.0108毫克/升,三态氮是0.465 毫克/升。水生维管束植物的生物量是 2584.2毫克/米~2,浮游植物和浮游动物的平均生物量分别为1.709和0.601毫克/升,底栖动物的平均生物量是92.65克/米~2。鱼类的优势种类是鲫鱼、黄颡鱼、乌鳢、红鳍鲌、长春编、鲶鱼、鲤鱼。并为开发它们提出了初步建议。 相似文献
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Impact and effects of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins derived from harmful algal blooms to marine fish 下载免费PDF全文
Pedro Reis Costa 《Fish and Fisheries》2016,17(1):226-248
Fish are frequently exposed to paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) derived from harmful algal blooms (HAB). PSTs are potent neurotoxins with strong effects on fish at multiple trophic levels. Here, we examine the historical and contemporary mass mortality events combining with the available data on response of fish to PSTs' exposure. The data show that fish are negatively affected by these natural toxins on a recurring basis. Transient effects of PSTs have also been observed in fish and although difficult to quantify, these sublethal effects can affect foraging and predation avoidance. Additionally, the spatiotemporal overlapping of fish spawning and HAB can also be critical for fish survival and fisheries recruitment. Exposure of fish in their early life stages to dissolved toxins in the water column has also been identified as a risk factor for fish survival. In the context of global climate change, where PSTs are likely to become increasingly important, new insights and a synthesis of up‐to‐date information on fish response to PSTs and the risk associated with toxic dinoflagellate blooms are presented. 相似文献
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本文提出DNA序列相似度指标,建立DNA序列比对算法。首先,将水生生物DNA样本序列与现有的基因库中的DNA序列逐项比对;其次,在满足特定阈值条件下,确认样本序列的分类。利用Java编程语言来实现算法,通过MonteCarlo模拟和实际应用,验证算法的有效性。理论结果表明:在满足特定阈值条件下,通过计算DNA序列相似度,能够确定数据库中与未知DNA样本序列最相似的序列,判断样本序列的分类。模拟实验、对比研究和应用结果表明:相似度指标算法在有效判别DNA序列的分类,提高DNA序列匹配成功率,降低程序复杂度等方面具有优良特征。 相似文献
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Andrew W. Bruckner 《Aquarium Sciences and Conservation》2001,3(1-3):79-94
The extraction of coral reef organisms for the aquarium and curio trade is reported to be contributing to coral reef degradation. The total international trade and associated impacts are unknown, because data are collected only for organisms listed on Appendix II of CITES, which include stony corals, antipatharians and giant clams. CITES data indicate that trade in live stony coral and reef substrate (live rock) increased by 15–30% each year during the 1990s, with most exports since 1992 from Indonesia and Fiji. Overall, 19% of all stony coral traded (by item) from 1985 to 1997 was live; 71kern-1pt% of this was traded between 1993 and 1997 (52% of total trade). Although tracking trade using information from the CITES Trade Database provides limited information (e.g., coral is reported to genus, and volume is reported by item or weight), the CITES mechanism promotes the development of strategies to protect resources. In response to CITES requirements, Indonesia developed a management plan for sustainable harvest of corals, but not for non-CITES listed species such as soft corals and fishes. Trade in hard and soft coral provides revenue for developing countries; however, in order to be of lasting value the industry must be developed with a conservation ethic. This requires support for international programs such as CITES, management plans for sustainable harvest, and improved enforcement. 相似文献
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海洋生物体多环芳烃污染残留及其健康风险评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
多环芳烃(PAHs)主要来源于煤、石油等矿物燃料及其他有机物的不完全燃烧和裂解过程,是一类广泛存在于环境中具有潜在致畸、致癌和致突变效应的持久性有机污染物。PAHs引起的污染问题越来越受到人们的关注,已经被世界许多国家列为有机污染物的研究重点。海洋环境中的PAHs可以通过生物积累和食物链传递作用进入鱼类、贝类等海洋生物体中,不仅影响海洋生物的生存繁衍,破坏海洋生态环境,还会通过水产品影响人类健康。文章重点对近年来国内外鱼类、贝类等海洋生物体PAHs残留分析方法、残留水平的影响因素、来源解析以及人体暴露健康风险评价等方面进行了综述,同时指出了目前研究还存在的一些问题,为今后的研究提供了疗向。 相似文献
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Rathindra Nath Mandal Kuldeep Kumar Utkal Laxmi Mohanty & Prem Kumar Meher 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(13):1364-1369
This study examined the food organisms found in the gut of freshwater mussels, Lamellidens marginalis L. A total of 34 taxa of food organisms were recorded, out of which 30 taxa belonged to phytoplankton and four taxa to zooplankton. Both the groups comprised three families each: Cyanophyceae (blue‐green algae), Chlorophycea (green algae) and Bacillariophyceae (diatoms) constituted phytoplankton, whereas Euglenaceae, Chlamydodontidae and Brachionidae belonged to zooplankton. The total number of frequencies of phytoplankton (n=537) were almost nine times more than that of zooplankton (n=60). When blue‐green algae, green algae, diatoms and zooplankton (all the three families together) were tested for significant difference (P<0.05) following Duncan's multiple range test, the result showed only two groups. Blue‐green algae, green algae and zooplankton were not significantly different (P<0.05), forming group A, whereas diatoms were significantly different from others, forming group B. The present study showed that the maximum number of organisms that mussels feed upon belong to green algae, followed by diatoms, blue‐green algae and few taxa of zooplankton. 相似文献