绍鸭生长的内分泌机理

通过测定与有关的激素研究了绍鸭生长的内分泌机理。生长期生长激素（ＧＨ）的最大值出现在３５日龄,整个生长期ＧＨ的变化模式是先升后降。血浆生长抑素（ＳＳ）的最大值出现在３日龄,整个生长期ＳＳ的变化模式是先降后升。ＧＨ和ＳＳ的变化有很强的负相关（r＝０．８１８３）。公母绍鸭生长期三碘甲状腺原氨酸（Ｔ３）、甲状腺素（Ｔ４）水平 的变化模式基本相同。整个生长期,Ｔ３水平先降后升,生长早期（１５～３５日龄）血浆     

鸭生长激素(GH)基因编码区及调控区多态性分析

根据鸭生长激素基因编码区及调控区的序列设计8对引物,利用PCR-SSCP方法对北京鸭、西湖野鸭、樱桃谷鸭、金定鸭、山麻鸭、荆江鸭、绍兴鸭、缙云麻鸭等8个鸭种进行单核苷酸多态性分析。结果共发现3个突变位点,分别为230处（C→G）、244处（C→A）和3 701处（C→T）。前两处突变位于5′调控区,3 701处突变位于编码区第4外显子,但该编码区的突变是沉默突变,3′调控区表现了高度的保守性。统计结果发现：⑴在5′调控区基因座上,金定鸭的等位基因B频率显著高于其他品种;⑵在外显子4基因座上,基因型频率的分布与品种有关,且肉用型鸭的CC基因型频率显著高于蛋用型。可以推测,本研究所检测到的基因座可能与生产性能相关。     

不同饲喂水平对肉用绵羊生长性能、屠宰性能及器官指数的影响

本文旨在研究不同饲喂水平对20～35 kg杜寒杂交公羔的生长性能、屠宰性能和器官指数的影响.采用单因素完全随机区组试验设计,将21只平均体重为(19.14±2.37)kg公羔随机分为3组,按照自由采食(AL组)、自由采食量的70％(IR70组)和自由采食量的40％(IR40组)3个水平饲喂,每组7只羊,每只羊为1个重复.当AL组的试验羊体重达到35 kg时进行屠宰试验,测定生长性能、屠宰性能及重要内脏器官的重量和发育情况.试验期66 d.结果表明:不同的饲喂水平对净增重、平均日增重和干物质采食量有显著的影响(P＜0.05),生长性能和部分屠宰指标表现为相同的变化规律,即AL组＞IR70组＞IR40组,3组之间差异显著(P＜0.05);屠宰率、净肉率和胴体净肉率组间无显著性差异(P＞0.05);AL组瘤胃重占复胃总重比例最高,为67.08％,与IR70组差异不显著(P＞0.05);肝脏重占宰前活重比例以AL组最高,显著高于IR70和IR40组(P＜0.05).结果提示,饲喂水平对肉用绵羊生长性能、复胃的重量与发育、主要生理器官的发育具有不同程度的影响;本试验结果与NRC( 2007)肉羊的饲养标准有一定的差距.     

Associations between yearling body measurements and career racing performance in Thoroughbred racehorses

Yearling morphometric measurements and variables related to career racing performance were collected on 260 Thoroughbreds to determine correlations between and among these traits. Morphometric measurements were adjusted to 365 days based on interpolation from adjacent age points and included wither and hip height, body length, distal limb length, cannon circumference, heartgirth circumference, and chest width. Measures of career racing ability included total earnings, win percentage, and Standard Starts Index (SSI). Wither height and hip height were favorably correlated with lifetime earnings, SSI, and win percentage. Body length and heartgirth were positively correlated with SSI and win percentage. Leg traits were not correlated with any performance parameters. Horses that had placed in or won a stakes race tended to be taller at the wither and hip as yearlings. Horses categorized as preferring turf tended to be taller at the wither and hip at 365 days than those that preferred to run on dirt. No significant difference in yearling morphometric measurements between sprinters and routers was detected. In addition to phenotype and pedigree information, morphometric measurements taken in the yearling year may allow for more accurate estimation of future performance in the Thoroughbred racehorse.     

巴音布鲁克羊生长规律的研究

选择0～6月龄的纯种巴音布鲁克羊羔羊和巴音布鲁克羊经济杂交羔羊,在自然放牧状态下,观察羔羊生长规律及经济杂交效果。通过对母羊妊娠后期进行补饲,研究补饲对羔羊产后生长的影响。结果表明,巴音布鲁克羊从出生到6月龄的过程中,2～3月龄增长最快,其次是1～2月龄、0～1月龄;4～5月龄体重下降,5～6月龄又开始增加。妊娠后期母羊补饲对羔羊产后生长没有明显影响,经济杂交羔羊杂交优势明显,公、母羔羊累计生长体重均极显著高于纯种巴音布鲁克羔羊。所以根据羔羊生长规律,加强羔羊生长高峰期营养和管理,是提高巴音布鲁克羊经济效益的重要措施。     

草甘膦防除灌草丛草场灌木的研究

用草甘膦喷洒灌草丛草场灌木和半灌木对其防除效果及再生性进行了试验观察。结果表明,施药浓度０．０５％以上时,半灌木死亡率１００％;浓度０．５％以上时,灌木死亡率８５％以上,７５ｄ后无再生植株,１２０ｄ后,浓度０．５％以上时,无再生植株,浓度０．１５和０．０５％时再生植株分别为１株和３株,占观察数的４％和１２％。     

Delivery of growth factors using gene therapy to enhance bone healing

OBJECTIVE: To review the delivery of growth factors using gene therapy for enhancing long-bone fracture healing. STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. METHODS: MEDLINE and CAB Abstracts literature search (1980-2004). RESULTS: Non-union and infected non-union are relatively common complications of long-bone fractures in human and veterinary patients. Growth factors are cytokines that regulate many cell functions important in fracture healing. Exogenous growth factors can be delivered to the fracture site as recombinant proteins or using gene therapy. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7 (rhBMP-2 and -7), in particular, enhance fracture healing in numerous experimental and clinical studies. Some limitations with use of recombinant proteins may be overcome by use of gene therapy. Gene therapy involves delivery of the growth factor gene to cells at the fracture site using a viral or non-viral vector. The gene is then expressed (protein synthesis) by cells at the fracture site. Delivery of the BMP gene to the fracture site using gene therapy has been evaluated in laboratory animal models of non-union, with favorable results and without complications. CONCLUSION: Delivery of growth factors, particularly members of BMP family, to the fracture site using gene therapy may be a method to enhance fracture healing. Use of this technology may improve the prognosis for patients with long-bone fractures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinical application of gene therapy could improve the prognosis for human and veterinary patients with long-bone fractures, but has not been evaluated clinically.     

猪胰岛素样生长因子-1的研究进展

综述了猪胰岛素样生长因子-1近年来的研究工作,并提出存在的问题和展望.     

三峡库区川南山地黄牛及杂种后代生长曲线拟合分析

三峡库区川南山地黄牛及其8种杂种后代的体重资料用Logistic和Gompertz模型进行生长曲线拟合分析。结果表明:2种模型都能很好地拟合川南山地黄牛及其8种杂种后代的生长发育规律,但Gompertz模型尤佳。成熟体重最大的是西杂牛313.2373 kg,最小的是本地黄牛166.1484 kg。引进的8个肉牛品种对本地黄牛都有改良效果,较好的有西门塔尔牛、海福特、红安格斯、德国黄牛、利木赞牛。