Influence of Low Light Irradiance on Grain Filling in Rice (Oryza saliva L.) cultivars

Time course of grain filling pattern in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, grown under normal and low light intensities, was studied. The number of spikelets, partially filled grains and high density grains were monitored at a 5 day interval during grain filling period from uniform panicles tagged at anthesis. The low light tolerant cultivar Swarnaprabha had more high density grains and less partially filled grains throughout the grain filling period and at harvest compared to cultivar Ratna under both normal and low light intensities. Further, the opening of spikelets in two flushes in Swarnaprabha seemed to result in a more efficient resource allocation and hence better yield as compared to Ratna, in which the opening of spikelets was in a single flush on day 10.     

处理桥头跳车的几点认识

本文通过采用常规和采用新材料、新工艺(土工格栅)两种方法对处理桥头跳车现象进行了论述。重点介绍了采用土工格栅处理桥头跳车的具体做法。     

高温条件下超级稻对灌水处理的响应及原因分析

为预防高温天气对超级稻的影响,通过灌水深度和灌水时期试验,研究了超级稻产量和结实率对不同灌水深度和不同灌水时期的响应及原因。结果表明:不同灌水深度处理产量及结实率存在显著差异,灌水能提高产量和结实率,灌深水的效果比灌浅水好。不同灌水时期处理,灌水提高产量和结实率的幅度不同,效果最好的是在幼穗分化五期￣齐穗。不同灌水处理影响产量和结实率的原因是灌水能降低田间温度、减少日平均温度≥30℃或最高温度≥35℃天数以及灌水时超级稻发育对温度敏感程度不同。     

Long-term application of animal slurries to grassland alters soil cation balance

Abstract. Soil samples from a 32-year grassland field experiment were taken from 0–5, 5–10, and 10–15 cm soil depths in February 2002. Plots received annual treatments of unamended control, mineral fertilizer, three rates of pig slurry and three rates of cow slurry, each with six replicates. Samples were analysed for cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺), pH and Olsen P. Exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) was calculated as a sodicity indicator. Mean ESP was generally greater for slurry treatments than the control, with a trend of increasing ESP with application rate. This was particularly marked for cow slurry. At 0–5 cm depth ESP increased from 1.18 in the control to 1.75 at the highest rate of pig slurry and 5.60 at the highest rate of cow slurry. Similar trends were shown for CEC, exchangeable Na⁺, K⁺ and Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Olsen P. The build-up of soil P due to slurry applications, together with this combination of physical and chemical factors, may increase the risk of P loss to surface waters, particularly from soils receiving high rates of cow slurry.     

砼结构开裂原因分析及预防

该文简要说明了产生砼结构开裂原因及预防方法，分析了一些施工工艺技术引起的结构开裂因素及控制措施。     

略论骆驼的耐干渴能力

荒漠水源奇缺,常有干渴威协。骆驼长期在这种自然选择下,造就出一种十分惊人的耐干渴能力,十日不饮可照常供使役,30～40日内缺水不致有生命危险。据研究认为,骆驼高度耐渴的机理主要在于:一次能饮入60～80升甚至更多的水;能饮用含盐量相当高的水;血液和体液中保存水的能力很强;能节约散热、呼吸、排尿、排粪过程中的水份消耗;有较高排泄浓缩尿的能力;可有效利用体内的代谢水;即使高度失水(达体重的30%)也能短期耐受过去。正因其耐渴能力强,所以才使人类开发利用荒漠成为可能;使大面积缺水草埸和其它家畜所不能利用的灌木类植物得到合理利用;还能在缺水条件下持续分泌稀薄的低脂肪驼乳,为沙漠旅行者提供上等饮料。     

如何提高母猪的繁殖能力

分析了造成母猪繁殖能力低的因素主要表现为乏情期长和产仔数低，其次是不孕，流产，产弱仔，产木乃伊胎及死胎等。而繁殖障碍性疾病和饲养管理不当是突出的问题。提出了通过疾病控制和科学饲养来提高母猪繁殖能力的措施。     

舍温对猪饲料报酬的刺激效应

互助县丹麻乡泽林、锦州两个行政村地处海拔2800～3000m的河湟高位农作区，气侯较为寒冷。为提高农户养猪的饲料报酬，于1994年1月7日～1995年1月6日，沿用农民传统饲养方式，进行了暖棚与敞圈养猪饲料报酬的对比试验，其结果表明：日增重暖棚比敞圈猪多94．93g,提高饲料报酬50．06％，头均增加收益272．87元；重料比暖棚组与敞圈组分别为1：6．1和1：9．49，每kg增重暖棚组节约饲料3．39kg，节料率为86、72％；育肥一头110kg重的肉猪,可缩短饲养期182d，提高时效49．86％。     

基于单片机的脉码传输仪设计

以单片机为核心,采用软件、硬件相结合的方法,充分利用单片机的硬件中断资源,实时响应地面的声波逻辑脉冲,分离其接收和发射逻辑。同时该仪器以地面声波逻辑为工作时序,分时采集模拟道数据、脉冲道数据及向地面传输PCM数据。该脉码传输仪既能完成PCM3506的全部功能,又能监测仪器工作环境的温度及测井套管接箍的压力。