毛竹根际分离的地衣芽孢杆菌固氮特性研究

从毛竹根际分离到36株固氮菌，经初步镜检其中17株菌为芽孢杆菌，进一步鉴定确定其主要为多粘芽孢杆菌（Bacilluspolymyxa）和地衣芽孢杆菌（Bacilluslicheniformis），本文主要就其中菌号为G－8、G－12、G－14、G－17四株地衣芽孢杆菌的鉴定及固氮特性进行研究。结果显示：四株菌均为杆状，具芽孢孢孢囊稍膨大，它们的生理生化特性相同，但菌落形态有一些差异。G－8和G－17的最佳固氮温度为35℃左右，G－12和G－14的最佳固氮温度为30℃左右；G－12、G－8和G－14的最适固氮pH为6．0左右，G－17的最适固氮pH为6.0～7.5；四株菌都可利用碳源固氮，但均以葡萄糖为碳源时的固氮活性最高，依次为64．76、437．23、65．42、90．91nmolC2H4h-1，瓶-1。G－12在培养48h，G－8、G－14在培养96h，G－17在培养60h的固氮活性最高分别为138．50、122．01、170．87、109．81nmolC2H4．h-1.瓶-1。     

鲶鱼骨酶解物的降血压肽活性研究

以鲶鱼骨蛋白为原料制备ACE抑制肽,采用碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶进行酶解,通过体外检测法测定其抑制率,优选出最佳用酶。通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定了碱性蛋白酶酶用量、pH、酶解温度、酶解时间、底物浓度等因素对ACE活性抑制效果的影响。结果表明:利用碱性蛋白酶水解鲶鱼骨,酶用量为500U/g、pH值8.5、温度为60℃、底物浓度为0.33kg/L、时间6h时酶解液对ACE的抑制活性最强,抑制率为88.36%。通过比较,最佳酶解条件下得到的降血压肽的ACE抑制率要高于降血压药尼莫地平和硝苯地平的ACE抑制率。     

基于新形势下农民健身活动引发的再思考

在新形势下,开展农民健身活动是社会可持续发展和落实科学发展观的需要,是我国国情的需要。分析了开展农民健身活动存在的问题及其有利因素,提出要坚持具体问题具体分析,以点带面,统筹兼顾。     

苏云金芽孢杆菌YJ-2000菌株对家蚕安全性和杀虫活性的评价

应用时间-剂量-死亡率模型就苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)YJ-2000菌株对6种鳞翅目昆虫的杀虫活性作了初步评价。该菌株对家蚕基本无毒性,而对蔬菜害虫小菜蛾、菜粉蝶,水稻害虫三化螟、二化螟,桑树害虫桑螟幼虫均有不同程度的毒性,其中对小菜蛾和菜粉蝶的毒性最强;幼虫死亡率可高达100％。该菌株是对家蚕安全而对其它鳞翅目害虫具杀虫活性的特异性菌株,有望用于养蚕地区桑园及其邻近作物的鳞翅目害虫防治。     

茧壳水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠的降血糖作用

用不同剂量的茧壳水煎剂分别对正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠进行了降血糖作用研究。结果显示 :干茧壳剂量为 1 6、3 2g/kg·d的茧壳水煎剂对正常小鼠连续灌胃 2 0d ,其血糖水平没有明显变化 ;用干茧壳剂量为 1 6g/kg·d的茧壳水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠连续灌胃 2 0d ,或用干茧壳剂量为 3 2g/kg·d的茧壳水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠连续灌胃 10d ,其血糖没有显著降低 ;而干茧壳剂量为 3 2g/kg·d的茧壳水煎剂对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠连续灌胃 14、2 0d ,有显著的降血糖作用 ,但是若不继续灌胃给药 ,则 7d后 ,这种降血糖作用又丧失。该研究结果为利用蚕茧治疗糖尿病提供了药理学方面的依据     

Size-related factors causing individual variation in seasonal reproductive success of fluvial male Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma)

Abstract– Reproductive activities of individually identified fluvial Dolly Varden ( Salvelinus malma ) were observed during a breeding season in a small stream. Males and females both established dominance hierarchies based on body size. Females spawned from late October to late November, with no apparent peak, and larger females spawned earlier than small ones. Males competed for access to females by adopting two types of mating tactics: pairing and sneaking. The tactic used depended on the male's position in the dominance hierarchy of the breeding group. Seasonal reproductive activity and mating success of males were positively correlated with body size, with only the largest male monopolizing most of the mating opportunities, and the small males were rarely successful in mating. Smaller males, however, lost as much weight as large males during the breeding season. Females preferred the largest male in the breeding group as a mate, while males courted females of any size. It is suggested that the polygynous mating pattern is a consequence of size-related differences in competitive ability among males, and the degree of monopolization is affected by both the temporal distribution and the spawning tactics of the females.     

Comparison of the antioxidant activities of 22 commonly used culinary herbs and spices on the lipid oxidation of pork meat

The antioxidant activities of 22 selected culinary herbs and spices (i.e. ginger, cinnamon, clove, bay, sage, rosemary, thyme, savory, oregano, sweet basil, parsley, coriander, tarragon, sansho, allspice, cumin, black and white peppercorns, nutmeg, caraway, dill and fennel) when they were added to pork homogenate were measured and expressed as a thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value. The addition of liquid extracts of all the herbs and spices significantly suppressed lipid oxidation of the pork, especially the extracts of sansho, sage and ginger, which showed the strongest inhibition of lipid oxidation.     

双峰驼精清诱导排卵活性成分的DEAE—纤维素柱层析分离及其生物活性

选用DEAE－纤维素离子交换柱对双峰驼精清进行分离，各层析组分用于大鼠垂体组织体外培养，并给母驼肌注有活性的组分，以RIA法测定垂体组织培养液和母驼血浆中LH及FSH的浓度。结果表明，驼精清经DEAE－纤维素柱分离后可得到5个蛋白组分（L1－L5），其中L3在大鼠垂体培养时引起LH释放明显增加（P＜0．05），FSH则无明显变化。给卵巢上无大卵泡发育的母驼肌注有活性的组分L3，可引起血浆中LH明显升高，FSH也无变化。由此表明，L3在体内外试验中均具有引起LH释放的生物活性，它可能是诱导排卵的活性因子或其成分之一。