果脯中SO2残留量与硫处理方法相关性的研究

果脯生产过程中进行硫处理,能改善成品的色泽,防止褐变。本试验结果表明:果脯经硫处理,成品和糖液中SO_2残留量受亚硫酸盐使用浓度、使用方法、处理时间、原料种类及制作工艺等诸因素的影响。采用0.2％亚酸酸氢钠溶液浸泡果坯8h,或1％亚硫酸氢钠溶液浸泡果坯2h的硫处理方法,可使果脯中SO_2残留量保持在国家标准规定的允许范围内,并对保持和改善果脯色泽,提高产品质量有较好的效果。     

Biocontrol Efficacy of Two Antagonistic Yeasts Against Postharvest Diseases in Peach Fruits During Storage Periods

Two antagonistic yeasts, Thichosporon pullulans and Cryptococcus laurentii, were investigated for their biocontrol potential to blue mold rot and rhizopus rot on harvested peach fruits (Prunus persica L. Batsch, cv. Okubao), alone or in combination with a Iow dose of iprodione (50 μg mi-1 ). The results indicated that T. pullulans and C. laurentii were effective at reducing disease incidence and severity of blue mold rot and rhizopus rot in peach fruits. Biocontrol efficacy of C. laurentii and T. pullulans were significantly enhanced by combination with a Iow dose of iprodione (50 μg mi-1) against blue mold and rhizopus rot in peach fruits. T. pullulans and C. laurentii combined with a low dose of iprodione (50 μg mi-1 ) resulted in better disease control than either iprodione or the yeasts used alone. Dipping fruits in suspensions of antagonist cells showed the similar control effect as the treatment with iprodione (500 μg ml-1 ).     

多糖涂膜保鲜果蔬的研究进展

简要综述了多糖涂膜在果蔬保鲜上的应用；探讨多糖涂膜保鲜的机理；分析多糖涂膜在果蔬保鲜应用中存在的问题，并对其前景进行展望。     

中国果蔬汁饮料制造业分析及建议

运用传统产业组织理论分析了中国果蔬汁饮料制造业的市场结构、企业行为以及经济绩效。结果表明,我国果蔬汁饮料制造业行业集中度较低,属于垄断竞争型的市场结构。目前市场上尚未形成具有支配性力量的企业,市场竞争激烈,企业间的竞争行为倾向于品牌的构建,同时行业经济绩效呈现增长态势。     

樱桃果实贮藏研究

对樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus)果实贮藏处理表明,简易自发气调(MA)冷藏35天,好果率为74.27%～94.61%,且无霉烂、褐变、软化和保持果实新鲜度。其最佳贮藏期为28天.其中,SP 膜剂+薄膜包装处理效果最佳。此外,还对樱桃贮藏期间营养成分的变化和 POD、CAT、电导率等生理指标作了相关性测定.     

果园综合管理对从化三华李树体生长及果实品质的影响

三华李是从化市的特色水果之一,但是近年来由于效益下降,从化三华李果园几乎失管,导致果树生长势弱、病虫危害严重、果实产量低、果品质量差.对果园采取包括整形修剪、合理施肥和病虫害防治等的综合管理措施后,三华李树体在1～2年内恢复了树势,果实产量大幅度提高,果实品质得到改善并符合国家无公害果品的生产标准,实现了高产、优质、安全的生产目的.     

水果蔬菜品质的无损检测方法的研究与应用

在分析水果和蔬菜品质评估和控制的常规方法的基础上,分析研究了水果蔬菜的无损品质检测的新技术和方法,主要的技术有碰撞试验法、音频和声波振动法、X射线法、核磁共振法、图像分析法及激光技术等.研究了采用这些方法进行水果和蔬菜多种品质指标的无损检测新方法,为水果蔬菜的快速无损检测提供了方法和依据.     

Sensitivity in the estimation of parameters fitted by simple linear regression models in the ratio of blueberry buds to fruits in Chile using percentage counting

Blueberry exporting is an important activity in Chile, with fresh blueberries commanding the highest prices and being among the most exported products to the European and North American markets. To maintain quality in the centres of consumption, farmers must continuously improve the logistics of harvesting and shipping the blueberries. Thus every year they must calculate the production of the orchard well in advance in order to hire staff and ensure the logistic cold chain. For this calculation they use a count of flower buds and a simple linear model of which the slope parameter represents the number of fruits per bud. However, due to the cost of the counting procedure, some producers count only a fraction of each plant (25%, 50% or 100%), and furthermore they do not know what effect the variety and productive age of the plants may have on the estimation. The objective of this work is to measure the impact of the cultivated variety, the age of the plant in productive years, and the percentage of fruits counted in estimating the parameter fruits per bud. The study involved monitoring 310 plants of different varieties and ages distributed in northern, central and southern Chile (over an area of approximately 700 km × 200 km). The parameter was estimated by fitting simple linear regression models (SLRM) as a function of the number of fruits and flower buds. To evaluate the impact on the parameter, the SLRM was fitted considering the variables observed in all the plants, by percentage counted, by variety and by variety-age of the plant. The major findings indicate significant differences in the estimation of the parameter, suggesting that in order to estimate fruits per bud the whole plant must be counted and its age and variety taken into account.     

冬春季市售主要水果中VC含量测定与营养分析

以冬、春季市售主要水果为试材,采用2,6-二氯靛酚钠滴定法测定其VC含量。结果表明:猕猴桃、柠檬、芒果、菠萝、香蕉、梨、苹果中VC含量分别为298.90、68.31、41.84、20.09、12.79、7.64、4.46mg/100g。在测定结果的基础上,对如何合理有效地从水果中摄入人体每日所需VC进行了分析,并对水果中VC的保存措施提出新思路。     

“黄金梨”叶片及果实中主要矿质元素量变化及相关关系

以“黄金梨”和“鸭梨”为试材,分析了叶片和果实中主要矿质元素含量年变化及其二者间的相关关系.结果表明:叶片内氮、磷、钾含量随叶龄增长而降低,钙含量随叶龄增长而升高,镁则前期增加,后期减少;果实中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁含量随果实膨大而呈递减趋势.“黄金梨”叶片和果实中氮磷钾含量高于“鸭梨”.“黄金梨”叶片中氮磷含量和果实中氮磷含量呈显著正相关,镁则呈负相关.