Concentration variations of several ions in stream after a wildfire

In May 2006, a high intensity wildfire occurred in Songling forest region in Daxing＇an Mountains, China. The concentration changes of eight ions （K^＋, Na^＋, Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cl^-, Br^-, NO3^- and SO4^2-） were measured in burned and tmbumed streams after fire from May to Oct., 2006. Results show that the most ions flux were higher in burned stream than that in unburned stream during the sampling period, and the greatest concentrations of most ions transported from burned stream occurred in July. After fire, the most amplitude chemical ion was Ca^2＋, whose average concentration was 5.50 mg·L^-1 higher than that in unburned stream, and the total concentration of every chemical ion presents a trend Ca^2＋〉SO4^2- 〉Na^＋〉Mg^2＋〉NO3^- . The average concentrations of Ca^2＋, SO4^2- , Na^＋＇Mg^2＋,NO3^- showed an increase trend, but those of K^＋, Cl^- , Br had a decreased trend. SO4^2- had the largest loss among these anions, followed by NO3^-. Overall, the increase degree of cation was greater than that of anion after burning.     

城镇化建设中工业遗产的保护与利用途径——以木鱼石矿区为例

随着时间的更迭与前进,城镇化建设中产生了大量面临淘汰或闲置的工业遗产．它们承载了各种不同的经验与文化累积,对于复兴城市经济活力、延续城市文脉有着极其重要的意义。但是这些具有历史意义与价值的对象有些面临淘汰,有些被保存的工业遗产,从保护的实质层面而言,则缺乏尊重文脉、注重可持续发展的理念。作者以木鱼石矿区为例,不仅关注有形的物质形态的保护与利用,还关注精神与历史记忆的保存,并从更全面地视角,提出了工业遗产保护与利用的途径,为城镇化建设中的工业遗产研究提供了新的思路和可能。     

基于ATV平台的全地形立体草原防火系统

提出以ATV(全地形车)为移动平台,搭载各种灭火、通讯装备,组成一种反应迅速的草原消防灭火系统,并将复杂地形移动技术、灭火技术和遥控通讯技术有机地融合在一起.对系统方案做了详细介绍,该系统有助于实现草原防火“早发现、早扑灭”的目标,可大大减少火灾损失.     

Stockings for protection of containerized conifer seedlings against pine weevil (Hylobius abietis L.) damage

The effectiveness of a stocking, constructed of nylon and cotton netting, in protecting containerized conifer seedlings against pine weevil attack was evaluated in field tests on 37 clear‐cut reforestation areas in southern and central Sweden. The stockings significantly reduced pine weevil feeding on treated seedlings as well as seedling mortality. The protective effect of the stockings was similar to that of an insecticide (permethrin) treatment. In most experiments the survival of stocking‐enclosed seedlings was satisfactory from a practical point of view, whereas untreated control seedlings suffered heavy mortality.     

河滩地杨树防护林生长量与气候因子关系研究

杨树是我国低山丘陵半干旱区河滩地重要的防护用材林树种之一,探讨其生长量与气候因子的定量关系,可为该地区河滩地杨树防护用材林集约栽培及其低产林的更新改造提供科学依据。本文以该地区大、小凌河两岸河滩地为典型试验区,经多年连续观测,通过林木调查和树干解析,应用多元逐步回归和灰色系统理论与方法,建立了杨树生态防护用材林高生长量与气候环境因子的回归模型,气候环境因子对其生长量影响程度的灰色关联顺序为光>水>气>热,即可认为影响杨树高生长的主导因子是光照因子,其次是水分因子,再次是热量因子。表2参17。     

广西野生动物非法利用和走私的种类初步调查

广西独特的地理位置使得广西成为全国野生动物贸易的集散地之一。为了解广西野生动物的走私种类及其季节性变化,作者统计了广西2007～2008年已破获的非法利用和走私野生动物案件涉及的种类及其季节性变化。结果表明2007和2008年分别查获案件54起和61起。野生动物走私和非法案件中涉及种类共有71种,隶属15目33科,其中两栖类2种,占所有种数的2.8%;爬行类27种（蜥蜴类8种、龟鳖类5种、鳄类1种、蛇类13种）,占38.0%;鸟类25种,占35.2%;哺乳类17种,占23.9%。2007和2008年查获的非法利用和走私野生动物分别是56种和32种,非法利用或走私的种类主要是珍稀濒危的种类,数量大,种类多。广西的野生动物走私和非法利用需要引起关注。     

浅谈如何提高造林质量

如何提高造林质量,严把总体规划关;严把整地质量关;严把苗木质量关;严把栽植质量关;严把管护质量关;严把抚育质量关。     

Age and spatial structure of natural Pinus sylvestris stands in Latvia

Abstract

The age and spatial structure of six natural old growth Pinus sylvestris stands in Latvia were investigated, to attempt to identify retrospectively the past features of development. In each stand, one or two plots of size 200–900 m² were established. Tree locations were mapped, stem diameter was measured, and tree age was determined from cores or by counting branch whorls. Tree distribution was assessed by Ripley's K function. A clumped spatial pattern was shown for P. sylvestris younger than 100 years. The temporal patterns of establishment could be partly linked to favourable climatic periods. The major disturbance affecting pine stands along the coast was windblown sand, which partly buried some stems and probably affected the patterns of seedling recruitment and mortality. Disturbance caused by fire had a major role in determining the past regimens of mortality and establishment in dry stands located inland. The successful invasion during the last century of spruce in more mesic plots with a pine overstorey may be due to fire suppression.     

遥感技术在火监测中的应用研究综述

火是地球表面频繁发生的异变现象,也是森林、灌丛、草地等生态系统中植被演替的主要动力。植被火烧释放出来的大量气溶胶颗粒物以及各种痕量气体,会引发大气环境和全球碳循环过程的深刻改变。遥感卫星能够监测和记录全球地表信息,尤其适用于地表异变现象特别强烈的火灾事件。遥感技术在野火识别和监测中的应用主要为了实现以下4个目的:1）火点精确地理位置判定;2）在燃火线的范围制图和火场发展趋势判定;3）火烧强度评价;4）火烧迹地植被恢复监测与评价。文中总结了遥感卫星技术和数据在火险评价与制图、火点识别、火烧面积统计以及火烧迹地植被恢复评价中的应用和贡献。     

森林火点定位报警系统设计与开发

清远市地处粤北山区,跨中亚热带、南亚热带,森林资源十分丰富。清远市境内森林火灾比较频繁,全市平均每年烧山29.4次,年平均受灾面积为304.8hm2,损失较为严重。森林火点定位报警系统能够在监测到火点时及时报警通知值班人员,快捷直观地显示火点的位置,并将火点发生的时间、经度、纬度、象素等信息存入数据库,提供相应的查询功能。