健康生活视角下南京科巷片区街巷空间微更新探索

南京科巷片区曾经是一种合理、宜居的城市公共空间形态,然而随着外部社会环境条件的变化尤其是2020年新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的冲击,使得科巷产生许多问题与矛盾,并在特殊时期产生了健康管理风险。选取南京科巷片区6条街巷空间为研究对象,从街巷空间体系、文化体系以及使用人群3个角度进行调研分析,梳理现状存在的问题,从健康生活的视角提出科巷改造的城市微更新设计策略:1)街巷空间的集约化利用;2)街道家具延续街巷文化;3)构建智慧生态化健康生活体系。     

双质量飞轮内部传动结构强度及疲劳寿命分析

随着初级飞轮与次级飞轮相对转角的变化,分段变刚度双质量飞轮具有不同的刚度特性和非线性变化转矩,双质量飞轮内部传动结构作为传递动力和运动部分,结构可靠性和使用寿命必须保证。将建立的三维CAD模型导入HyperMesh软件中进行有限元分析前处理,建立了有限元分析模型,经过仿真求解计算,分析了结构变形、应力分布特点,对比分析和讨论了静强度和接触强度分析模型的结果,预测了结构疲劳寿命,结果表明:结构的静强度满足工作要求,在变载荷作用下结构的疲劳寿命远超过100万次,属于高周疲劳,能够满足要求。     

不同保鲜剂对石竹梅切花保鲜效果的研究

本文主要用蔗糖、柠檬酸、硝酸钙配制的不同配方的保鲜剂对石竹梅鲜切花进行瓶插试验,观察了不同配方的保鲜剂在当地自然条件下对切花外观品质和瓶插寿命的影响,从中筛选出石竹梅切花的较佳保鲜配方。试验研究表明,2%的蔗糖+100mg/L柠檬酸+0.2%硝酸钙的保鲜剂配方对石竹梅切花保鲜效果是最好的,比未经处理的石竹梅鲜切花瓶插寿命延长6-8天。     

紫菜的生殖与生活史研究进展

紫菜（Porphyra sp．）是目前世界上人工养殖海藻中经济价值较高的种类。紫菜通过不同的生殖方式来完成生活史，从而达到繁衍后代的目的。紫菜的生殖主要有无性生殖和有性生殖，单性生殖是一种特殊的有性生殖。紫菜生殖方式的多样性决定了生活史的多样性，这是进化过程中对不同环境做出的不同反应。紫菜的生殖和生活史受基因控制属遗传基础研究，它对紫菜的育种应用起着重要的指导作用。本文对紫菜生殖和生活史的研究状况以及研究中存在的问题进行评述，旨为紫菜的育种的研究和应用提供理论参考。     

Modeling the egg and larval transport pathways of the Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) in the East Antarctic region: New insights into successful transport connections

The Antarctic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) is an important fishery species widely distributed in the Southern Ocean, especially in areas covered by sea ice. Understanding fish distributions and life cycles, including the transport and survival of eggs and larvae, is essential for the assessment and sustainable management of the fishery. However, owing to difficulties with in situ winter observations, information on the early life stages of D. mawsoni is lacking. Here, we investigated the transport pathways of fish eggs and larvae through a particle tracking study, using satellite-derived ocean surface velocities in the East Antarctic region, which includes important D. mawsoni habitats and exploratory fisheries. Our results indicate that particles released from continental slopes are more likely to be successfully transported to suitable settlement grounds than those released from the BANZARE Bank (the southern region of the Kerguelen Plateau), which is situated further north and has been hypothesized to be a potential spawning ground for D. mawsoni. This study demonstrates successful source–settlement connections in relation to ocean recirculation and suggests important settlement regions for D. mawsoni larvae in the East Antarctic region.     

Determination of the quality parameters of pike perch <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sander lucioperca</Emphasis> caught by gillnet,longline and harpoon in Turkey

ABSTRACT:   The effects of the different catching methods (gillnet, longline, harpoon) on sensory, chemical (pH, total volatile base nitrogen, K -value) and microbiological (total viable count [TVC]) changes in pike perch Sander lucioperca stored in ice were investigated. The same soaking time was used for both gillnet and longline fishing. The catching method had considerable influence on the freshness quality of pike perch. The acceptable shelf life was 15 days for pike perch caught by gillnet, and 22 days for longline and harpoon. The initial concentrations of inosine monophosphate (2.4 μmol/g) in pike perch caught by gillnet were significantly lower ( P  < 0.05) than longline (4.1 μmol/g), and especially by harpoon (16.7 μmol/g). However, the initial K -values for fish caught by harpoon were significantly ( P  < 0.05) lower (24.36%) than fish caught by longline and gillnet (57.69%, 64.41%, respectively). The average K , Ki, G and H -values at rejection day in terms of sensory assessment were approximately 90, 98, 156 and 40%, respectively, for all catching methods during ice storage. However, TVC reached 7.0 log cfu/g after approximately 11 days of storage for fish caught by gillnet, 19 days for fish caught by longline and 8 days for fish caught by harpoon. The result of this study suggests that the best catching method for preserving the freshness of pike perch is longline, based on the data obtained from the sensory and microbiological analysis.     

云南省水生生物保护区现状及保护建议

云南省水生生物资源丰富,并有大量的土著种和特有种。近年来,由于水环境破坏、滥捕酷鱼等因素影响,导致很多物种处于濒危甚至灭绝的险境。至2013年底,云南省有各级水生生物自然保护区17个,水产种质资源保护区18个,但相对于境内丰富的水生生物和极其严重的水生生物生存状况而言,水生生物的保护工作任重而道远。藉此,提出增加保护区面积,加强管理,积极治理与修复水环境,建立、健全法律法规,加大对水生生物多样性和保育的研究,建立物种基因库等保护建议。     

Migration of anadromous white-spotted charr <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salvelinus leucomaenis</Emphasis>, as determined by otolith strontium: calcium ratios

ABSTRACT:   The migratory history of anadromous white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis collected from Japanese coastal waters, was examined in terms of strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) uptake in the otolith, by means of wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry using an electron microprobe. Otolith Sr concentration or Sr : Ca ratios of anadromous S. leucomaenis , fluctuated strongly along the life history transect in accordance with the migration (habitat) pattern from sea to fresh water. The anadrmous S. leucomaenis showed phase L (low Sr : Ca ratio) from the core to the point 1000–2500 µm distant, averaging 1.3 × 10⁻³ to 2.7 × 10⁻³ and thereafter, the ratios increased sharply, being higher than 5.0 × 10⁻³ to 10.0 × 10⁻³. These findings indicated that otolith Sr : Ca ratios reflected individual life histories, enabling a sea habitat to be identified from a freshwater habitat in this species.