Identification of a RAPD marker linked to a brown planthopper resistance gene in rice

We report the tagging of a brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene (Bph–1) in rice using RAPD and RFLP markers. The Korean rice variety ‘Gayabyeo’ has dominant duplicate genes including Bph–1 conferring resistance to biotype 1 of BPH. Bulked segregant RAPD analysis was employed for rapid identification of DNA markers linked to resistance genes. For tagging these two genes, an F2F3 population from a ‘Gayabyeo’ × ‘Nagdongbyeo’ cross was developed and evaluated for BPH resistance. Three bulked DNAs from two groups of homozygous BPH resistant (each for Bph–1 and the other unknown gene) and homozygous susceptible F2 plants were analyzed by RAPD using 140 random oligomers. One primer, OPD–7 yielded a 700-bp fragment that was present in Gayabyeo and resistant F2 plants (homozygous for Bph-1 locus) but absent in Nagdongbyeo and susceptible F2 plants. Cosegregation of this marker with Bph-1 was verified using an F2 population segregating for Bph-1. Chromosomal regions surrounding the Bph-1 were examined with additional RFLP and microsatellite markers on chromosome 12 to define the location of the RAPD marker and Bph-1. Use of this RAPD marker could facilitate early selection of resistant lines for BPH. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

籼粳交加倍单倍体后代性状遗传的研究

对一个典型的籼/粳组合、窄叶青8号/京系17的F1花药进行培养,所获二倍体花粉植株除约20%自然结实率为0外,其余植株的结实率在1%至正常结实之间,65%株系在75%以上,并稳定地传至自交后代。对130多个加倍单倍体(DH)多种性状的遗传进行了研究与分析,结果表明,花药培养可以克服籼/粳后代包括育性在内的各种性状长期分离不易     

AFLP分子标记在玉米优良自交系优势群划分中的应用

本文利用AFLP分子标记技术研究了17个玉米优良自交系的遗传多样性, 4个AFLP引物组合分别扩增出30、 30、 44、 41条多态性带, 平均每个引物组合扩出36.25条带, 4个引物组合共扩增出145条带, 每一个引物组合都可将17个自交系完全分开。 利用AFLP数据、 进行聚类分析, 将17个优良自交系聚为6群, 结果表明, 用AFLP标记进     

陆地棉抗病虫性和一些重要经济性状之间的相互影响

1996～1998年,分别在自然病圃、人工病圃、网室和温室对19份陆地棉品系的抗病虫性和经济性状进行了全面鉴定。结果表明,这些陆地棉品系对不同病虫害的抗性相互之间存在高度正相关。其抗性、产量和品质主要指标之间也存在密切的正向或负向相关关系。在育种中如能协调好这些重要性状的相互关系,就能培育出高产、优质和兼抗病虫的棉花新品种。     

我国开展食品安全风险分析的问题与对策

食品安全风险分析既是先进的管理模式,又是科学的思维方式。近几年我国食品安全事件频发,需要加快开展食品安全风险分析,以防患于未然。介绍了食品安全风险分析的基本原理,指出了我国开展食品安全风险分析的问题,并提出有关对策,以期对提高我国的食品安全水平有所裨益。     

同异分析法在评价气象因子与水稻产量关系中的初步研究

运用同异分析法,分析和评价了信阳市1996～2005年度水稻生长期间主要气象因子,结果表明：1997、1999和2001年为丰产年份;1996、1998、2002和2004年为平产年份;2000、2003和2005年为歉产年份。分析方法切实可行,评价结论客观合理,为科学评价年度间的水稻气象产量提供了一条新的途径。     

转甘蔗pepc基因籼稻恢复系N175的遗传学分析

磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPCase)是C4双羧酸循环途径中CO2固定初始反应的一种酶,在该酶作用下,C4植物的光合速率,特别是在强光高温条件下,明显高于C3植物.甘蔗属于禾本科甘蔗属,为C4作物之一.本研究对转甘蔗pepc基因水稻恢复系N175的转基因后代进行遗传学分析,Southern blot检测结果表明,甘蔗pepc基因已经整合到水稻恢复系N175基因组中,在一些转基因株系中,甘蔗pepc基因以单拷贝的方式整合到杂交水稻恢复系N175的基因组中.对转甘蔗pepc基因的水稻恢复系N175株系进行光合效率分析,结果表明转基因株系的光合效率显著高于非转基因对照.在转基因株系中,最高的光合效率为26.50μmol·m-2·s-1,与非转基因对照相比,光合效率提高了106%,说明甘蔗的pepc基因在一定程度上可以提高转基因水稻的光合效率.     

The genetic relationship between popping expansion volume and two yield components in popcorn using unconditional and conditional QTL analysis

Popping expansion volume (PEV) is the most important quality trait in popcorn, while its germplasm is inferior to normal dent/flint corn in yield. In this study, 259 F_2:3 families, developed from the cross between a dent corn inbred Dan232 and a popcorn inbred N04, were evaluated for their PEV, grain weight per plant (GWP) and 100-grain weight (100 GW) in two environments. The genetic relationship between PEV and GWP, and 100 GW on individual gene loci were evaluated using unconditional and conditional QTL mapping methods. In total, five, one and three unconditional QTL were identified for PEV, GWP, and 100 GW, respectively. The positive alleles of all QTL for PEV were from N04, while positive alleles of all QTL for GWP and 100 GW were from Dan232. In conditional mapping, one and two QTL failed to be detected, and all four additional QTL were detected. Nevertheless, three QTL were identified, which controlled PEV independently from GWP/100 GW. They seemed to be potential candidates in popcorn breeding to increase PEV without decreasing GWP/100 GW. The results suggested that for significantly correlated traits, the conditional QTL mapping method could be used to dissect the genetic interrelationship between traits at the level of individual QTL, as well as reveal additional QTL that were undetectable by unconditional mapping.     

环媒恒温基因扩增技术文献计量分析

摘要：通过环媒恒温的文献量、文献内容、文献作者分布等方面分析国内外环媒恒温基因扩增技术的研究现状及存在问题,揭示并预测环媒恒温基因扩增技术在基因检测中的特点和其研究趋势、发展方向,为环媒恒温科学研究及信息交流提供参考依据。