湛江地区无偿献血人群HTLV-I感染状况的调查研究

目的 了解湛江地区无偿献血员中HTLV—I感染情况。方法采用ELISA法检测7630名湛江地区无偿献血者血清中HTLV抗体，其中1896名为外地人群，5734名为本地人群。阳性者进行双孔复检，仍阳性者采用PCR法进行确证及系统发生树分析。结果ELISA法检测1896名外地人群HTLV-I抗体阴性；5734名本地无偿献血者中发现1例HTLV-I感染，PCR确证仍为阳性，阳性率为0．17‰。获得1株同属世界群世界人种亚型的HTLV-I毒株的部分核酸序列。结论建议在本地区无偿献血员中开展HTLV-I常规筛查。     

杉木无性系采穗圃萌芽发生动态、施肥效应及其管理

在福建邵武地区杉木无性系采穗圃,对４－６年生的采穗母株进行了边续３ａ的定株观测,以了解不同处理下母株萌芽,生长规律,并进行了采穗圃施肥初步试验。结果表明：采穗母株萌芽发生有较强的规律性,８月下旬全面清条后,９月为３孕芽期,１０月为芽条速生期,１１月为芽条生长缓慢期,直至停止生长。     

供体细胞系基因座位特异DNA 甲基化多态性 及其与猪克隆效率的关联分析

利用甲基化限制性酶切试验(Combined bisulfite restriction analysis, COBRA）和亚硫酸盐转换PCR (Bisulfite sequencing PCR , BSP）后测序的方法,筛选猪体细胞克隆优势供体细胞提供基因座位特异的DNA 甲基化 遗传标记。比较8 个发育重要基因的差异甲基化区域(Differentially methylated regions,DMRs）在不同克隆供体细胞系 中的DNA 甲基化多态性,并与猪克隆成绩进行关联分析。结果表明院除了XIST-DMR2 和H19-DMR3 DNA 甲基化变 异幅度较小(低于10%）外,其他基因的相关座位均存在一定的COBRA 多态性,其中,LINE1-DMR1、POU5F1-DMR1 和NANOG-DMR1 等3 个差异甲基化化区域在克隆效率最高细胞系中处均处于最低程度的DNA 甲基化状态,因此, 可作为筛选猪体细胞克隆优势供体细胞系的潜在的DNA 甲基化遗传标记。     

Contribution of donor and host oysters to the cultured pearl colour in Pinctada martensii

Cultured free round pearls are produced by implanting a spherical nucleus with a small piece of nacre‐secreting mantle graft from a donor oyster into the gonad of a recipient oyster (host). To examine the possible contribution of host and donor oysters to the colouration of the harvested pearls, the CSE‐1 Imaging and Color‐Measuring System were used to quantitatively measure the L*a*b* values of donor and host shells and the produced pearls in Pinctada martensii. Results showed that the colour of pearls had significant positive correlation (r = 0.1–0.22, P = 0.00) with that of donors, but had no correlation with that of host oysters, thus convincingly confirmed the contribution of nacre colour of donor to the realization of pearl quality of colour. To further clarify the relationship between the donor and the pearl colour, the donors from pearls of good and poor colour quality were further compared and the results demonstrated the significant difference in L* values (P < 0.05) and insignificant difference in a* and b* values, suggesting the necessity of selecting donors with bright and lustrous nacre in pearl production.     

Revealing Genetic Relationship and Prospecting of Novel Donors Among Upland Rice Genotypes Using qDTY-Linked SSR Markers

A total of 17 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to QTLs (qDTYs) governing grain yield under reproductive stage (RS) drought stress were used to assess the genetic relationship and prospecting new donors for qDTYs among 32 popular upland rice genotypes. These SSR markers generated a total of 36 alleles with an average allele count of 2.1 per locus. Polymorphic information content value of the markers ranged from 0.376 to 0.662 with an average value of 0.484. The expected heterozyogosity ranged from 0.381 to 0.632. STRUCTURE analysis divided the 32 genotypes into three sub-populations. Subsequent phenotyping revealed that all the tolerant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population, whereas the moderately tolerant and susceptible genotypes were grouped into separate sub-populations. Phylogenetic tree constructed by the unweighted neighbour-joining method also divided the genotypes into three clusters. The grouping pattern of genotypes into the clusters was similar to that into the STRUCTURE analysis, on the basis of drought tolerance level. The average value of genetic dissimilarity coefficient among the genotypes was observed to be 0.486. Furthermore, by combining genotyping data with phenotyping data, 16 new donors for 6 qDTYs were identified.     

AQDS加速红壤性水稻土中DDT厌氧脱氯效应研究

电子供体基质和电子穿梭体对电子转移过程有重要影响,进而可能影响厌氧反应体系中2,2-双(4-氯苯基)-1,1,1-三氯乙烷(DDT)还原脱氯降解。为了阐明电子供体基质正丁酸与电子穿梭体蒽醌-2,6-二磺酸盐(AQDS)对红壤性水稻土中DDT还原脱氯效果的影响,本研究采用厌氧土壤培养试验并设定以下5个处理:1灭菌对照,2对照,3正丁酸,4AQDS,5正丁酸+AQDS。结果表明,厌氧培养20 d后,土壤中DDT可提取态残留量减少了85.2%~96.3%。DDT厌氧脱氯降解的主要产物为2,2-双(4-氯苯基)-1,1-二氯乙烷DDD。添加正丁酸在培养前8d显著提高产CH4速率,而对DDT脱氯降解无显著促进作用,第8天之后,随着产CH4速率降低,添加正丁酸处理的DDT脱氯速率逐渐升高。添加AQDS显著增强土壤还原性并加速三价铁氧化物还原生成电子供体二价铁,进而显著促进DDT还原脱氯降解。同时添加正丁酸和AQDS对促进DDT还原脱氯的效果最佳,但是正丁酸和AQDS对加速DDT还原脱氯无显著交互作用。本研究结果对于制定DDT污染土壤的高效原位修复技术方案具有指导意义。     

母株年龄和生长调节剂对俄罗斯大果沙棘嫩枝扦插生根的影响

研究了母株年龄、植物生长调节剂与其浓度对俄罗斯大果沙棘嫩枝扦插生根效果的影响。结果表明：所有因素对插穗生根率、生根数与平均根长均影响极显著（P〈0.01）;母株年龄为1年生插穗的生根效果好于2年生,植物生长调节剂NAA优于IBA与ABT2,植物生长调节剂的浓度以200mg/L为最佳。使用200mg/L的NAA处理1年生...     

Factors influencing the somatic cell nuclear transfer efficiency in pigs

Using a data set from our laboratory, we assessed the effects of several factors on pig cloning efficiency. The results demonstrated that cells at high confluence (>90%) used as donor cell resulted in higher pregnancy rate, delivery rate and overall cloning efficiency (number of live offspring born per reconstructed embryo transferred to recipients) compared with the cells at 60% to 79% confluence and 80% to 89% confluence. Cells with four, five and six passages compromised the pregnancy and delivery rates compared with first passage cells. The number of blastocysts transferred by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) did not significantly affect the cloning efficiency, but transfer of blastocyst derived from in vitro culture 5 d after SCNT achieved a significantly higher pregnancy rate compared with one to two cell SCNT embryos from overnight culture. The highest pregnancy rate, delivery rate and the largest litter size were obtained when Bama Miniature pig fibroblasts were used as donor cells and Landrace/Yorkshire hybrid gilts were used as recipients. Recipients treated with chemicals for estrus synchronization had higher pregnancy rates compared with untreated recipients. Our data might be helpful for improving SCNT efficiency in pigs.     

一种具有NO释放作用的丹皮酚衍生物的设计与合成

用水蒸气蒸馏法从中药丹皮中提取活性成分丹皮酚,通过溴代和取代反应合成了一种具有NO释放作用的新型丹皮酚衍生物,以期通过NO与丹皮酚的协同作用,增强衍生物在心血管方面的活性,产物结构经1H-NMR、元素分析及MS表征。     

分子标记辅助选择在回交育种中的两种数学模型及其原理剖析

本文简要剖析了两种分子标记辅助选择在回交育种中的数学模型及应用原理,从数学推导方面阐明了双分子标记与单分子标记在辅助选择方面的效率,证明了在回交选择育种中使用双分子标记可以大大提高辅助选择的效率。