西南涌流域农业面源污染状况分析

以西南涌流域为研究对象,通过实地考察,对其农业面源污染现状进行分析,并分析了研究区域内化肥农药流失、畜禽养殖和农村生活污染对面源TN、TP的影响。最后,针对该流域农业面源污染的特点,提出了一些防治面源污染的技术对策。     

基于循环经济的企业科技创新的动力研究

首先搭建了一个基于循环经济的企业科技创新动力模式的分析框架，通过分析循环经济的利益相关主体之间的关系和利益形成过程，进一步深入分析在发展循环经济中企业科技创新乏力的原因并提出动力机制建立的思路和建议。     

加快发展循环经济 促进重庆可持续发展

近年来，人类社会面临人口剧增、资源短缺和环境污染的严峻现实。在这种背景下，各国人民纷纷探索有利于环境保护和经济发展的新的经济模式。其中，循环经济模式成为世界各国经济转型的选择热点。重庆是长江上游最大的经济中心，也是我国面积最大、人口最多、最为年轻的直辖市，面对重庆市人口、环境、资源日益加剧的潜在压力，提出了重庆市发展循环经济的对策，促进重庆社会经济的可持续发展。     

Effect of cGMP on voltage-gated potassium channel in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from rats exposed to chronic hypoxia

AIM: To investigate the effect of cGMP on voltage-gated potassium channel in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from rats exposed to chronic hypoxia. METHODS: (1) Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (group A) and chronic hypoxia group (group B). Then group B received hypoxia 8 hours per day for 4 consecutive weeks. (2) Single PASMC was obtained via acute enzyme separation method. (3) Conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record resting membrane potential (Em) and ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel. The changes of ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel before and after applying cGMP (1 mmol/L), an agonist of protein kinase G (PKG), and cGMP plus H-8 (1 mmol/L), an inhibitor of PKG were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The Em of group B were significantly lower than that of group A. The ion currents of voltage-gated potassium channel in group A and group B were all significantly inhibited by cGMP [control group: from (118.0±5.0) pA/pF to (89.9±16.5) pA/pF, n=6, P＜0.05;chronic hypoxia group: from (81.0±5.0) pA/pF to (56.8±9.1) pA/pF, n=6, P＜0.05]and these effects were reversed by H-8 [control group: from (119.2±10.3) pA/pF to (117.8±9.1) pA/pF, n=6, P＞0.05;chronic hypoxia group: from (96.8±6.2)　pA/pF to (98.0±2.2)　pA/pF, n=6, P＞0.05]. CONCLUSIONS: The currents of voltage-gated potassium channel was inhibited by chronic hypoxic. The inhibitory effect of cGMP on currents of voltage-gated potassium channel in PASMCs from both normal and chronic hypoxic rats may be probably through the phosphorylation of voltage-gated potassium channel.     

脾脏小分子活性物质对粤黄鸡生长及血浆环核苷酸水平的影响

将180只1日龄健康粤黄公鸡随机均分为4组，试验组每周分别注射允许脾脏小分子活性物质的组份Ⅰ，组份Ⅱ－Ⅲ（0.5mL/只），对照组注射等量灭菌PBS，每周称重并计算饲料消耗，第4，6，8，10周龄时分别采集血样，采用竞争性蛋白结合法（CPBA）和放射免疫测定法（RIA）分别测定血浆中cAMP和cGMP的浓,结果表明，注射鸡脾脏小分子活性物质组份－Ⅰ和组份－Ⅲ可明显促进粤黄鸡生长，提高血浆cAMP水平和cAMP/cGMP比值。     

简易原木装车装置

原木生产和运输所占比例愈来愈大、已达30～50%、但森林资源分散、装车点原木量不大.设置专门装车机械设备不经济.必需由人力使用简易原木装车装置进行装车.文中提出原木装车要求.分析了简易原木装车装置的类型及特点,并确定装车生产率计算公式.     

乡村旅游循环经济发展的实证研究——以昆明市西山区团结镇为例

乡村旅游经济系统与自然生态系统水乳交融，具有发展循环经济的天然条件．对昆明市西山区团结镇的实证研究表明：乡村旅游循环经济的模式主要有农家乐型、乡村休闲园型、观光农园型、采摘果园型、产品加工型、景区依托型、综合型等．     

简易装卸设备

本文介绍如何拆下集材拖拉机搭载板，安装架杆，利用绞盘机、钢索及架杆滑轮装卸货物。此装卸设备对缓解当前伐区众多分散小型山楞原木装车的困难局面，具有实际指导意义。     

Changes in endothelin-1 and atrial natriuretic factor and the effect of atrial natriuretic factor on the change of endothelin-1 in asthmatic guinea pigs

AIM: To investigate the possible role of endothelin(ET-1) in asthma pathogenesis and the effect of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on changes of ET-1. METHODS: Measuring the contents of endothelin-1(ET-1),atrial natriuretic factor(ANF),cGMP in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs. RESULTS: The contents of ET-1, ANF and cGMP in asthma group were higher than that of the control group; There was a significant negative correlation between ET-1 and ANF( r=-0.638,P <0.05) in plasma of the asthma group, and a significantly negative correlation between ET-1 and ANF( r=-0.921,P <0.01) in BALF of the asthma group. There was a significantly positive correlation between ANF and cGMP( r=0.848,P <0.01) in plasma of the asthma group,and a significantly positive correlation between ANF and cGMP ( r=0.831,P <0.01) in BALF of the asthma group. The levels ET-1 in the asthma+rat ANF(rANF) group were lower than those in the asthma group,and the levels of cGMP in the asthma+rat ANF(rANF) group were higher than those in the asthma group after ceasing to infuse rANF for guinea pigs for 30 minutes.CONCLUSION: ET-1 might play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.ANF might inhibit production of ET-1.