长期浸泡作用下硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输规律试验研究

针对受硫酸盐溶液长期浸泡作用的混凝土,制备对应于混凝土所处环境类别和作用等级中度、严重和非常严重的硫酸钠溶液,硫酸根浓度分别为800、6 000、50 000 mg/L。将强度等级为C40的混凝土试块在硫酸钠溶液中浸泡至不同龄期,采用钻芯、分层切片、研磨提取水泥石粉末样本进行化学分析,研究了硫酸根离子在混凝土内的分散和传输规律。结果表明,硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输与侵蚀溶液浓度和侵蚀龄期存在较复杂的相关性。在侵蚀龄期较短时,硫酸根离子在混凝土中的传输速度较快,侵蚀深度较大。随着侵蚀龄期的增长,硫酸根离子主要集中在混凝土浅层范围内,且随着侵蚀溶液浓度的增加浅层混凝土中的硫酸根离子含量明显增大。     

基于微观特性分析风积沙粉体掺入提高混凝土的抗冻性

为研究冻融-盐浸环境下风积沙粉体混凝土的微观特性,设计了强度等级为C35、C25的风积沙粉体混凝土,在浓度为0%、3%、6%硫酸镁溶液中采用快冻法进行抗冻性试验,同时借助核磁共振技术、场发射扫描电镜及能谱分析研究其孔隙特征、微观形貌及水化产物。结果表明,风积沙粉体的掺入显著提高混凝土的抗冻性,且适当提高强度等级,有利于提高风积沙粉体混凝土抗冻性,其中强度等级为C35的风积沙粉体混凝土在6%MgSO_4溶液中可承受高达425次冻融循环;相对于基准组,风积沙粉体混凝土中有发育状况良好的针柱状产物钙矾石、纤维状产物石膏生成,填充因冻胀应力作用产生的裂隙,使其内部有害及多害孔数量低于普通混凝土29.78%,抗冻性增强。     

早龄混凝土的压缩与拉伸徐变及其研究现状

早龄混凝土的拉伸、压缩徐变规律及其结构徐变应力计算方法是对早期裂缝进行有效预测并控制的关键。既有的徐变研究主要侧重于成熟混凝土,而早龄混凝土徐变相关的科学研究还有待进一步深入。对早龄混凝土的压缩和拉伸徐变研究成果、测试方法及其徐变应力计算方法进行了详细综述。研究表明：目前混凝土早龄期拉伸、压缩徐变试验测试尚无规范可循,相关试验数据较为缺乏;混凝土早龄期徐变预测模型基本未考虑其在低应力水平下的非线性性质;早龄混凝土结构非线性徐变应力理论分析方法亦不尽完善。基于系统试验研究和固化徐变理论建立混凝土非线性徐变理论模型,对早龄混凝土结构采用同时考虑受拉和受压不同应力松弛特性的非线性徐变应力理论计算方法,应可提高早龄结构的有限元仿真精度。     

特细砂混凝土的研究进展

砂是混凝土的重要组成成分。目前我国中砂和粗砂的产量已经逐渐不能满足建筑需求,而特细砂给建筑行业带来了新的曙光,亟需将特细砂资源的潜在价值挖掘出来。对国内外特细砂混凝土的研究情况进行系统论述,并展望特细砂混凝土的发展前景,以期为新的建筑材料的开发提供参考。     

应用技术泥石流荷载下钢管混凝土桩林结构的抗冲击性能

[目的]分析新型拦挡坝钢管混凝土桩林结构在泥石流冲击荷载作用下的动力响应,为其结构的设计提供有效的科学依据。[方法]通过 ANSYS 有限元分析软件对3种不同泥石流荷载工况下桩林坝进行数值模拟,主要分析结构的应力、应变和位移等响应。对比3种工况的响应,得到结构的最不利荷载工况。[结果]空库桩管顶部受大石块冲击是结构的最不利荷载工况,3种工况相对比,发现大石块的冲击力是导致结构破坏的主要因素;钢管混凝土桩林具有良好的抗冲击性能,在较小的塑性变形下,结构承受较大的冲击力,且受撞击构件刚度越大,冲击力峰值越大;桩管和梁管的连接部位、桩管根部和端部受约束梁管是坝体的薄弱部位,因此设计时应采取加强措施。[结论]钢管混凝土桩林是一种节约材料稳定性较好的拦挡结构,具有良好的抗冲击性能。     

Test Analysis on Prestressed Frames with Three Kinds of Beam-column Section Strength

"Strong column with weak beam","strong beam with weak column" and"column & beam with equal strength"can be existed in one-storey prestressed concrete frames and the top storey of mult-storey prestressed concrete frames.Through the test of four prestressed concrete frames under vertical load,three kinds of prestressed concrete frames performances are studied,such as ultimate load,deflection,displacement ductility,redistribution of internal force.When the relative height of equivalent compression zone is smaller enough,the test proves that three kinds of prestressed concrete frames can realize full redistribution of internal force and have better displacement ductility,the width of cracks and deflections can satisfy the rules of code for design of concrete structures.     

Analysis of a steel tubular column filled with equidistant fiber reinforced polymer ring stiffening concrete

Based on theory of cylinders subjected to uniform internal pressure, the mechanical performance of a steel tubular column filled with equidistant fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) ring stiffening concrete is investigated. The solutions for the stress and displacement are regarded as the superposition of elementary and improved solutions. The elementary solutions are found by using two dimensional elastic theory. The improved solutions are found by using the Love displacement function method. Considering the conditions of the displacement continuum of the FRP ring and the steel tube exterior, a more accurate solution for an equidistantly FRP ring stiffened cylinder subjected to a uniform internal pressure is obtained. Several numerical calculations are also carried out. The results indicate the solutions possess good convergence.     

Comparison of Strength and Ultimate Strain Models of Concrete Columns Confined with FRP

Based on maintaining the accuracy of existing models for circular specimens, revised models were proposed for predicting strength and ultimate strain of concrete columns confined with FRP with considering the effectiveness of confinement by cross section. An evaluation of existing strength and ultimate strain models of concrete columns confined with FRP was presented with extensive collection of experimental data. It was shown that the prediction of strength was more accurate than that of ultimate strain, among which the prediction of Gampione’s strength model and Lorenzis’s ultimate strain model were more accurate for all specimens and circular specimens, respectively. The comparison with experimental results and existing models showed that the proposed models were more accurate, simpler and more convenient. The proposed models can be used for the prediction of strength and ductility in practical engineering.     

The Effect of Slabs on the Failure Mode of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures

A majority of reinforced concrete frame structure failure patterns resulting from the May 12, 2008 earthquake in Wenchuan County, P. R. China were analyzed. It was found that the main failure mode of frame works was “strong beam, weak column”, which conflicts with the design criteria of “strong column, weak beam”. The cause of this failure pattern was analyzed. A new concept is put forward that should be considered in design work. The over strength caused by slabs connected monolithically to the beams is analyzed. The joint types, transverse beam stiffness and lateral drift influence the reinforcing effect of the sla, Moreover, a reinforced concrete frame model was simulated using the program ABAQUS. The slab reinforcement stress distributions at different lateral drifts were analyzed and the effective flange width value proposed.     

关于高性能混凝土的科学研究与未来发展

阐述了高性能混凝土产生的背景和国内外学者对高性能混凝土的认识与定义,并详细介绍了高性能混凝土的国内外的研究与未来发展问题,同时,还针对高性能混凝土研究与发展中的一些问题进行了探讨。