Short‐term residual N unaffected by forbs in grass‐clover mixtures

We determined the effect on residual nitrogen (N) of including forbs (chicory, ribwort plantain and caraway) in perennial ryegrass‐red clover mixtures. Although soil N inputs during the grassland phase differed markedly between mixtures, in a pot experiment we found no differences in the potentially mineralizable N of the soil or in the dry matter production and N content of the spring barley test crop. The fertilizer value of the grassland mixtures corresponded to 10 g N/m², irrespective of forb inclusion. Thus, the inclusion of nonlegume forbs did not negatively affect short‐term residual N fertility of legume‐based grasslands.     

普那菊苣饲喂新西兰肉兔的效果研究

利用普那菊苣配合精料育肥新西兰肉兔,在5个精青料搭配组合中,精青料比为1:20时,只日均增重为 22.63 g,屠宰率为68.39％,经济效益为9.53元,与其他组合差异显著,是一个比较理想的搭配组合,可直接用于生产推广。     

氮与pH互作对菊苣4项生理指标的影响

采用65.305,130.610和261.220 mg·L-1 三个质量浓度氮的改良Hoagland营养液及5.5、7.0和8.5三个pH水平完全随机等重复沙培试验,探讨了氮与pH互作对菊苣(Cichorium intybus)叶片叶绿素和丙二醛含量（MDA）及过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等生理指标的影响。结果表明,1）在不同氮浓度处理时,菊苣叶片叶绿素和MDA含量无显著变化,而POD和SOD活性显著上升;2）在不同pH处理时,菊苣叶片叶绿素含量有显著变化,MDA含量无显著变化,而POD和SOD活性显著上升;3）氮与pH互作对菊苣生长有显著影响;菊苣叶片叶绿素含量在高氮低pH互作下最高,且随施氮量的增加持续增加;MDA含量在高氮低pH互作下最低,且在氮或pH胁迫时变化甚微;POD和SOD活性在高氮高pH互作下活性最低,且在受到氮或pH胁迫时变化显著。     

菊苣家庭简易软化栽培方法的比较研究

以芽球菊苣为试材,从产量、品质、病害发生率、转化率、成品率以及经济效益方面,比较了3种家庭简易软化栽培方式的效果.结果表明,以锯末为基质的锯末软化栽培法效果最佳,其肉质根所储养分转化充分,芽球产量最高,品质好,且发病率低.锯末软化栽培法是一种简单实用的无土软化栽培方法.     

普那菊苣秋种次年高产综合农艺措施研究

[目的]研究种植密度、施N量、施P2O5量及施K2O量对普那菊苣鲜草产量的影响,为菊苣生产提供理论依据。[方法]采用2次回归正交旋转组合设计方法,研究普那菊苣秋种次年鲜草产量与种植密度及氮、磷、钾肥施用量4因子间的关系,建立普那菊苣鲜草产量与试验4因子间的数学模型,通过对模型解析、模拟寻优,提出普那菊苣高产综合农艺措施。[结果]普那菊苣鲜草产量≥206250kg/hm2的农艺措施：种植密度19.08万～20.54万株/hm2,每次刈割次日施纯N量82.60～97.25kg/hm2,底肥施P2O5量170.09～196.95kg/hm2,K2O量123.17～142.43kg/hm2。[结论]在普那菊苣高产栽培中,种植密度是影响鲜草产量的重要因素,其次是氮、钾肥施用量,再次是磷肥施用量,故应在合理密植、保证单位面积有足够株数的基础上,合理施用氮肥,并配合磷、钾肥的施用。     

皱叶菊苣焦叶病发生机制初探

研究了皱叶菊苣焦叶病与叶片中酚类物质的含量、PAL和PPO活力的关系,并对褐变主要底物进行鉴定。结果表明:病叶的总酚和绿原酸含量以及PAL和PPO活力都有显著增加,且主要发生在发病部位,绿原酸是PPO作用的主要底物,酶促褐变是导致焦叶病的主要内在原因。     

Adaptive Responses of Beta Vulgaris L. and Cichorium Intybus L. Root and Leaf Forms to Drought Stress

Plants respond to drought with a restriction of leaf and root growth. The study aimed at analysing the morphological and functional adaptation mechanisms of Beta and Cichorium storage root and leaf forms to limited water supply. Two pot experiments were conducted: (i) with sugar beet, swiss chard, root and leaf chicory at 100 %, 50 % and 30 % water supply, (ii) with sugar beet, fodder beet and swiss chard at 100 % and 30 % water supply. The results indicate that there is no general response mechanism of root and leaf forms to better sustain drought stress. Sugar beet adapted to limited water supply with a marked decrease in the storage root to leaf ratio, indicating in particular a restriction of the predominant sink, while maintaining a very low transpiration coefficient. In contrast, swiss chard, root and leaf chicory kept their storage root to leaf ratio almost constant while adapting the transpiration coefficient. Sucrose storage was inversely related to the accumulation of solutes in the storage root of sugar beet and fodder beet. There is some evidence that the formation of a storage root in sugar beet and root chicory is inhibited by the inability of the plants to establish new sink capacities under drought conditions.     

外源抗坏血酸对铜胁迫菊苣幼苗生长的缓解效应

为探究外源抗坏血酸(AsA)对铜(Cu)胁迫下菊苣幼苗生长的缓解效应,本研究以普那菊苣为试验材料,采用溶液培养法研究外源AsA对50μmol·L?1 Cu胁迫下菊苣幼苗的生长、Cu积累和生理特性的影响.结果表明,50μmol·L?1 Cu胁迫严重抑制了菊苣幼苗的叶绿素含量、光合作用和生物量的积累,加剧了细胞膜脂质过氧化...     

菊苣根乙醇提取工艺优化及除草活性测定

利用L16(43×26)混合正交考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、浸泡时间、浸泡重复次数、超声温度、超声时间、超声输入功率和超声重复次数8个因素对菊苣(Cichorium intybus)根提取率的影响;以稗草(Echinochloa crusgali)、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)为研究对象测定菊苣...     

Performance and dietary preferences of white‐tailed deer grazing chicory,birdsfoot trefoil or alfalfa in north central Alberta

Little information exists on the performance of deer on alternative forage species in northern temperate environments during summer and fall, the period of inherent maximum growth in deer. In performance and choice experiments, we compared live weight gain (g/kg^0.75/day), absolute [kg/ha dry matter (DM)] and relative (% DM) herbage utilization, relative preference index (RPI) as well as plant community visitation of white‐tailed deer grazing alfalfa (Medicago sativa), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) or chicory (Cichorium intybus) in north central Alberta, Canada. Herbage phytomass and quality was also measured on the grazed pastures. Alfalfa had higher dry matter yields and crude protein concentrations than chicory and trefoil. Chicory had lower neutral detergent fiber concentrations than the other forages. Tannin concentrations were greatest in birds foot trefoil (nearly 55 g/kg DM), well above those in the other forages (<5 g/kg DM). Live weight gain was similar among deer feeding within the paddocks seeded to birds foot trefoil and chicory, and more than two times higher (p < 0.05) than deer feeding in paddocks seeded to alfalfa. Deer spent more grazing time (about 40%) on chicory pastures than on alfalfa and birds foot trefoil pastures. RPI values were greatest for birds foot trefoil at 2.11, intermediate for chicory at 1.40, and lowest for alfalfa at <0.60. Absolute herbage utilization remained similar (p > 0.05) among the three forage species. In contrast, relative herbage utilization was greater from birds foot trefoil (52% DM) than chicory (40% DM) or alfalfa (25% DM). These results suggest that the use of alfalfa with other alternative forages may prove beneficial to deer production, rather than using alfalfa pasture alone.