对咸阳市畜禽粪便污染环境问题的初探

对咸阳地区的畜禽养殖状况,畜禽粪便的污染程度,畜禽粪便治理的现状与存在的问题,提出了治理的措施及治理后的前景,以期为政府部门在研究制定咸阳市规范时提供考虑。     

Case Study of Abortion in a Mare: Coelosomy with urachal dilatation following umbilical cord torsion

Tractor, a 14-year-old Argentinean polo pony mare, aborted at the end of the 2nd trimester of gestation. Incision of the placenta revealed obvious dilatation of the urachus. The umbilical cord was twisted at several locations. There was a deficit in the abdominal wall and the fetal viscera were in contact with the dilatation. The fetus presented complete scoliosis at 90°. Torsion of the umbilical cord, through more than one turn, was evident around the fetlock of the left forelimb.     

暹罗鳄外周血白细胞提取物抗菌活性的初步研究

用离心和细胞破碎沉淀法提取暹罗鳄外周血白细胞的抗菌活性物质,测定其对10种细菌的体外抗菌活性。结果表明：暹罗鳄外周血白细胞提取物对埃希氏大肠杆菌、海豚链球菌、多杀性巴斯德菌、温和气单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜水气单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌、创伤弧菌、霍乱弧菌10种细菌均有一定的抗菌效力;其中,对海豚链球菌的抗菌效力最强,抑菌圈达22．1mm;对大肠杆菌的抗菌效力次之,抑菌圈达21．7mm;对霍乱弧菌的抗菌效力较弱,抑菌圈为7mm。实验还测定了理化因子对暹罗鳄外周血白细胞提取物抗菌活性的影响,发现其具有酸溶性、EDTA敏感性和热稳定性等特点。据此特点,初步确定暹罗鳄外周血白细胞中所含的抗菌活性物质是抗菌肽。比较了暹罗鳄外周血白细胞和密西西比红耳龟、花田鸡外周血白细胞提取物的抗菌效力的强弱,发现前者对于实验所用10种细菌的抗菌效力明显强于后两者;其中,对链球菌的抗菌效力,暹罗鳄外周血白细胞提取物最强,抑菌圈达21．3mm,密西西比红耳龟外周血白细胞提取物次之,抑菌圈为5．3mm,花田鸡白细胞提取物最弱,抑菌圈为0．67mm。说明暹罗鳄外周血白细胞中存在一种或数种具有广谱、高效的抗菌活性物质。     

棘胸蛙产卵量、卵子孵化率的比较研究

为选择适于闽北的棘胸蛙养殖品种,比较了异地引种棘胸蛙和本地引种棘胸蛙的产卵量和卵子孵化率。试验表明,异地经过几个世代驯化的棘胸蛙在总产卵量上要比本地引种的棘胸蛙要多两倍多,产卵总数为3071枚,本地引种的棘胸蛙产卵总数为863枚。异地引种棘胸蛙在卵子孵化率上也比本地引种棘胸蛙要高,平均为95.3%,而本地引种的棘胸蛙的卵子孵化率仅为64.18%,说明异地引种的棘胸蛙在闽北有较好的推广前景。     

三峡工程建设中的能源植物资源生存现状及保护措施研究

根据三峡库区特有的地理、气候特点,调查了三峡水利工程建设中能源植物的生存现状,初步提出了三峡库区能源植物相应的保护措施,为库区发展生物能源提供决策依据。     

弱势群体保护法律问题探析

关注弱势群体、保护弱势群体的合法权益是实现社会公平、全面建设和谐社会的重要任务。笔者从法律的角度对弱势群体的概念进行界定,分析其产生的原因,并在探讨了我国弱势群体法律保护现状的基础上,指出该制度体系存在的问题,提出完善我国弱势群体法律保护制度的建议。     

合作学习理论对研究生综合英语课教学的启示

综合英语课是研究生英语学习的基础课。笔者从教学实践论证了把合作学习理论引入综合英语教学的必要性和可行性。研究结果表明,通过合作学习有利于转变研究生英语学习理念,将语言学习与发展语言能力有机结合起来,有助于研究生综合语言能力的提高,为更高层次的英语选修课学习打好基础。     

Comparative therapeutic efficacy and safety of type-II collagen (UC-II), glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic dogs: pain evaluation by ground force plate

The investigation was conducted on client-owned moderately arthritic dogs with two objectives: (i) to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of type-II collagen (UC-II) alone or in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GLU) and chondroitin sulphate (CHO), and (ii) to determine their tolerability and safety. Dogs in four groups (n = 7-10), were treated daily for a period of 150 days with placebo (Group-I), 10 mg active UC-II (Group-II), 2000 mg GLU + 1600 mg CHO (Group-III), and UC-II + GLU + CHO (Group-IV). On a monthly basis, dogs were evaluated for observational pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion) using different numeric scales. Pain level was also measured objectively using piezoelectric sensor-based GFP for peak vertical force and impulse area. Dogs were also examined every month for physical, hepatic (ALP, ALT and bilirubin) and renal (BUN and creatinine) functions. Based on observations, significant (p < 0.05) reduction in pain was noted in Group-II, III, and IV dogs. Using GFP, significant increases in peak vertical force (N/kg body wt) and impulse area (N s/kg body wt), indicative of a decrease in arthritis associated pain, were observed in Group-II dogs only. None of the dogs in any group showed changes in physical, hepatic or renal functions. In conclusion, based on GFP data, moderately arthritic dogs treated with UC-II (10 mg) showed a marked reduction in arthritic pain with maximum improvement by day 150. UC-II, GLU and CHO operate through different mechanisms of action, and were well tolerated over a period of 150 days.     

野生老芒麦种质资源鉴定与基部叶鞘绒毛变异分析

为更好地利用老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus L.)野生资源,本研究从我国青藏高原、西北、华北、东北地区以及国外部分地区共采集了1 723份野生披碱草属种质资源,通过表型特征观测和流式细胞仪检测,共鉴定出了990份野生老芒麦种质,246份垂穗披碱草种质,并测得老芒麦的DNA含量在5.86～7.30 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为6.66 Gb;垂穗披碱草材料的DNA含量在9.50～10.36 Gb之间,平均DNA含量为9.97 Gb。研究结果显示,在西北、华北以及东北地区的部分野生老芒麦材料在苗期基部叶鞘出现了绒毛,分析发现该表型出现的概率与经度和纬度呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01),与海拔、年年均气温以及年平均降雨量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01)。表明老芒麦苗期基部叶鞘绒毛的有无与环境因子之间存在着必然的联系,可能是老芒麦种质应对不同环境类型的适应性机制之一。本研究为老芒麦的形态鉴定提供了新的依据,为老芒麦种质资源挖掘和育种应用提供了材料基础。