旅游管理本科专业人才培养模式的探讨

概述了我国高等院校旅游管理专业人才培养的研究现状,并在客观分析了当前我国旅游管理本科专业人才培养存在问题的基础上,提出了从人才培养目标定位、人才培养方案确立、人才培养途径选择、人才培养效果评估及反馈与调整等5个方面构建旅游管理本科专业人才培养模式的思路.     

用B型超声波导引活体采集奶水牛的卵母细胞

本试验利用B型超声波导引活体采集42头奶水牛的卵母细胞,每头牛每周采卵2次,共采卵96次,卵母细胞回收率67%,可用卵母细胞数平均为3.1,成熟培养的囊胚率平均为24.7%.对水牛的卵巢观察结果表明活采对水牛的健康及生殖机能不产生影响.     

Sperm preparation through Sephadex™ filtration improves in vitro fertilization rate of buffalo oocytes

Routinely, swim‐up method is used to separate high‐quality sperm; however, long processing time and close cell‐to‐cell contact during the centrifugation step are inevitable elements of oxidative stress to sperm. The objective was to evaluate Sephadex^? and glass wool filtration to separate motile, intact and viable sperm for in vitro fertilization in buffalo. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC s) were collected from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes by aspiration and matured for 24 hr in CO ₂ incubator at 38.5°C and 5% CO ₂. Matured COC s were rinsed twice in fertilization TALP and placed in the pre‐warmed fertilization medium without sperm. Cryopreserved buffalo semen was thawed at 37°C for 30 s and processed through Sephadex^?, glass wool filtration and swim‐up (control). Total and motile sperm recovery rates were assessed, resuspended in fertilization TALP and incubated for 15–20 min in CO ₂ incubator. Samples prepared by each method were divided into two aliquots: one aliquot was studied for sperm quality (progressive motility, membrane integrity, viability, liveability), while the other was subjected to co‐incubation with sets of 10–15 in vitro matured oocytes. Data on sperm quality were analysed by ANOVA , while in vitro fertilizing rates were compared by chi‐squared test using SPSS ‐20. Least significant difference (LSD ) test was used to compare treatment means. Glass wool filtration yielded higher total and motile sperm recovery rate, while Sephadex^? filtration improved (p  <  .05) sperm quality (progressive motility, membrane integrity, viability, liveability). Sperm preparation through Sephadex filtration yielded higher in vitro fertilization rate in terms of cleavage rate compared to glass wool filtration and swim‐up (control). In conclusion, cryopreserved Nili‐Ravi buffalo sperm selected through Sephadex filtration showed improved quality and yielded better fertilization rates (cleavage rate) of in vitro matured/fertilized oocytes. Sephadex filtration could be a promising technique for use in in vitro fertilization in buffalo.     

海北州草原生态保护补助奖励机制实施与后续产业发展调研

本文通过对海北州草原生态补奖机制实施情况的调研,进一步分析了存在的问题和困难,提出了补奖机制实施后发展后续产业的思路和建议。     

The consequences of diet limitation in juvenile threespine stickleback: growth,lipid storage and the phenomenon of compensatory growth

Many organisms exhibit compensatory growth (CG), an accelerated growth rate during recovery from periods of low nutrient resources. Despite numerous studies, many aspects of CG, particularly fine‐scale temporal effects early in life, remain poorly understood. We manipulated early‐life feeding regimens in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to study compensatory responses in growth rate and lipid storage during the first growing season. Laboratory‐reared stickleback, including ancestral oceanic and derived freshwater populations, were divided into three age‐specific dietary treatment groups – DPR1, DPR2 and DPR3 – which were exposed to a half‐ration nutrient deprivation for 30 days at the onset of 2, 3 and 4 months of age, respectively. We hypothesised that these month‐long periods of nutrient deprivation would result in strong, yet variable CG responses across stickleback populations and dietary treatments following a return to optimal ration levels. The youngest two age classes of fish (DPR1 &and DPR2) exhibited strong CG responses, matching growth rates and lipid generation levels seen in control fish fed an ad libitum diet. The oldest nutrient‐deprived group (DPR3) showed a reduced CG response, with body growth recovering only partially, and lipid levels exhibiting even less recovery. Our results demonstrate that compensatory growth responses in juvenile stickleback depend on the timing of deprivation during the first growing season and further that responses to late‐season deprivation have favoured development of a larger body frame entering the overwintering season over lipid regeneration.     

小断面盾构隧道塌方清理方案

针对小断面盾构隧道直径小、无法采用大型机械设备挖掘清理的实际情况,借鉴盾构机泥水加压平衡模式原理,以某小断面盾构隧道塌方清理为工程背景,探讨了小断面盾构隧道塌方清理技术,制定了用水搅拌淤砂后由泵抽吸至地面泥水分离设备,析出淤砂后的水再返回隧道循环使用的清理方案,包括竖井抽水、隧道排水、隧道上下行段排砂以及设置隧道口安全门等措施.该技术适用于固体颗粒分布不均匀,固相含量较高的清理物,以及环境湿度95％、温度-20～50℃的工况,人工与补水需求量低,对于类似空间受限环境下的清理作业,具有较强的适用性和借鉴性.     

改革开放以来农民合作事业相关政策回顾

回顾了改革开放以来农民合作事业相关政策,表明中央对农民合作事业的态度有很强的连贯性。中央始终明确地支持农民在自愿、自主、灵活、因地制宜的原则下建立各种合作组织,同时逐步以更大的支持力度引导和促进农民合作事业规范而有序地向前发展。     

乌兰察布市马铃薯销售问题的思考

乌兰察布市的马铃薯种植历史悠久,其生长发育规律与当地的自然气候特点相一致,具有明显的资源优势,蕴藏着巨大的发展潜力。近几年,马铃薯种植和相关产业得到了很大的发展,但由于信息渠道有限,销售、运输、存储、加工方面的问题,2011年的马铃薯销售出现大量积压。     

人工栽培缬草生长发育期精油及化学成分的变化规律研究

研究了人工栽培中国缬草生长发育各阶段的根精油含量及GC/MS/DS测试其化学成分变化规律；同时对不同部位、不同根龄、不同存放期与精油量及主成分关系进行研究，对缬草的开发研究、种植、生产都具有重要的实际意义。     

关于提高农民收入的几点思考

在改革30周年之际，文章试图从中国农民收入的变化这一视角看改革所取得成绩的同时对农民增收难、增收少问题加以思考，提出了几点加强农业投入、改善农村风貌、增加农民收入的对策，以期能对农民增收问题有所启示。