Substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter based on butterfly radial slot

A novel broadband substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter was presented based on the highpass characteristics of substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) and the bandstop performance of butterfly radial slot photonic band gap(PBG) structure. In order to verify this idea,a wideband bandpass filter with 4.65 GHz center frequency and 40% fractional bandwidth was designed. The electromagnetic simulation results show good passband characteristics from 3.71 to 5.6 GHz, while the maximun insertion loss is about 0.40dB. An experimental filter prototype was fabricated with standard PCB process and measured by the vector network analyzer. The measured results show that, for the filter prototype, the passband is from 3.78 GHz to 5.76GHz, the fractional bandwidth is about 41%, the minimal insertion loss is about 0.72 dB and the maximun insertion loss is 1.65.dB The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.     

基于红光波段冠层SIF降尺度的小麦条锈病遥感监测

为减弱冠层几何结构等因素对传感器探测到的冠层日光诱导叶绿素荧光（Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence,SIF）的影响,探讨了条锈病胁迫下红光波段荧光（Red SIF,RSIF）的响应特性,并以RSIF为自变量构建了小麦条锈病遥感监测的线性回归（Simple linear regression,SLR）及非线性回归（Non-linear regression,NLR）模型。结果表明：叶片尺度RSIF在小麦条锈病遥感监测中具有较大优势,其与小麦条锈病病情严重度（Severity level,SL）间相关系数较远红光波段SIF（Far-red SIF,FRSIF）提高132%,以叶片尺度RSIF为自变量构建的SLR及NLR模型预测DSL与实测DSL之间R2较FRSIF分别增加9.8%、38.9%,RMSE分别降低23.1%、36.4%。此外,降尺度处理能够提高RSIF监测小麦条锈病的精度,叶片尺度RSIF与DSL之间R2较冠层尺度增加126.3%,以叶片尺度RSIF为自变量构建的SLR和NLR模型预测DSL与实测DSL间R2较冠层尺度分别提高114.3%和233.3%,RMSE分别降低16.7%、15.4%。本文提出方法可提高小麦条锈病遥感监测精度,同时对其它胁迫的遥感监测具有一定的参考价值。     

浅谈宽带的接入方式

本文从以电话铜缆为接入手段的xDSL技术、以五类双绞线为接入技术、及以无线为物理媒质的接入技术等几方面，阐述了宽带的主要接入技术及其特点。     

Effects of method, rate and timing of slurry application to grassland on the preference by cattle for treated and untreated areas of pasture

Two experiments were conducted in the UK to investigate preference by cattle for areas of pasture treated or untreated with dairy cow slurry. Experiment 1 examined the effects of method and rate of slurry applied to a grass pasture in March (Spring); Experiment 2 examined the effects of method and timing of slurry application after cutting for silage in June (Summer). In both experiments, beef steers grazed grassland plots that had been treated with slurry on one half only of the plots for 4 weeks. Slurry was applied by shallow injection (I), trailing shoe (T) or conventional surface broadcasting (S) techniques. In Experiment 1, slurry was applied at 40 m³ ha^?1 (HI) or 20 m³ ha^?1 (LO) 21 d before grazing commenced; in Experiment 2, slurry was applied at 20 m³ ha^?1 either 32 d (E) or 10 d (L) before grazing commenced. Sward height was measured and animal behaviour was recorded during 8 × 24 h measurement periods in each experiment. Preference for slurry‐treated or untreated swards was indicated by a comparison of post‐grazing sward height on each sward and the proportion of total grazing time spent on the slurry‐treated swards. In Experiment 1, a smaller proportion of grazing time was spent on slurry‐treated areas of swards compared with untreated areas of swards on all treatments, but the proportion of time spent grazing the slurry‐treated sward was greater on method T than on methods I or S (0·28, 0·31 and 0·39 for methods S, I and T, respectively, s.e.d. = 0·035, P < 0·05). Steers showed no preference between slurry‐treated and untreated swards by 49, 45 and 44 d after slurry application for methods S, I and T respectively. Differences between HI and LO were not significant (P > 0·05). In Experiment 2, aversion to slurry‐treated swards compared with untreated swards was less for treatment E than for L, with a greater proportion of both residence and grazing time spent on the slurry‐treated sward of treatment E than L (0·43 and 0·28, respectively, for residence time, s.e.d. = 0·025, P < 0·001, and 0·47 and 0·30, respectively, for grazing time, s.e.d. = 0·021, P < 0·001). Significant differences were shown between the methods of slurry application for treatment E, with a greater proportion of grazing time spent on the slurry‐treated swards of methods I and T than method S (0·40, 0·52 and 0·49 for S, I and T, respectively, s.e.d. = 0·032, P < 0·001), and a greater difference between post‐grazing heights on slurry‐treated and untreated swards for method S than for I or T (30, 12 and 15 mm, respectively, s.e.d. = 4·8, P < 0·001). For treatment L, differences in the proportion of time spent grazing on slurry‐treated swards compared with untreated swards were not significant between treatments (0·26, 0·34 and 0·31 for methods S, I and T, respectively, s.e.d. = 0·040, P > 0·05) and indifference between slurry‐treated and untreated swards was achieved 77, 60 and 58 d after slurry spreading for methods S, I and T respectively. These results show that, when slurry is applied to pasture in a grazing rotation, the adverse effects on grazing behaviour associated with conventional surface broadcasting may be overcome by the use of novel slurry application techniques.     

我国北方农牧交错带土地适宜性评价研究

集合限制因子法和综合指数和法,针对我国北方农牧交错带,建立了该区耕地适宜性评价的指标体系,筛选出评价的主导因子,采用专家打分法和权重法对所有地块的耕地适宜性进行了评价。结果表明,研究区较适宜于农业耕种的区域面积仅占总面积的8.45%,主要分布于东南和西南2个区域,还有东北部地区;不适宜农业耕种的地区占绝大部分区域,主要分布于东部的中间部位、中部的广泛地区以及西部地区。     

泡桐丛枝病与过氧化物酶含量关系的研究初报

分别采用分光光度法和不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶盘状电泳法，比较分析了感病与未感病泡桐树木的过氧化物酶总活性与同工酶的变化。结果表明，泡酮感病后，叶片的ＰＯＤ总活性没有显著变化，枝，根韧皮部的ＰＯＤ总活性，病株高于健株。健株枝部和根部的ＰＯＤ同工酶谱带多于病株，活性也高于后者。可以用ＰＯＤ总活性与同工酶变化两个指标作为判别泡桐感病与束的依据。     

苎麻染色体核型和Giemsa C-带型及PMC减数分裂行为的研究

本试验以苎麻品种芦竹青为材料,从有丝分裂和减数分裂两个方面进行研究,有丝分裂以嫩稍扦插诱导萌发幼根,采用F-BSG法制备染色体标本,对其染色体核型和Giemsa带型进行的分析结果表明,苎麻的核型公式为2n=28=8(L)st+18(S)st+2(S)SAT,全为不对称的染色体,N·F,值与其染色体的条数相等,每组染色体的臂指数均大于78%,染色体长度比大于2.1:1,属于4B类核型,Giemsa C-带带型单一,短臂为全带,长臂为着丝点带,减数分裂以2%醋酸洋红压片,发现同一株上幼蕾着生的部位不同,其发育进度不一致,以着生在茎的中,上部的幼蕾发育快,同一枝梗上以着生于下部的幼蕾发育早,而同一幼蕾的PMC在减数分裂终变期,后期I,末期I以及后期I,四分体等阶段同步程度高,同时观察到存在一定的高峰期。     

同工酶酶谱鉴定萝卜品种的初步研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对４个萝卜品种的酯酶（ＥＳＴ）、酸性磷酸酯酶（ＡＣＰ）同工酶进行了初步研究。结果表明：ＥＳＴ谱带只能区分开所的３个品种,ＡＣＰ谱带能将所研究的４个品种区分开。     

基于音频特性的西瓜成熟度无损检测技术研究

目前西瓜的成熟度的鉴定仍然采用传统的算、看、听、测等方法,这些方法都难以对西瓜成熟度做出精确判断,本文通过分析不同成熟度西瓜样本的拍击音频信号,借鉴国内外的先进技术和经验,提取了和西瓜成熟度密切相关的几种特征,并从中找出1个相关性最高的特征-通带能量向量完成对西瓜成熟度的无损检测。     

HgS/CdS量子线中电子与声子的相互作用

在有限深势阱模型下,求出了考虑到电子-声子相互作用情况下量子线电子基态能、概率分布和禁带宽度,以HgS/CdS量子线为例,研究了电子-声子相互作用对它们的影响.结果表明:电子-声子相互作用会降低电子基态能,在对基态能的影响中以电子与界面光学支声子相互作用的影响最大,而与界面声学支声子相互作用影响最小;电子-声子相互作用的影响和电子由势阱透入有限高势垒的概率以及禁带宽度均随量子导线半径R的减小而增大;电子-声子相互作用不改变禁带宽度随R的变化趋势,仅使其数值减小.