全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2382篇 |
免费 | 135篇 |
国内免费 | 293篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 165篇 |
农学 | 149篇 |
基础科学 | 320篇 |
771篇 | |
综合类 | 715篇 |
农作物 | 107篇 |
水产渔业 | 62篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 372篇 |
园艺 | 31篇 |
植物保护 | 118篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 60篇 |
2021年 | 77篇 |
2020年 | 88篇 |
2019年 | 110篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 113篇 |
2016年 | 107篇 |
2015年 | 84篇 |
2014年 | 116篇 |
2013年 | 162篇 |
2012年 | 175篇 |
2011年 | 154篇 |
2010年 | 143篇 |
2009年 | 157篇 |
2008年 | 142篇 |
2007年 | 170篇 |
2006年 | 120篇 |
2005年 | 125篇 |
2004年 | 70篇 |
2003年 | 72篇 |
2002年 | 50篇 |
2001年 | 44篇 |
2000年 | 58篇 |
1999年 | 33篇 |
1998年 | 37篇 |
1997年 | 22篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2810条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
71.
水土资源平衡是耕地合理开发与利用的前提,为定量评估粮食主产区水土资源平衡关系,促进耕地可持续利用,该研究提出“以水定地”的耕地配置模式,并以三江平原腹地的挠力河流域为研究区,在多源水土信息数据支持下,依据农田土壤水分平衡原理构建水土资源平衡模型,以评估水土资源平衡态势,进而揭示该流域耕地合理利用规模特征。结果表明:1)2000年以来,挠力河流域水田持续扩张,旱地轻度萎缩,至2018年其水田化系数已达37.33%,垦殖率为62.61%。旱地和水田的水分胁迫蒸散能力处于同一水平,但水田的水分亏缺量显著高于旱地;2)当前,挠力河流域的灌溉供水量范围为21.23~211.91 mm,富锦市、友谊县和集贤县处于水资源超载状态,且水田均呈“土多水少”状态,饶河县、宝清县、七台河市和双鸭山市辖区则“土少水多”;3)依据“以水定地”耕地配置模式,该流域水田面积可增加11.02万hm2,对应的水田化系数控制在44.76%以下。富锦市、友谊县和集贤县应适度控制或减小水田利用规模,宝清县应成为未来“旱改水”的重点备选区。研究结果对挠力河流域乃至三江平原的耕地有序开发及保障农业可持续发展具有重要现实意义。 相似文献
72.
[目的]旨在通过研究流域各月度产水量,对水资源管理和农业灌溉用水调度进行指导。[方法]以锦阳川流域为研究对象,运用遥感(remote sensing,RS)和地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)提取和处理空间土地利用、土壤及数字高程模型数据,结合降雨、气温及不同植物的根深数据,采用Thornthwaite and Mather(T—M)模型计算了水分亏缺与剩余,土壤水分补给与利用的周期及月度产流量。[结果]研究区2011年平水年全年总径流量为281.0mm,在1,3—4,6和10月,存在水分亏缺及土壤水分利用,面积加权的水分亏缺值为5.8mm;2月,11—12月降水对土壤水分进行补给;5和7—9月,存在水分剩余,面积加权的剩余值为286.2mm。丰水年(25%)、平水年(50%)和枯水年(75%)多年平均产水量分别为8.3×107,4.8×107及2.2×107 m3。[结论]研究区在丰水年(25%)的2,7—11月,平水年(50%)的2—3,7—9月和枯水年(75%)的12—2,7—9月存在水分剩余。 相似文献
73.
生物炭对引黄灌区水稻产量和氮素淋失的影响 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
为解决宁夏引黄灌区稻田因过量施肥导致的土壤质量降低和养分淋失加剧问题,通过田间小区试验研究了施用外源生物炭对水稻产量、氮素淋失和平衡特征的影响。结果表明:同等施氮条件下,施用生物质炭对水稻子粒产量有显著的影响,生物炭用量达13 500kg/hm~2时水稻增产显著。施用生物炭也提高了氮肥利用率,施用生物炭9 000kg/hm~2和13 500kg/hm~2处理,氮肥利用率分别提高了6.7和7.8个百分点。田面水中总氮(TN)浓度和土体中TN淋失量随着生物炭用量的增加而降低,TN淋失量降幅在8.03%~13.36%之间,施用生物炭处理的氮素表观损失量分别降低了11.8%~45.2%。综合考虑引黄灌区水稻产量和环境效益,生物炭施用量控制在9 000~13 500kg/hm~2效果最佳。 相似文献
74.
Accumulation and depletion of soil phosphorus (P) was studied in a long‐term (37 y) field experiment in Southern Finland. The loam soil had a high pH (7.5–7.7) due to an earlier liming. Spring barley, spring wheat, oat, and ryegrass, grown in rotation, were annually fertilized with 0, 32, or 67 kg P ha?1 y?1 (P0, P1, and P2K) and sufficient N. The average dry matter grain yield 2,600 kg ha?1 of the P0 plots increased by about 500 kg ha?1 at P1 treatment and another 600 kg ha?1 by P2K. Soil samples were collected in 1978 (beginning), 1995, 2005, and 2015. According to the Chang and Jackson sequential extraction, the P2K and P1 treatments increased the inorganic soil P by 732 and 32 kg P ha ?1 in 37 years, respectively, while the P0 plots were depleted by –459 kg P ha ?1. The P2K treatment increased all four P fractions, extracted with NH4Cl (easily soluble), NH4F (Al‐P), NaOH (Fe‐P), and H2SO4 (Ca‐P). Continuous depletion (P0) decreased the NH4Cl‐P and NH4F‐P pools, NaOH‐P and H2SO4‐P pools remaining stable. None of the P pools changed significantly at P1. The remarkable gap between the measured change and the balance for the P2K and P1 treatments cannot be explained solely by lateral soil movement, meaning that a significant proportion of the applied P was lost either in surface runoff or transported below the investigated depth of 40 cm. Despite large P applications, the degree of P saturation reached only 20% in the P2K topsoil, assuming a 50% reactivity of Fe and Al oxides. As derived from sorption isotherms, a high EPC0 (i.e., equilibrium P concentration at zero net P sorption or desorption) of 1.30 mg L?1 had been built up in the P2K treatment, while in the P1 treatment EPC0 (0.33 mg L?1) had remained unchanged and P depletion (P0) had caused a decrease to 0.12 mg L?1. These results demonstrate that P sorption and desorption properties respond strongly to both P fertilization and null fertilization treatments and that in a long‐term field experiment only a low proportion of the residual fertilizer P can be recovered from soil. 相似文献
75.
施用常规磷水平的80%可实现玉米高产、磷素高效利用和土壤磷平衡 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
76.
准确量化分析地气之间的物质和能量交换对于水资源管理和农业可持续发展是十分重要的。能量平衡闭合是评估观测数据准确性和分析地表能量平衡的一个重要的评价指数。本研究利用开路涡度相关系统和全要素自动气象站对华北平原典型冬小麦农田生态系统2013—2014年度的能量通量及常规气象要素进行了连续观测,分析了冬小麦农田各能量通量的日变化和年变化特征,计算冬小麦在4个生育时期(出苗期、越冬期、拔节期和灌浆期)的能量闭合和波文比。结果表明:在日尺度上,选取的4个生育时期净辐射和各能量分量的日变化趋势均为单峰二次曲线,净辐射、显热通量和潜热通量的峰值出现在12:00—13:00,土壤热通量的峰值出现在14:00—15:00。在年尺度上,净辐射和潜热通量的变化趋势较为一致,均在越冬期达到最低值114.51 W·m~(-2)和13.47 W·m~(-2),而在灌浆期达到最大值327.02 W·m~(-2)和116.56 W·m~(-2)。选取的4个生育时期的代表性观测日期能量闭合良好,能量闭合率分别为0.49、0.77、0.81和0.76。4个生育时期内波文比值日变化趋势均呈倒"U"型,出苗期波文比在14:00达到最大值2.12;越冬期、拔节期和灌浆期在10:00左右达到最大值,分别为1.48、0.31和0.58。本文的定量化结果可为华北平原农田生态系统水热通量等研究提供依据。 相似文献
77.
Measurements of the horizontal and vertical fluxes of energy and mass were taken at a crop canopy edge and downwind of it to examine the effects of inhomogeneity on surface-atmosphere exchange, for the ideal case of flat uniform terrain. Energy balance closure was also examined and the effects of the often-neglected advection terms on the energy budget were evaluated. The results show that neither vertical nor horizontal advection should be neglected for moderate distances downwind from heterogeneous boundaries, with the energy budget closure near the leading edge improved by more than 20% with the inclusion of the horizontal and vertical advection of latent and sensible heat. Significant mean advective horizontal and vertical flux divergences of water vapor and temperature were found even in typical daytime conditions. In stable conditions horizontal advection can be responsible for more than 15% of the scalar (water vapor) transport 136 canopy heights downwind of a change in water vapor source density and surface roughness. 相似文献
78.
Shiveshwar Pratap Singh Room Singh Mukesh Prasad Singh Vijay Prasad Singh 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(4):618-632
A field experiment was conducted at farmer's field in Mollisols of Tarai soils in Uttarakhand (India), to assess the direct and residual effect of sulfur fertilization in wheat-soybean cropping sequence. Four levels of sulfur (S; 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg ha?1) were applied to main crop (wheat) along with recommended dose of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K). The direct and residual effect of sulfur at highest level showed 27 and 6 percent increase in grain yield of wheat and soybean over control, respectively. The increase in grain yield of wheat was significant at each sulfur level. The direct as well as residual effect of sulfur showed significant increase in sulfur concentration and its uptake by grain and straw except increase in sulfur concentration and uptake by soybean straw. In wheat-soybean cropping sequence, the agronomic efficiency and apparent sulfur recovery decreased with increase in levels of sulfur, but the percent response increased with increasing sulfur application. Different forms of sulfur such as total sulfur, organic sulfur, calcium chloride extractable sulfur, potassium dihydrogen phosphate extractable sulfur, and non-sulfate sulfur in post-harvest soil increased according to sulfur level applied but it decreased under control and also after residual crops. The buildup of sulfur in surface soils was greater than in the deeper soils. Application of sulfur showed the positive sulfur balance and it increased with increase in sulfur level, while it was negative under control. A major portion (46–62%) of applied sulfur contributed to increase in sulfur content of root zone soil followed by unaccounted component (25–40%) and small portion (11–18%) was absorbed by wheat plant as uptake. 相似文献
79.
The relationships between surface active properties and humic acid (HA) particle sizes were investigated. Two HAs from an Ando soil and a Brown forest soil were separated into 6 particle size fractions by gel permeation chromatography. Surface-active properties characterized by surface excess value (\gT mol cm-2), cross-sectional surface area per molecule (A nm2), critical micelle concentration (CMC g L-1), efficiency and effectiveness of water surface tension reduction were obtained by the measurement of the surface tension of HA solutions from different particle size fractions. For the HA from the Ando soil, except for the smallest particle size fraction, increasing particle size enhanced the efficiency of reduction of the water surface tension and decreased the CMC, while the effectiveness of reduction of the water surface tension was about the same. The surface activity of the HA from the Ando soil increased with increasing particle size. This phenomenon was similar to the surface activity of a homologous series of surfactants, which increased with increasing alkyl chain length. For the HA from the Brown forest soil, the smallest particle size fraction and three large fractions showed a high efficiency, namely a high surface activity. The smallest fraction from the Brown forest soil showed the highest efficiency and the lowest CMC value. In both HAs, the smallest particle size fraction showed exceptional surface-active properties compared with the other fractions and three fractions with large particle size showed a higher surface activity than other smaller fractions. 相似文献
80.
高寒矮嵩草草甸地面热源强度及与生物量关系的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在青藏高原海北高寒矮嵩草草甸地区,依据2002年涡度相关法观测的能量平衡各分量资料和6-10月植物地上、地下生物量测定值,分析了高寒矮嵩草草甸近地表热量平衡、地面热源强度的变化特征,讨论了地面热源强度与植物生物量季节变化过程中的相互关系。结果表明:在青藏高原海北高寒矮嵩草草甸地区,年内地面均为热源,热源强度季节变化明显,地面热源强度年平均为88.5 W/m2;地上生物量季节变化与热源强度具有显著的正相关关系,而地下生物量季节变化与热源强度关系不明显。 相似文献