Computed tomography dacryocystography evaluation of the nasolacrimal apparatus

Computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) was used to evaluate the nasolacrimal system in four patients (three dogs and one horse) that were admitted for evaluation of chronic epiphora, facial swelling, or facial trauma. The four patients are reviewed and the technique for performing CT-DCG is described. Additionally, the indications for this procedure are discussed. CT-DCG is advantageous because cross-sectional imaging provides superior resolution of the nasolacrimal apparatus and the relatively long, small-diameter, bony nasolacrimal canal in most veterinary patients.     

白菜与玫瑰秸秆不同比例混合发酵的产气性能研究

以白菜废弃物和玫瑰秸秆为原料,采用批量厌氧消化工艺,在水浴恒温35±1℃的条件下进行混合发酵,探究不同配比的白菜废弃物与玫瑰秸秆混合发酵的产气潜力和产气特性。结果表明,经过33d的发酵周期,白菜废弃物和玫瑰秸秆以质量比0:3、1:2、2:1、3:0不同配比混合发酵,对应的TS产气率分别为254mL/g、248mL/g、213mL/g和191mL/g。单一玫瑰秸秆发酵的产气潜力最优,单一的白菜废弃物发酵的产气潜力最差,添加花卉能够有效提升蔬菜废弃物的产气效果,白菜废弃物和玫瑰秸秆1:2配比下产气潜力要优于2:1配比组。     

青贮甘蔗尾、青贮玉米秸秆对生长水牛生长性能、消化代谢及血液生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究青贮甘蔗尾(sugarcane tops silage,SS)和青贮玉米秸秆(corn straw silage,CS)对生长水牛生长性能、消化代谢及血液生化指标的影响。试验1:选择21头体重、胎次相同或相近的6月龄生长水牛,随机分为3个组,分别饲喂SS+精料、CS+精料、SS+CS+精料,进行为期30 d饲养试验。试验2:另选6头体重、胎次相同或相近的6月龄生长水牛随机分为2组,分别饲喂SS和CS,不喂精料,利用全收粪法进行为期4 d的消化代谢试验。结果表明:①SS和CS单独饲喂对生长水牛平均干物质采食量(ADMI)影响不显著(P>0.05),饲喂CS组生长水牛平均日增重(ADG)较SS组高,差异不显著(P>0.05)。二者组合饲喂时生长水牛ADMI、ADG比其单独饲喂时高。②CS的养分消化率、氮代谢和能量代谢率均高于SS,但差异均不显著(P>0.05),二者中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。③SS和CS对生长水牛血液生化指标影响差异均不显著(P>0.05),对动物机体无不良影响。由此可见,单独饲喂时CS养分消化率较SS高,CS及SS对生长水牛血液生化指标均无不良影响,且二者组合饲喂能提高生长水牛生长性能。     

Farmers' Attitudes to the Benefits and Barriers of Adopting Automation for Surface Irrigation on Dairy Farms in Australia

The study reports farmers' attitudes andperceptions towards the ``barriers' and ``benefits' of automaticirrigation systems. Factor analysis was used to identify perceived ``barriers' and ``benefits' andthe impact of these on farmers' priority to adopt automation wasexamined. Results suggest that farmers'attitudes, particularly with respect to ``cost' and``lifestyle' influenced the priority given to adopting automaticirrigation systems. The area under pasturecultivation was also an importantdeterminant in the farmers' priority foradopting automatic irrigation systems.     

Effect of feeding different levels of wheat roti on nutrient utilization and blood metabolite profile in semi‐captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of wheat roti (WR) on nutrient utilization and blood metabolites in Asian elephants fed roughages ad libitum. Nine (3 M, 6 F) Asian elephants (14–52 years of age, 1909–3968 kg BW) were used in an experiment based on replicated Latin square design. Animals in each group (n = 3) were assigned to one of the three dietary treatments in a manner that animals in all the three groups were exposed to all the three treatments in three different periods. Each feeding trial comprised 30 days (25 days of adaptation and 5 days collection period). The amount of WR fed to the elephants was 0.18, 0.12 and 0.06% of BW in groups I, II and III, respectively. They were allowed to forage in the nearby forests for 6 h/day and to bathe for 2 h/day. The animals had ad libitum access to cut Rohini (Mallotus philippensis) trees in their night shelter. Intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE), Ca, P, Fe, Cu and Zn were measured. Feed consumption was not significantly different among the groups. Significant (p < 0.01) decrease in digestibility of DM and GE and blood glucose concentration was observed with decreased level of WR in the diet. Feeding of WR at 0.06% of BW supplied adequate amount of DE, CP, Ca, P, Fe, Cu and Zn to meet requirement for adult maintenance. Feeding of WR in excess of 0.06% of BW supplied DE in excess of requirement, increased blood glucose concentration which may cause obesity and other associated health problems. It was concluded that the amount of WR should be restricted to 0.06% of BW in the diet of captive Asian elephants.     

中国麇鹿朊蛋白核心片段的原核克隆表达与纯化

从采取的新鲜麋鹿血液中提取麋鹿基因组DNA,通过PCR的方法从麋鹿基因组中扩增麋鹿PrP蛋白核心片段的DNA,并分别在引物的5′和3′端引入EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ两个酶切位点,下游引物将原序列TATTAC突变为TAAT从变成两个终止密码子。通过两个酶切位点将麋鹿PrP蛋白核心片段DNA连接到pET-32a（＋）,转化DH5α,通过酶切鉴定和PCR鉴定,筛选出阳性克隆送菌液测序,从测序结果分析阳性克隆是否符合要求。测序正确后将核心片段基因连接到pET-32a（＋）,阳性质粒命名为MPrP-pET-32a（＋）,阳性质粒转化E.coli BL21（DE3）,进行诱导表达、蛋白质纯化鉴定。     

稻麦平床燃油干燥机的研制

针对农村农户,设计了稻麦平床燃油干燥机,适于小批量稻麦干燥生产。整机设计烘干段采用分体结构,卸粮操作采用旋转方式,并对燃烧器改造及烘干机的有关计算做了阐述。     

EQ6110客车电动AMT换挡策略

分析了客车换挡特点和原型车及C220发动机的特性，基于AVL Cruise软件建立了客车仿真模型，提出了适合于该客车电动式机械自动变速器换挡策略。仿真结果表明，在不降低原车动力性的条件下，设计的双参数换挡策略与单参数换挡相比可降低油耗2．4L／（100km），节油率达6．7％。单参数速度换挡仿真结果与试验结果基本一致，证明换挡策略是可信的。     

酶制剂对水稻秸秆青贮发酵品质及体外消化特性的影响

为探讨纤维素酶、木聚糖酶及两种酶组合添加对水稻秸秆青贮过程中结构性、水溶性碳水化合物组分含量及体外消化特性和发酵品质的影响,试验设4个处理组:1)0.3%蒸馏水(对照组,CO);2)0.3%纤维素酶(CE);3)0.3%木聚糖酶(XE);4)0.15%纤维素酶+0.15%木聚糖酶(组合酶组,CX),分别于青贮3、7、14、30 d后取样分析。结果表明,与CO相比,CE、XE和CX组显著提高了乳酸、葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量,显著降低了pH值、氨态氮、总挥发性脂肪酸、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、纤维素和半纤维素含量,减少了干物质损失(P<0.05)。酶制剂显著提高了水稻秸秆青贮饲料24、48和72 h时的累积产气量和干物质体外消化率(P<0.05)。青贮末期CX组有最高的乳酸含量(34.13 g·kg^-1DM)、体外产气量(68.27 mL)、干物质体外消化率(61.31%)和最低的pH值(4.36)。与CE和XE相比,CX组水溶性碳水化合物(葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖)含量更高。综上所述,添加酶制剂可促进结构性碳水化合物的降解,提高水溶性碳水化合物的含量,改善水稻...     

Effect of Humulus scandens for Traditional Fiber Sources on Digestion, Diarrhea, and Performance of Growing Rabbits

This work was to determine which concentration of a mixture of fresh Humulus scandens （HS） and fresh alfalfa could be included in diets for rabbits. The fresh forage of three experimental diets is composed of 100% alfalfa, 50% alfalfa ＋ 50% HS, 100% HS, respectively. 30 rabbits [（1.42 ± 0.056） kg] were used to determine nutrient digestibility. A feeding trial was carried out using 90 weaning rabbits [35 d of age; （512±6.5） g]. Increasing content of HS in the diet did not affect digestibility of DM （dry matter）, CF （crude fiber）, CP （crude protein）, GE （gross energy）, and EE （ether extract）. But diarrhea decreased markedly （P〈0.01） compared with the diets that had no HS. ADF1 （average daily feed intake） increased by 4.3% （P 〈 0.05） and 3.6% （P 〈 0.05） when rabbits fed the diet with 100% HS of fresh forage compared with the diets containing 0 and 50% HS, respectively. Feed efficiency improved significantly （P 〈 0.05） by 2.07 and 5.30% when rabbits fed 0 and 50% HS of fresh forage, respectively, compared with 100% HS. There was no effect on ADG （average daily weight gain）. In conclusion, the mixture （50：50） of HS and alfalfa constitutes an alternative source of fiber for fattening rabbits and prevents diarrhea effectively.