Utilization of correlation network analysis to identify differences in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of tomato cultivars grown under salt stress

In tomato production, salt stress is applied to improve the fruit quality. The change in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions in salt-stressed tomato fruits have been extensively studied; however, little is known about their interaction with each other. Correlation network analysis provides a visual representation of biological systems and useful knowledge for metabolic data analysis of tomato fruits. The aim of this study is to identify the cultivar differences in sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of tomato fruits grown under salt stress and to elucidate their interaction among different cultivars using correlation network analysis. Salt stress was applied by adding 100 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution. Fruits were harvested at red-ripe stage and used for the evaluation of sensory attributes such as sweetness, sourness, umami, and tomato like, and organoleptic compositions such as sugar, organic acid, amino acid, and sodium ion contents. Almost all of the sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions of the fruit were significantly high in salt-stressed cultivars compared to non-stressed cultivars, and significant differences were also observed among cultivars. The correlation network analysis of the control fruit showed that compared to other traits, sugar is one of the key traits for improvement of tomato fruit quality based on high connectivity and betweenness centrality. In contrast, a high degree of positive connectivity was not observed between organoleptic compositions and sensory attributes in the salt-stressed fruit network. These results indicate that the relationship between sensory attributes and organoleptic compositions in fruits were different between the control and salt-stressed cultivars, suggesting that the salt-stressed fruit may have a different circuit of relationship compared to control. Furthermore, based on the increase ratio (salt stress/control) network results, we suggest that the increased sugar, organic acid, and amino acid contents may have contributed to the salt stress-induced enhancement of sensory attributes.     

Visual Foxpro课程教学方法的探讨与实现

对Visual Foxpro课程教学方法进行了探讨,提出了一些切实可行的教学方法,对教学过程中章节、知识点的学习给出了具体的实施方法。为＂Visual Foxpro数据库与程序设计＂课程教学提供有益的思路和建议,激发学生的学习兴趣,降低学生记忆的难度,增强学生自主学习的信心,从而使学生能够真正地掌握知识,并提高运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。     

基于属性识别方法的区域水资源开发利用程度综合评价

以西安市为例,探讨了区域水资源开发利用程度的综合评价方法,并将属性识别理论应用于该研究,建立了水资源开发利用程度的综合评价模型。评价结果表明,西安市处于水资源开发的发展阶段,水资源的开发利用已具有一定的规模,其他地区如户县、周至、高陵、蓝田的水资源开发处于初始阶段,开发规模较小,具有较大的开发潜力。与模糊综合评价模型相对照,该方法的评价结果与模糊综合评判法相一致。     

农业技术推广机构属性问题探讨

我国相关法律明确了国家农业技术推广机构职能工作的公共性,而实际执行的职能工作中,国家农业技术推广机构的职能工作具备显著的效用不可分割性、消费的非竞争性和受益的非排他性的"公共物品或服务"特点,其根本属 性是"公共物品",是政府"公共财政"应当支出的范围,是政府的一项公共事业.     

体育场馆冠名权概念及法律属性分析

体育场馆冠名权是市场经济条件下,体育场馆吸收社会资源重要途径,减轻体育场馆运营财政负担市场化手段。采用文献资料法、归纳推理法和演绎推理法,结合体育学、法学和经济学相关理论进行研究,对体育场馆冠名权概念进行探讨,究其起源,透析社会想象,厘清体育场馆冠名权的法律范畴。     

创意农业的概念与创意途径分析

文化创意产业是在全球刚刚兴起的新兴行业,正逐渐成为世界经济新的增长点之一。现代农业与到文化创意产业的融合,便产生了创意农业。本文提出了创意农业的概念,并阐述了创意农业的属性与特征,提出了进行农业创意的四种途径,即科技创意、文化创意、服务创意和生态创意。     

不同pH对扁桃胶水解物晶体特性的影响

利用RINT2000 vertical goniometer型X-衍射仪测定不同pH条件下扁桃胶水解物的结晶度,研究不同pH条件对扁桃胶晶体特性的影响规律,并用电子显微镜观察水解物的微晶结构。结果表明:1)pH的改变不仅能够使非晶体的扁桃胶表现出晶体特性,而且对晶相也有极显著的影响,在pH3～1,晶体结构与多糖的微纤维化有关,在pH11～13,晶体与多糖的结构有关;2)以pH7为中心坐标,随着pH的不断降低,扁桃胶的结晶度变化符合方程y=10.94201e-(x-2.23006)2/1.872403(R2=0.85175);随着pH的不断增加,扁桃胶的结晶度变化规律符合方程y=-8.83822+1.38118x(R2=0.89675)。     

论幸福的社会属性

我们认为幸福的社会属性具有内生性和外生性二个方面,前者是人的本质决定的,后者是个人幸福的必要条件。历代思想家们都认为社会环境是影响人的幸福的重要因素。马克思主义认为幸福是物质生活与精神生活的统一,社会幸福与个人幸福的统一,社会生活是幸福的现实基础,劳动是获得幸福的必要手段,社会制度对人的幸福具有决定作用。     

基于属性差异度的多属性决策方法及其在水稻优选中的应用

[目的]建立基于属性差异度的多属性决策方法并说明其在水稻优选中的应用。[方法]提出属性间贴近度的概念,在此基础上对属性间的差异度进行研究,并对基于属性差异度的权重确定方法进行分析。[结果]得到了1种基于属性差异度的多属性决策方法,并针对水稻优选问题说明了该方法具有应用及可行性。[结论]丰富了多属性决策中属性权重确定的问题,并为科学合理地选择水稻品种问题提供了必要的理论支撑。