甘薯小象虫成虫触角和下颚须上感觉器的扫描电镜观察

使用扫描电镜观察了甘薯小象虫成虫触角和下颚须的表面特征。根据感觉器的形态特征,在触角上看到了毛状感觉器、棒状感觉器、锥状感觉器和坛状感觉器;在下颚须上看到了栓状感觉器、板状感觉器和锥状感觉器。触角上的棒状感觉器以前尚未见报道。     

电流分布一定时线天线的加载

导出了当天线上电流分布一定时圆柱线天线的加载公式。使用该加载公式, 可以得到任意电流分布时天线的加载规律。与Wu 、Kingr 提出的加载公式比较, 该加载公式更为精确。该公式的确定对加载天线的分析及设计有着十分重要的意义。     

齿爪鳃金龟属幼虫近似种触角超微结构研究

对齿爪鳃金龟属幼虫近似种的衣末端感器的超微形态进行了扫描研究。结果表明，触角末感器的数量，类型和排列方式等，种间差异显著，种内相对稳定。触角末端感器是齿爪鳃金龟属近似种分类鉴定的重要特征。     

密点曲姬蜂触角感觉器的扫描电镜观察

【目的】明确密点曲姬蜂触角和触角感觉器的外部形态特点。【方法】对密点曲姬蜂触角的形态特征、感觉器的类型、形态、数量和分布特点进行扫描电镜观察,并对雌、雄蜂触角感觉器进行性别间差异比较。【结果】密点曲姬蜂雌、雄成蜂触角形态相似,属于鞭状触角。触角由柄节、梗节和鞭节组成。其中雌蜂鞭节由22个鞭亚节组成。雄蜂鞭节由25个鞭亚节组成。成蜂触角上共有5种类型的感觉器：毛型感觉器、刺型感觉器、板型感觉器、Böhm氏鬃毛和腔锥形乳突状感觉器。毛形感觉器（I、II）、刺形感觉器、腔锥形乳突状感觉器和板形感觉器主要分布在鞭节各个亚节。毛形感觉器（III）主要分布在梗节和柄节的中部和端部。Böhm氏鬃毛分布在梗节和柄节的基部。雌、雄蜂触角感觉器的数量和密度存在明显差异。雄蜂各类感觉器的数量和密度明显高于雌蜂。【结论】密点曲姬蜂触角属于鞭状触角,共有5种类型感觉器。雌、雄蜂触角长度存在差异,感觉器的分布规律相似,感觉器的数量和密度存在性二型现象。     

寄生蜂感受器的形态与功能

分析了寄生蜂的触角、足、产卵器上感受器的形态、分布和功能，比较了两性间的差异，概述了近年来国内外在寄生蜂感受器超微结构方面的研究进展，描述了它们在寻找寄主、将卵产入寄主体内过程中的作用。     

暗黑鳃金龟触角超微结构

利用扫描电镜对暗黑鳃金龟(Holotrichia parallela)雌、雄成虫的触角形态和感器进行了观察。结果表明:暗黑鳃金龟触角分为4部分,即柄节、梗节、鞭节棒状部和鳃状部,其中鞭节棒状部由5节组成,鳃状部由鞭节末端3节扩展构成。暗黑鳃金龟触角感器共7种,分别为板形感器、腔锥感器、腔形感器、刺形感器、毛形感器、锥形感器和Bhm氏鬃毛。雌、雄个体之间触角感器的类型、分布均没有明显差异。不同感器在触角各节上的数量与分布各不同。     

冷杉梢斑螟对林芝云杉球果挥发物的触角电位及行为反应

目的 筛选林芝云杉球果挥发物中对冷杉梢斑螟有引诱作用的物质,以期明确冷杉梢斑螟寄主选择机制,从而为该害虫的无公害防治提供理论依据。 方法 采用触角电位仪（EAG）和“Y”型嗅觉仪对林芝云杉球果挥发物中主要成分不同浓度及不同配方分别进行EAG反应和嗅觉行为测试。GC-MS结果表明：健康新果和虫害旧果均含有6种化合物,但其组分及含量存在差异。 结果 EAG反应结果表明：在10 μg·μL−1范围内,α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、(1S)-(-)-β-蒎烯、柠檬烯各组分浓度越大,不同状态下冷杉梢斑螟成虫对其EAG反应越大,超过10 μg·μL−1后,EAG值反而减小;各组分浓度为10 μg·μL−1时,不同状态成虫EAG值显著高于其他浓度（P < 0.05）。未交配雌、雄蛾对反式石竹烯的EAG反应随着浓度的增加而增大,在0.5 μg·μL−1内的EAG反应值与对照差异不显著（P > 0.05）,达到1 μg·μL−1以后,EAG值在各浓度间差异亦不显著（P > 0.05）,而0.5 μg·μL−1与1 μg·μL−1间EAG反应差异显著（P < 0.05）。交配雌蛾、未交配雌蛾对月桂烯的EAG反应随浓度增大而增强,当浓度为100 μg·μL−1时,EAG值最大,但100 μg·μL−1与10 μg·μL−1的EAG值差异不显著（P > 0.05）。 结论 嗅觉行为结果表明：配方A2、A3、A5、A7、A8对其具有明显引诱效果,尤以配方A7最佳,对不同状态下冷杉梢斑螟的引诱率达70%以上,配方A4、A9、A10对其具有明显趋避效果,对不同状态下冷杉梢斑螟的趋避率高达50%～70%。各组分的10 μg·μL−1为最佳刺激浓度,反式石竹烯具有明显引诱作用,月桂烯具有明显趋避作用。     

Flagellar Sensillar Equipment of Two Morphologically Closely Related Aphid Hyperparasitoids (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Alloxysta)

The antennal sensillar equipment in the parasitic wasp family Figitidae was analyzed to date only in few species, despite some are associated with crop pests and can have an economic importance. It is the case of the genus Alloxysta, which includes hyperparasitoids of aphids which can potentially reduce effectiveness of primary pest parasitoids. Here we analyzed, through scanning electron microscopy, the diversity, morphology, and distribution of the antennal sensilla in males and females of Alloxysta consobrina (Zetterstedt) and Alloxysta victrix (Westwood), two species with overall very similar morphology. In both species, antennae are filiform and cylindrical, and flagellum was longer in A. victrix. Eight sensillar types have been recognized: four types of sensilla trichoidea (ST-A, ST-B, ST-C, ST-D), sensilla coeloconica, sensilla placoidea, sensilla campaniformia, and sensilla basiconica. ST-A, ST-B, ST-C, and sensilla placoidea were the most abundant types on the antennae and often increased in number and decreased in size toward the tip of antenna. The two species seem to have several differences in their sensillar equipment, possibly in accordance with the different degree of host range. On the other hand, sexual dimorphism is probably due to the different stimuli that have to be correctly processed. The comparison with the other species of Figitidae studied by far showed, at subfamily-level, that variability in sensillar equipment and phylogeny do not agree. This suggests a complex series of morphological changes during evolution of this group. The taxonomic sample should be thus substantially enlarged to disclose possible trends in sensillar equipment evolution in the family.     

异色瓢虫暗黄变种成虫触角感器扫描电镜观察

利用扫描电镜对异色瓢虫暗黄变种雌、雄成虫触角形态和感器进行观察。结果表明,异色瓢虫暗黄变种成虫触角为棒状,共11节,即柄节、梗节和鞭节的9个亚节。触角感器为毛状感器与锥状感器,毛状感器分为长毛状感器、短毛状感器两种类型。雌雄个体间触角感器的类型、分布均无明显差异。     

Differences in Antennal Sensillae of Male and Female Peach Fruit Flies in Relation to Hosts

Antennal sensillae of male and female peach fruit flies, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae), obtained from three different host fruit species (guava, Psidium guajava L. (Myrtales: Myrtaceae); peach, Prunus persica (L.) Stokes (Rosales: Rosaceae); and orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Sapindales: Rutaceae)), were studied with scanning electron microscopy. This study was carried out to describe the different types of sensillae present on the three antennal segments (scape, pedicel, and flagellum or funiculus) of both sexes of B. zonata on different host fruit. The antennal segments of females tended to be larger than those of males feeding on peach and guava fruit. On orange, both sexes were similar (no significant differences were found). The first two antennal segments, scape and pedicel, are reinforced by some bristles and have different types of sensillae, including trichoid I, II, S; basiconic II; and sensilla chaetica in different numbers on different host fruit species. Numerous microtrichia, as well as trichoid (I, II), basiconic (I), clavate, and coeloconic (I, II) sensillae were observed on the funiculus with a great variation in number and length. As a result of feeding on different hosts, differences were found between sexes and some plasticity in size, number, distribution, and position of some sensillae, including trichoid, basiconic, chaetica, and clavate on the antennae of the female B. zonata. These sensillae were significantly larger in females. Also, some morphological and morphemetric differences have been found according to their feeding on different host fruit.